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sys-sup-
t haveuntingginet the
stage.ding ais per-ptable
Case 1: Strength Analysis of Engine Mounting Bracket
ABSTRACT: The purpose of an engine mounting bracket is to safely support the power-traintem in all conditions. Since it is very difficult to change the supporting locations and types ofport after the engine is built, the mounting brackets must be verified in the design stage.The engine mounting connects the engine to the body. If the mounting bracket does noappropriate stiffness,it can cause noise and vibration. This vibration is passed from the moto the body causing body vibration. A weak bracket can also lead to rolling vibration of the enor shock from deceleration and accelleration. Due to these factors, it is very important thaengine mounting bracket have enough stiffness and strength.Strength analysis needs to be performed to verify the bracket properties early in the designThe strength analysis computes the magnitude of a load from the mass of the engine, inclufactor of safety, and applies this load to each engine mounting bracket. The stress analysisfomed with these boundary conditions and the analyst verifies that results are within an accerange..
Solution Type : SOL101 Linear Static Analysis
< Model Geometry >
58
tion
irec-
n of
Calculate the magnitude of loading before being applied.
Even if the component of load in the vertical direction is already known as 450 Kgf, the direc
of the actual force is not vertical direction of the cylinder but fifteen degrees in right and left d
tion with respect to the vertical axis. Therefore, their components, F, should be calculated.
2 F cos 15o = 450
F = 450 / (2 cos 15 o) = 232.935
This F is not applied to one point but applied evenly to eleven nodes existing in the directio
length of the cylinder.
Force per grid point : 232.935/11 = 21.176
Create the cylindrical coordinate in the origin to apply loads easily.
υGeometry | Create | Coord | Euler
Type : Cylindrical
X-axis : 90o
Y-axis : 0 o
Z-axis : 0 o.
The directrion of thecoordinate is;
113
Post the cylindrical part only to apply loads easily.
Group|Post... Select Groups to Post : select the circle only.
Apply
Edit the load conditions.
◆ Loads / BCs
Create | Force | Nodal
New Set Name : Force 1
Input Data....==> Click.
Force < F1 F2 F3 > : < 21.176, , >
Analysis Coordinate Frame : Coord 2
OK
Select Application Region....
Geometry Filter
◆ FEM
Application Region
Select Nodes
Node 734 776 927:993:22 1023:1111:22 1142:1152
Add
Ok
Apply
114
Check that loads are applied correctly.
◆ Loads/BCs
Plot Markets Assigned Load/BC Sets
Force_Force1
Apply
115
itions
MSC/
e
file of
it is
The second step : Solution
1. Creating input file for MSC/NASTRAN
Until now, the model was completed with elements and nodes and load and boundary cond
were defined.
Therefore, all data necessary for the analysis are prepared. Input data necessary to perform
NASTRAN will be generated in this step.
◆ Analysis
Analyze | Entire Model | Analysis Deck
Jobname : case1
Solution Type ===> Click
Solution Type :◆ Linear Static
Ok
Apply===>Input file named case1.bdf is created in th
current directory.
The extension of the file name named as case1.bdf, .bdf, means that the file is the bulk data
MSC/NASTRAN.
The created input file named case1.bdf can be performed by MSC/NASTRAN. However,
desirable to check always whether the input file is created according to analysts intention.
116
/PAT-
Editor, a general command, is used to check the input file.
> vi case1.bdf
<The summary of the content of case1.bdf file>
SOL 101 =============> the type of a linear static structural analysis
TIME 600
CEND
SUBCASE 1
SPC = 2 ===============> register the constraints
LOAD = 2 ===============> register the load condition
OLOAD=ALL ===============> print the summation of applied loads (edit seperately)
DISP=ALL ===============> print displacements of all grid points
SPCF=ALL ===============> print the reaction forces on constrained points
STRESS=ALL ===============> print stresses of all elements
BEGIN BULK
PARAM POST -1 ===============> request to create case1.op2 for post-processing with MSC
RAN
$ Direct Text Input for Bulk Data
$ Elements and Element Properties for region : thick3.2
PSHELL 2 1 3.2 1 =============>check the element property
CQUAD4 1 2 3 23 22 1
CQUAD4 2 2 4 24 23 3
CQUAD4 3 2 5 25 24 4
CQUAD4 4 2 6 26 25 5
CQUAD4 5 2 7 27 26 6
CQUAD4 6 2 8 28 27 7
CQUAD4 7 2 9 29 28 8
CQUAD4 8 2 11 29 9 2
CQUAD4 9 2 15 12 10 13
CQUAD4 10 2 15 29 11 12
CQUAD4 11 2 16 28 29 15
.
