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BRITISH PARLIAMENTARY
SYSTEM (BPS)WHAT AND HOW?
Herbert
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DEBATING,WHAT IN THE WORLD ISIT???
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DEBATINGISNOTABOUTSAYINGTHATWEARERIGHTANDSOMEONEELSEISWRONG.
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NORABOUTSAYINGTHATTHEREISARIGHTANDWRONG
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SO, WHATISIT???
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DEBATINGISNOTCLAIMINGTHATTHEREISAN
ULTIMATE
TRUTH
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DO I HAVEANANSWERFORYOU,ORAM I JUSTWASTINGYOURTIMEBYMAKINGYOUREADMYRAVINGS?
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YES, I DOHAVEANANSWER!
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DEBATING IS ABOUT..
developing your communication skills
assembling and organizing effective arguments
using the language to convince people that your
arguments outweigh your opposition's
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BPS IN A NUTSHELL
One of debating systems
Adopted from British Parliamentary rules
Consists of 8 debaters, 4 teams (@2 speakers), in
one round
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POSITIONING OF THE SPEAKERS
Speaker of The House
Opening
Government
Closing
Government
Opening
Oppos
ition
Closing
Opposition
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ORDER OF SPEECHES
1. Prime Minister First Speaker, OG2. Leader of the Opposition First Speaker, OO3. Deputy Prime Minister Second Speaker, OG4. Deputy Leader of the Opposition Second
Speaker, OO5. Member of the Government First Speaker, CG6. Member of the Opposition First Speaker, CO7. Government Whip Second Speaker, CG8. Opposition Whip Second Speaker, CO
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
First Speaker of the Opening Government(Prime Minister)
define the motion
outline the allocation of arguments (split)
deliver first split
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
Second Speaker of the Opening Government (DeputyPrime Minister)
give rebuttals
deliver second split summarize case
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
First Speaker of the Opening Opposition(Leader of the Opposition)
show the difference of stance (negation)
give rebuttalsoutline the allocation of arguments (split)
deliver first split
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
Second Speaker of the Opening Opposition(Deputy Leader of the Opposition)
give rebuttals
deliver second split summarize case
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
First Speaker of the Closing Government(Member of the Government)
give rebuttals
outline and deliver case extension
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
Second Speaker of the Closing Government(Government Whip)
give rebuttals
summarize case
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
First Speaker of the Closing Opposition(Member of the Opposition)
give rebuttals
outline and deliver case extension
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ROLES OF SPEAKERS
Second Speaker of the Closing Opposition(Opposition Whip)
give rebuttals
summarize case no new matter may be delivered
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ON DEFINITION
The importance of definition is to make it clear
what the teams are going to debate. It clarifiesthe motion given so that the debate is clear andreasonably focused.
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CRAFTING A DEFINITION
Look at individual words.
Look at issues.
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DEFINITION, RULES OF THUMB
Definition must have clear and logical link to thetopic.
Definition must not be time or place set.
Definition must not be truistic (self-proving).
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TEAM SPLIT
A team split is the allocation of arguments to thespeakers of a team (i.e. First and SecondSpeakers). It is important that this allocation bemade clear right from the First Speaker
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A-R-E+L
On preparing arguments, remember thatarguments should have A-R-E+L:
Assertion: statement of the argument;Reasoning: a logical explanation of the
argument;Evidence: examples to support the
argumentLink-Back: Concluding a point by pulling it
back to the main statement
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ON REBUTTAL
Rebuttals are arguments attacking the otherside's arguments. In the forms of:
showing that the opposing argument is
based on an error of fact or an erroneousinterpretation of fact;
showing that the opposing argument isirrelevant to the proof of the topic;
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ON REBUTTAL
showing that the opposing argument is illogical
showing that the opposing argument, involvesunacceptable implications
showing that the opposing argument, should beaccorded little weight;
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POINTS OF INFORMATION
Points of Information (POIs) are short interruptionsthat may be given by the opposing side to thespeaker having the floor. A point of information,once accepted by the speaker having the floor, can
be given for the maximum of 15 seconds.
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POI, FOR THE SPEAKER
You may take the POI (which means that you mustanswer it).
You may reject the POI (do this with either saying"No, thank you!" or something to that effect, or by
hand gestures). You may take it later on (i.e. ask the person giving
the POI to wait); however, you should not make theperson wait for more than 20 seconds.
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POI, TYPES OF
Short, sharp, and direct question.
Point of clarification.
Drawing contradiction between the First andSecond Speakers, or between the first and secondteams.
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ON EXTENSION
The job of the Closing teams is to support theOpening teams by following the line of reasoningbut by giving a significantly different matter(often called an extension). Making an extension is
supporting the case of the Opening by putting adifferent perspective into it.
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SHAFTING, A BIG NO-NO
In extending the case of the Opening, do notdump the Openings basic reasoning. The
Closing team must agree on the case of the
Opening.Stabbing your Opening team by disagreeing
with them (often called shafting) should notbe done. That is not what coalitions do in a
parliament!
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WHAT MAKE A GOOD DEBATER?
DEBATE MORE
AND
HIT THE BOOKS
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DON'TTELLMETHATTWOANDTWOISFOUR. HOWDOYOUKNOWTHAT
TWOISTWO. THATISTHEREALQUESTION.*HOW DOUTHINK, INSTEADOF WHAT U
SHOULDTHINK
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