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Inverter based CogenerationOverview by
Coffman Electrical Equipment Onsite power simplified
by Coffman Electrical Equipment
April 30. 2015
Allows for simple integration with
renewables
Inverter based cogeneration makes small scale CHP possible
Eliminates need for complicated paralleling gearSimplifies Utility interconnect, similar to solar
inverters.Variable speed motor reduces efficiency loses at
partial loadsAbility to stage multiple unitsUses standard automotive style engines
simplifying maintenance.Allows easy integration with batteries to
maintain voltage stability.
Combined Heat & Power (aka cogeneration)Definition: The simultaneous production of two useful
outputs (electricity + heat) from a single fuel source
2-for-1: “A generator that makes free hot water”
or“A boiler that makes free electricity”
Gas in
1,263,000 Btu/hr
Electricity out
100 kW
Thermal out
700,000 Btu/hr
100.0%
27.0%
55.4%
>82.4% total (HHV basis)
>92.8% total (LHV basis)
Benefits to SiteECONOMICS
Cut energy costs by 30-50% Qualify for incentives (utility/ fed/ state) Reduce exposure to utility rate volatility
ENVIRONMENTAL Cut carbon footprint by 50% Increase efficiency Lower emissions
SECURITY Black-start capability (supplemental
standby capacity = “convenience power”) Power quality Reduce US dependence on foreign oil
Environmental Benefits of CHP: CO2 Emissions Reductions
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM: 'SAMPLE TECOGEN INV-100
INSTALLATION'
695
489
608
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
without
TECOGEN
with TECOGEN
ton
s C
O2/ year by site's
Tecogenunit(s)
by site'sboiler
by utilitypowerplant
With TECOGEN INV-100, 576
fewer tons of CO2 are emitted each year, by 'SAMPLE
TECOGEN INSTALLATION'
49% Reduction
INV-100 FeaturesQualifies for Standardized
Interconnection UL1741 Compliant CE Marked for European
UseBlack-Start/Grid-
Independent Operation Compatible With CERTS
“Wireless Droop” ControlPower Quality
No Reactive Power UsePower Boost for Demand-
Side ResponseEnhanced EfficiencyLow Emissions Internationally Adaptable
50/60 hz
Premium Power Module - Inverter Interface
Natural Gas Engine
Amorphous Metal Generator
To Exhaust After Treatment & Heat Recovery
Variable Frequency
AC
Rectifier Inverter
High Quality 3-Phase,
50 or 60 Hz Power
DC
Optional DC Input from Auxiliary Device
(solar PV, Battery, Fuel Cell, etc.)
RPM Volts Freq (hz) KW
1000 98 135 392200 207 297 933000 258 405 130
Engine/Generator Output
Power Conversion
Volts Freq (hz) KW
480 60 37480 60 88480 60 123
Delivered kW
General Layout
Additional Features Water-cooled
Generator/ Electronics
Large Oil Sump New Exhaust HX/
Catalyst Design Extra Cat
Surface Extra Sound-
Attenuated Enclosure
8514
6514
PCS&
Control
IC Engine
Exh. HR/Emissions
After-treatment
PMG
Power Electronics/ Generator
Performance
F ig . 3 . E n g in e a n d G e n e r a t o r P e r fo r m a n c e C u r v e s ( e n g in e e f f i c ie n c y c a lc u la t e d u s in g t h e
t h e lo w e r h e a t in g v a lu e f o r n a t u r a l g a s )
G e n . E f f .
E n g . E f f .
E n g . h p .
G e n k W
0
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
1 2 0
1 4 0
1 6 0
1 8 0
2 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 3 0 0 0
E n g in e - G e n e r a t o r R P M
Hors
epow
er o
r kilo
watts
0 %
2 0 %
4 0 %
6 0 %
8 0 %
1 0 0 %
Excellent part-load efficiency
INV-100 Part Load Performance
40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
1,000,000
1,100,000
1,200,000
1,300,000
Electrical Output (Kw)
Fu
el o
r H
ea
t (B
TU
/hr)
Fuel Usage
Heat Recovery
INV-100 Modulation
ElectricalOutput
(kW)
FuelUsage
(BTU/hr)
HeatRecovery(BTU/hr)
ElectricalEfficiency
(%)
OverallEfficiency
(%)100 1,262,760 700,000 27.0 82.5
80 991,440 557,800 27.6 83.860 751,740 442,100 27.3 86.140 541,620 330,720 25.2 86.3
Brevoort CHP plant consists of (4) 100kW
Tecogen InVerde units which provide
heating, domestic hot
water and electricity for the
20 story co-op condo building.
MICROGID CASE STUDY
THE BREVOORT, a 1950’s era co-op tower in the Greenwich Village section of New York City, maintained power, water and heat during the wide spread power outages left in the wake of Superstorm Sandy thanks to Tecogen’s combined heat and power (CHP) system.
Brevoort CHP plant consists of (4) 100kW
Tecogen InVerde units which provide
heating, domestic hot
water and electricity for the
20 story co-op condo building.
MICROGID CASE STUDY
THE BREVOORT, a 1950’s era co-op tower in the Greenwich Village section of New York City, maintained power, water and heat during the wide spread power outages left in the wake of Superstorm Sandy thanks to Tecogen’s combined heat and power (CHP) system.
DC based CHP • These DC based
generators are available in either Natural gas/propane or Diesel
• Variable speed with Lithium battery charging integrated in engine control
• Are available from 6 kw to 26 kw.
• Can be integrated into inverter packages up to 80 kw.
25kW
30kW
60kW
200kW 100 – 400kW
recip. packaged CHP
Reciprocating Gas EnginePackaged CHP Systems
recip. packaged CHP
5kW
128 – 2,129kW
250 & 333kW turbines
Absorption Chilling• 30 tons of cooling
available per 100 kw of CHP
• Combines heat from generator and heat removed from building into common low grade heat source
• This heat can be reused in other requirements.
Engine driven Chillers 50-400 tons • Recovers waste
heat while providing Chillers.
• Lower Emissions than Fuel Cells
• Provides Energy savings at part load similar to Variable Speed Chillers
• Automotive based engines.
22 ton Engine driven Heat pump
• Hot and air cooled versions
• Brings cooling tower waste heat to building distributions system
• COP of 2.2 to 3.1• Recovers Data
Center Heat.
Microgrid Design
Micro-grid is the integration of multiple technologies to provide backup power when grid power is unavailable or to maximize renewable power as % of total power.
This same design can allow for the integration of Cogeneration and renewable heating/cooling systems.
Allow for net zero application by at little additional cost through reduction of backup power cost and size.
Integrated CHP, solar PV/thermal with electric and thermal storage
Coffman Electrical Equipment Co
3300 Jefferson SeGrand Rapids, Mi. 49548
616-452-8708www.steadypower.com
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