.
.
CQUAD4 1309 2 1332 990 968 1331
117
CQUAD4 1310 2 1333 1012 990 1332
CQUAD4 1311 2 1334 871 1012 1333
CQUAD4 1312 2 1335 1042 871 1334
CQUAD4 1313 2 1336 1064 1042 1335
CQUAD4 1314 2 1337 1086 1064 1336
CQUAD4 1315 2 1338 1108 1086 1337
CQUAD4 1316 2 1339 1130 1108 1338
$ Referenced Material Records
$ Material Record : steel
MAT1 1 20700. .3 =======================> check the material property
$ Nodes of the Entire Model
GRID 1 8.30000 86.8000 87.0000
GRID 2 8.29999 86.8000 42.3951
GRID 3 8.30000 86.8000 81.4244
GRID 4 8.30000 86.8000 75.8488
GRID 5 8.30000 86.8000 70.2731
GRID 6 8.3 86.8000 64.6975
GRID 7 8.3 86.8000 59.1219
GRID 8 8.29999 86.8000 53.5463
GRID 9 8.29999 86.8000 47.9707
GRID 10 8.29999 66.7999 42.3951
GRID 11 8.29999 80.1333 42.3951
.
.
.
GRID 1335 -42.6229 4.30000-7.03834
GRID 1336 -42.6229 9.80000-7.03834
GRID 1337 -42.6229 15.3000-7.03834
GRID 1338 -42.6229 20.8000-7.03834
GRID 1339 -42.6228 26.0000-7.03834
$ Loads for Load Case : Default
SPCADD 2 1 3 =========> the constraint registered in SUBCASE1 as SPC=2
LOAD 2 1. 1. 1 =========> the load condition registered in SUBCASE1 as LOAD=2
118
$ Displacement Constraints of Load Set : all_fix
SPC1 1 123456 158 THRU 181
$ Displacement Constraints of Load Set : tz_fix
SPC1 3 3 351 THRU 374
$ Nodal Forces of Load Set : Force1
FORCE 1 734 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 776 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 927 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 949 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 971 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 993 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1023 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1045 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1067 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1089 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1111 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1142 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1143 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1144 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1145 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1146 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1147 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1148 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1149 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1150 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1151 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
FORCE 1 1152 2 21.716 1. 0. 0.
$ Referenced Coordinate Frames
CORD2C 2 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. + N =====> the coordinate to be used to apply the load
+ N-4.37-8 1. 0.
ENDDATA ==================================================> the end of input file
119
10
ay
due to
verify
2. Checking the result file after running and executing MSC/NASTRAN
After checking the input file, perform MSC/NASTRAN.
❏ nastran case1.bdf
First of all, check whether there are fatal errors, and whether the value of epsilon is less than-6.
If the value of epsilon is greater than 10-6, then analyst should check the model because there m
be unstable factors. In other words, check up duplicate nodes, duplicate elements, a hinge
the difference of DOF, etc. Also, after checking the external forces and the reaction forces,
that magnitude of a displacement is in the linear region.
