Inverter based CogenerationOverview by

Coffman Electrical Equipment Onsite power simplified

by Coffman Electrical Equipment

April 30. 2015

Allows for simple integration with

renewables

Inverter based cogeneration makes small scale CHP possible

Eliminates need for complicated paralleling gearSimplifies Utility interconnect, similar to solar

inverters.Variable speed motor reduces efficiency loses at

partial loadsAbility to stage multiple unitsUses standard automotive style engines

simplifying maintenance.Allows easy integration with batteries to

maintain voltage stability.

Combined Heat & Power (aka cogeneration)Definition: The simultaneous production of two useful

outputs (electricity + heat) from a single fuel source

2-for-1: “A generator that makes free hot water”

or“A boiler that makes free electricity”

Gas in

1,263,000 Btu/hr

Electricity out

100 kW

Thermal out

700,000 Btu/hr

100.0%

27.0%

55.4%

>82.4% total (HHV basis)

>92.8% total (LHV basis)

Benefits to SiteECONOMICS

Cut energy costs by 30-50% Qualify for incentives (utility/ fed/ state) Reduce exposure to utility rate volatility

ENVIRONMENTAL Cut carbon footprint by 50% Increase efficiency Lower emissions

SECURITY Black-start capability (supplemental

standby capacity = “convenience power”) Power quality Reduce US dependence on foreign oil

Environmental Benefits of CHP: CO2 Emissions Reductions

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM: 'SAMPLE TECOGEN INV-100

INSTALLATION'

695

489

608

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

without

TECOGEN

with TECOGEN

ton

s C

O2/ year by site's

Tecogenunit(s)

by site'sboiler

by utilitypowerplant

With TECOGEN INV-100, 576

fewer tons of CO2 are emitted each year, by 'SAMPLE

TECOGEN INSTALLATION'

49% Reduction

INV-100 FeaturesQualifies for Standardized

Interconnection UL1741 Compliant CE Marked for European

UseBlack-Start/Grid-

Independent Operation Compatible With CERTS

“Wireless Droop” ControlPower Quality

No Reactive Power UsePower Boost for Demand-

Side ResponseEnhanced EfficiencyLow Emissions Internationally Adaptable

50/60 hz

Premium Power Module - Inverter Interface

Natural Gas Engine

Amorphous Metal Generator

To Exhaust After Treatment & Heat Recovery

Variable Frequency

AC

Rectifier Inverter

High Quality 3-Phase,

50 or 60 Hz Power

DC

Optional DC Input from Auxiliary Device

(solar PV, Battery, Fuel Cell, etc.)

RPM Volts Freq (hz) KW

1000 98 135 392200 207 297 933000 258 405 130

Engine/Generator Output

Power Conversion

Volts Freq (hz) KW

480 60 37480 60 88480 60 123

Delivered kW

General Layout

Additional Features Water-cooled

Generator/ Electronics

Large Oil Sump New Exhaust HX/

Catalyst Design Extra Cat

Surface Extra Sound-

Attenuated Enclosure

8514

6514

PCS&

Control

IC Engine

Exh. HR/Emissions

After-treatment

PMG

Power Electronics/ Generator

Performance

F ig . 3 . E n g in e a n d G e n e r a t o r P e r fo r m a n c e C u r v e s ( e n g in e e f f i c ie n c y c a lc u la t e d u s in g t h e

t h e lo w e r h e a t in g v a lu e f o r n a t u r a l g a s )

G e n . E f f .

E n g . E f f .

E n g . h p .

G e n k W

0

2 0

4 0

6 0

8 0

1 0 0

1 2 0

1 4 0

1 6 0

1 8 0

2 0 0

1 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 3 0 0 0

E n g in e - G e n e r a t o r R P M

Hors

epow

er o

r kilo

watts

0 %

2 0 %

4 0 %

6 0 %

8 0 %

1 0 0 %

Excellent part-load efficiency

INV-100 Part Load Performance

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

1,100,000

1,200,000

1,300,000

Electrical Output (Kw)

Fu

el o

r H

ea

t (B

TU

/hr)

Fuel Usage

Heat Recovery

INV-100 Modulation

ElectricalOutput

(kW)

FuelUsage

(BTU/hr)

HeatRecovery(BTU/hr)

ElectricalEfficiency

(%)

OverallEfficiency

(%)100 1,262,760 700,000 27.0 82.5

80 991,440 557,800 27.6 83.860 751,740 442,100 27.3 86.140 541,620 330,720 25.2 86.3

Brevoort CHP plant consists of (4) 100kW

Tecogen InVerde units which provide

heating, domestic hot

water and electricity for the

20 story co-op condo building.

MICROGID CASE STUDY

THE BREVOORT, a 1950’s era co-op tower in the Greenwich Village section of New York City, maintained power, water and heat during the wide spread power outages left in the wake of Superstorm Sandy thanks to Tecogen’s combined heat and power (CHP) system.

Brevoort CHP plant consists of (4) 100kW

Tecogen InVerde units which provide

heating, domestic hot

water and electricity for the

20 story co-op condo building.

MICROGID CASE STUDY

THE BREVOORT, a 1950’s era co-op tower in the Greenwich Village section of New York City, maintained power, water and heat during the wide spread power outages left in the wake of Superstorm Sandy thanks to Tecogen’s combined heat and power (CHP) system.

DC based CHP • These DC based

generators are available in either Natural gas/propane or Diesel

• Variable speed with Lithium battery charging integrated in engine control

• Are available from 6 kw to 26 kw.

• Can be integrated into inverter packages up to 80 kw.

25kW

30kW

60kW

200kW 100 – 400kW

recip. packaged CHP

Reciprocating Gas EnginePackaged CHP Systems

recip. packaged CHP

5kW

128 – 2,129kW

250 & 333kW turbines

Absorption Chilling• 30 tons of cooling

available per 100 kw of CHP

• Combines heat from generator and heat removed from building into common low grade heat source

• This heat can be reused in other requirements.

Engine driven Chillers 50-400 tons • Recovers waste

heat while providing Chillers.

• Lower Emissions than Fuel Cells

• Provides Energy savings at part load similar to Variable Speed Chillers

• Automotive based engines.

22 ton Engine driven Heat pump

• Hot and air cooled versions

• Brings cooling tower waste heat to building distributions system

• COP of 2.2 to 3.1• Recovers Data

Center Heat.

Microgrid Design

Micro-grid is the integration of multiple technologies to provide backup power when grid power is unavailable or to maximize renewable power as % of total power.

This same design can allow for the integration of Cogeneration and renewable heating/cooling systems.

Allow for net zero application by at little additional cost through reduction of backup power cost and size.

Integrated CHP, solar PV/thermal with electric and thermal storage

Coffman Electrical Equipment Co

3300 Jefferson SeGrand Rapids, Mi. 49548

616-452-8708www.steadypower.com