>vi case1.f06
< the summary of the content of case1.f06 file >
SOL 101
TIME 600
$ DIRECT TEXT INPUT FOR EXECUTIVE CONTROL
CEND
0
0 C A S E C O N T R O L D E C K E C H O
CARD
COUNT
1 SEALL = ALL
2 SUPER = ALL
3 TITLE = MSC/NASTRAN JOB CREATED ON 24-SEP-97 AT 17:45:10
4 ECHO = NONE
5 MAXLINES = 999999999
6 $ DIRECT TEXT INPUT FOR GLOBAL CASE CONTROL DATA
7 SUBCASE 1
8 $ SUBCASE NAME : DEFAULT
9 SUBTITLE=DEFAULT
10 SPC = 2
120
08
121
11 LOAD = 2
12 OLOAD=ALL
13 DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL
14 SPCFORCES(SORT1,REAL)=ALL
15 STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL
16 BEGIN BULK
0 INPUT BULK DATA CARD COUNT = 2651
0 TOTAL COUNT= 2640
0 OLOAD RESULTANT
0 T1 T2 T3 R1 R2 R3
0 1 4.4601184E+02-5.2275796E+00 0.0000000E+00 8.3786901E-04 -2.4100974E-02 -1.9632772E-13
LOAD SEQ. NO. EPSILON EXTERNAL WORK EPSILONS LARGER THAN .001 ARE FLAGGED WITH ASTERISKS
1 -2.6157543E-13 1.0322804E+02
0 SPCFORCE RESULTANT
0 T1 T2 T3 R1 R2 R3
0 1 -4.4601184E+02 5.2275796E+00 1.0044232E-10 -8.3787105E-04 2.4100967E-02 -1.2557186E-
0
D I S P L A C E M E N T V E C T O R
POINT ID. TYPE T1 T2 T3 R1 R2 R3
1 G -3.388117E-02 5.967543E-04 -3.476353E-04 -1.073203E-04 -8.464418E-04 5.435654E-04
2 G 1.705256E-03 -1.505788E-04 -2.252729E-04 .0 -9.692291E-05 -8.521343E-05
3 G -2.778594E-02 4.691521E-04 -3.199295E-04 .0 -1.257081E-03 5.270182E-04
4 G -2.004636E-02 3.697563E-04 -3.162545E-04 .0 -1.401420E-03 4.542482E-04
5 G -1.228214E-02 2.594843E-04 -3.140836E-04 .0 -1.249428E-03 3.532296E-04
6 G -6.052270E-03 1.463794E-04 -2.931711E-04 .0 -8.780626E-04 2.108079E-04
7 G -2.046922E-03 5.145672E-05 -2.621209E-04 .0 -4.982703E-04 1.010211E-04
8 G 6.992900E-05 -1.912706E-05 -2.384312E-04 .0 -2.477344E-04 -1.501670E-06
9 G 1.108005E-03 -8.286034E-05 -2.268947E-04 .0 -1.220527E-04 -6.036313E-05
10 G 7.732020E-04 -1.197503E-04 1.196657E-06 .0 -1.116166E-04 1.617573E-04
11 G 1.064274E-03 -1.464049E-04 -1.380086E-04 .0 -5.197330E-05 -9.569000E-05
12 G 4.626031E-04 -1.306775E-04 -5.964141E-05 .0 -5.272346E-05 -3.611754E-05
0 SUBCASE 1
L O A D V E C T O R
POINT ID. TYPE T1 T2 T3 R1 R2 R3
734 G 1.936063E+01 -9.836187E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
776 G 2.170703E+01 -6.242449E-01 .0 .0 .0 .0
927 G 1.843098E+01 -1.148406E+01 .0 .0 .0 .0
949 G 1.993994E+01 -8.601365E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
971 G 2.097365E+01 -5.629444E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
993 G 2.159627E+01 -2.277220E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1023 G 2.160161E+01 2.226015E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1045 G 2.114079E+01 4.965018E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1067 G 2.038867E+01 7.475735E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1089 G 1.943528E+01 9.687855E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1111 G 1.843098E+01 1.148406E+01 .0 .0 .0 .0
1142 G 1.843103E+01 -1.148398E+01 .0 .0 .0 .0
1143 G 1.936065E+01 -9.836150E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1144 G 1.993995E+01 -8.601331E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1145 G 2.097367E+01 -5.629372E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1146 G 2.159627E+01 -2.277204E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1147 G 2.170703E+01 -6.242368E-01 .0 .0 .0 .0
1148 G 2.160161E+01 2.226004E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1149 G 2.114080E+01 4.964996E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1150 G 2.038869E+01 7.475703E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1151 G 1.943530E+01 9.687818E+00 .0 .0 .0 .0
1152 G 1.843101E+01 1.148402E+01 .0 .0 .0 .0
SUBCASE 1
F O R C E S O F S I N G L E - P O I N T C O N S T R A I N T
POINT ID. TYPE T1 T2 T3 R1 R2 R3
122
E+00
80E-01
2
7 G .0 .0 .0 2.166371E-06 .0 .0
8 G .0 .0 .0 -3.478547E-06 .0 .0
14 G .0 .0 .0 2.914168E-05 .0 .0
16 G .0 .0 .0 9.358940E-06 .0 .0
17 G .0 .0 .0 -2.637488E-05 .0 .0
27 G .0 .0 .0 3.833955E-06 .0 .0
28 G .0 .0 .0 -2.963803E-06 .0 .0
30 G .0 .0 .0 8.032917E-21 .0 .0
34 G .0 .0 .0 -1.770970E-06 .0 .0
39 G .0 .0 .0 3.382080E-05 .0 .0
0 SUBCASE 1
S T R E S S E S I N Q U A D R I L A T E R A L E L E M E N T S ( Q U A D 4 ) OPTION = BILIN
ELEMENT FIBRE STRESSES IN ELEMENT COORD SYSTEM PRINCIPAL STRESSES (ZERO SHEAR)
ID GRID-ID DISTANCE NORMAL-X NORMAL-Y SHEAR-XY ANGLE MAJOR MINOR VON MISES
0 1 CEN/4 -1.600000E+00 -3.718809E-01 -2.568718E+00 2.515556E-02 .6560 -3.715929E-01 -2.569006E+00 2.404839
1.600000E+00 3.717893E-01 2.608708E+00 3.783849E-02 89.0312 2.609348E+00 3.711494E-01 2.444993E+00
3 -1.600000E+00 -4.847836E-01 -2.689847E+00 2.515556E-02 .6535 -4.844967E-01 -2.690134E+00 2.483586E+00
1.600000E+00 3.408120E-01 2.439261E+00 3.783849E-02 88.9673 2.439943E+00 3.401299E-01 2.288911E+00
23 -1.600000E+00 -4.291624E-01 -2.495634E+00 2.515556E-02 .6973 -4.288563E-01 -2.495940E+00 2.311544E+00
1.600000E+00 4.489827E-01 2.797545E+00 3.783849E-02 89.0772 2.798155E+00 4.483733E-01 2.603092E+00
22 -1.600000E+00 -2.626563E-01 -2.454165E+00 2.515556E-02 .6576 -2.623676E-01 -2.454453E+00 2.334354E+00
1.600000E+00 3.999416E-01 2.767264E+00 3.783849E-02 89.0845 2.767869E+00 3.993370E-01 2.591381E+00
1 -1.600000E+00 -3.145123E-01 -2.636364E+00 2.515556E-02 .6207 -3.142398E-01 -2.636637E+00 2.494406E+00
1.600000E+00 2.983108E-01 2.430919E+00 3.783849E-02 88.9838 2.431590E+00 2.976396E-01 2.297277E+00
0 2 CEN/4 -1.600000E+00 -8.626834E-02 -7.314132E-01 -1.397349E-01 -11.7109 -5.730297E-02 -7.603786E-01 7.3340
1.600000E+00 4.526021E-02 7.575784E-01 1.414459E-01 79.1699 7.846376E-01 1.820105E-02 7.756972E-01
4 -1.600000E+00 -3.429305E-01 -9.712070E-01 -1.397349E-01 -11.9902 -3.132538E-01 -1.000884E+00 8.86775E-01
1.600000E+00 3.053080E-01 9.331093E-01 1.414459E-01 77.8717 9.635058E-01 2.749115E-01 8.596749E-01
123
8
8
Y
24 -1.600000E+00 -2.279778E-01 -6.168498E-01 -1.397349E-01 -17.8518 -1.829744E-01 -6.618532E-01 5.91968E-01
1.600000E+00 2.314744E-01 7.193519E-01 1.414459E-01 74.9465 7.573937E-01 1.934326E-01 6.815841E-01
23 -1.600000E+00 1.702557E-01 -4.873516E-01 -1.397349E-01 -11.5123 1.987162E-01 -5.158121E-01 6.38783E-01
1.600000E+00 -2.138885E-01 5.797360E-01 1.414459E-01 80.1906 6.041919E-01 -2.383445E-01 7.522379E-01
3 -1.600000E+00 5.926153E-02 -8.511710E-01 -1.397349E-01 -8.5323 8.022559E-02 -8.721350E-01 9.148897E-01
1.600000E+00 -1.463379E-01 7.979878E-01 1.414459E-01 81.6617 8.187191E-01 -1.670692E-01 9.137811E-01
* * * * A N A L Y S I S S U M M A R Y T A B L E * * * *
SEID PEID PROJ VERS APRCH SEMG SEMR SEKR SELG SELR MODES DYNRED SOLLIN PVALID SOLNL LOOPID DESIGN CYCLE SENSITIVIT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 0 1 1 ' ' T T T T T F F T 0 F -1 0 F
SEID = SUPERELEMENT ID.
PEID = PRIMARY SUPERELEMENT ID OF IMAGE SUPERELEMENT.
PROJ = PROJECT ID NUMBER.
VERS = VERSION ID.
APRCH = BLANK FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. HEAT FOR HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS.
SEMG = STIFFNESS AND MASS MATRIX GENERATION STEP.
SEMR = MASS MATRIX REDUCTION STEP (INCLUDES EIGENVALUE SOLUTION FOR MODES).
SEKR = STIFFNESS MATRIX REDUCTION STEP.
SELG = LOAD MATRIX GENERATION STEP.
SELR = LOAD MATRIX REDUCTION STEP.
MODES = T (TRUE) IF NORMAL MODES OR BUCKLING MODES CALCULATED.
DYNRED = T (TRUE) MEANS GENERALIZED DYNAMIC AND/OR COMPONENT MODE REDUCTION PERFORMED.
SOLLIN = T (TRUE) IF LINEAR SOLUTION EXISTS IN DATABASE.
PVALID = P-DISTRIBUTION ID OF P-VALUE FOR P-ELEMENTS
LOOPID = THE LAST LOOPID VALUE USED IN THE NONLINEAR ANALYSIS. USEFUL FOR RESTARTS.
SOLNL = T (TRUE) IF NONLINEAR SOLUTION EXISTS IN DATABASE.
DESIGN CYCLE = THE LAST DESIGN CYCLE (ONLY VALID IN OPTIMIZATION).
SENSITIVITY = SENSITIVITY MATRIX GENERATION FLAG.
1 * * * END OF JOB * * *
************************************************************************************
124
g
The thir d step : Post-processing (Verifying the results)
If verifying the text results is done, then read case1.op2 in PATRAN.
υAnalysis
Read Output2 | Resulties | Translate Select Result File... ===> Click
Select Result File : case1.op2 ===> select via clickin
OK
Apply
Display the deformed shape.
Group | Create... New Group Name : all_fem
Since result post is in the current group, Make Current
do group FEM only. Unpost All Other Groups
Group Contents : Add All FEM
Apply
◆ Results | Basic
Select Fringe Result
1. 1_Displacement,Translational
Result Quantity : Magnitude
Select Deformation Result
2.1_Displacement, Translational
Apply
No-show all message on the upper portion of viewport
Display | Result... Erase Show Result Title.
Display only the deformed shape except the original model.
Display | Results.... Show Undeformed Entities ===> set off
125
l
Display the contour of von Mises stresses.
Select Fringe Result
1. 1_Stress Tensor
Result Quantity : Von Mises
Select Deformation Result
1. 1_Displacement, Translationa
Apply
Display various analysis results.
(For example, displacements, Ux, Uy, and Uz, stresses, Sx, Sy, and Sz,......)
126
r,
t-
T-
< The steps of the Analysis Procedure >
♦ The first Step : Modeling(Geometric Shapes, Material and Physical Property, Boundary and Load Conditions)
METHOD create a model with a drawings in Patran.import a CAD Model created already. (IGES, CATIA, Pro/EngineeCADDS5, EUCLID-3, Unigraphics)
♦ 2nd Step : SolutionGenerate the input data for MSC/NASTRAN and perform NASTRAN for ouput file.
♦ 3rd Step : Post-processing (Verifying the results)Check the results printed as text file or verify graphically by using MSC/PARAN.
The First Step : ModelingStart Patran.% > p7
METHOD click Preferences | Analysis...in main menu. Analysis Preference
Decide Analysis Code and Type
filename.bdf for input data
filemane.op2 for output data
59
click File | New... New Model Preference
File | New ... New DataBase NameOkNew Model PreferencesUse default value. | Ok
Import IGES File.File | Import Object : Model
Source : IGES
confirm the directory that the file to be imported exists.
Double click */.. to go back to the preceding directory.
Click the file name on the list on the right side.
- Apply -
In case of Based on Model, if the sizemodel is maximum, the tolerance is0.05% of its size.
Default value of the tolerance is 0.005.
case 1
60
3226
Displaying a table summarizing the imported IGES file.
OKWarningTrimming Loop is not closed for Trimmed Surface defined on Parameter Data Line numberin the IGES file. The Trimmed surface was not processed.Reset and select OK button.
A solid model built up bysurfaces.Meshing shell elements onoutside surface of the solidmodel.
(Iso 3) View
61
t).
Meshing the model.First, mesh the outside surface on the right of the quadrilateral shape of parts in the model
Group | Create New Group NameClick Select Box and when the cursor is blinking,Edit a group name.Make CurrentWhen this switch is on, the Group is current andall elements to be created belong to this group (righ
- Apply -Cancel
To maintain the view when translating, rotating, and zooming the model, work the following.
Preference | Graphics.. Switch off all toggles shown on the right . Apply(By one click, toggle on or off.)
Cancel
• GeometryCurves to make surfaces are obtained from imported surfaces.Create | Curve |ExtractOption : Edge(generate curve on a surface boundary Edge)
Change to ( Top ) View.
Auto ExecuteEdge List : By dragging mouseselect this area.(For this, Preference|Picking..
Enclose Centroid is useful.)
-Apply-
right
62
t
63
Post only curve entities made.Group | Post ... Select Group to Post
rightApply
Cancel
( Iso 3 )View
Add curve to unconnected section.Create | Curve | Point Option : 2 Point
Auto ExecuteEven though no points are included in the currenGroup and displayed, curve can be created.Starting Point List(select upper point)
Curve 11.1(means the position of vertex 1 of curve 11)
Ending Point List(select lower point)
Curve 1.1(means the position of vertex 1 of curve 1)
Create edge curves on the inside surface of three pipe in total model.
Group | Post... Select AllApplyCancel
er
64
Create | Curve | Extract Option : EdgeAuto ExecuteEdge List : select curve in the order of the numbappeared on the above picture.(Highlighted in orange color)
Surface23.1 24.1 25.1 26.1 27.1 28.1Apply
Group | Post... Select Groups to PostrightApplyCancel
Tool | List | Create...
Geometry | Point | Association AssociationCurveCurve Curve 1:27(select all curves in the right group)
Target List “A”Apply
1
2
3
4
5
6
rcles.
List A
When clicking,List Save Menu is displayed.
List SaveGroup Nameright (Current group is listed up.)(Select a group to save the contents of list A.)
ApplyTo finish, click cancel in target list.
(Point Size ) Scale up points on screen.
Default size of the point is 9. Reduce this size to 5, which is appropriate for looking.
Display | Geometry Point Size 5ApplyCancel
Move three small circles on the picture to the surface made by straight lines.Measure the distance between small and large circles. Points have nothing to do with ci
Show | Point | Distance Option : PointAuto ExecuteFirst Point List(Refer to label on the next page.)
Point 51 (Select a point on the small circle.)
Second Point List Point 27 (Select a point on the large circle)
CancelTransform | Curve | Translate Translation Vector
< -5 0 0 >
65
Delete Original CurvesAuto ExecuteCurve List Curve 22:27ApplyDo you wish to delete the original curves?
( Show Label ) on
Display | Entity/Label....Change Show Label Size to8 and apply, then the labelSize is reduced like the sizeon the picture on the left.
Before transform
After transfom
66
are notture.
If meshing is done on trimmed surfaces made using curves shown on the above, mesheswell-shaped. To make well-shaped mesh, divide curves and create surfaces as following pic
If the surface is created like the above, a well-shaped mesh can be obtained.Break the circle in halves.Edit | Curve | Break Option : Parametric
Parametric Value : 0.5Auto ExecuteSelect all circle curves on the curve list of ‘right’Group.
By using ‘Polygon Pick’ of‘SelectMenu’, Curve 5:10 28:33select curves with ease. Apply
67
Do you wish to delete the original curves?Yes
Circles brokenEdit | Curve | Break Option : Point
Auto ExecuteCurve List Curve 3 (Upper curve)
Break Point List Point 116 120 118ApplyDo you wish to delete the original curves?Yes
Curve List Curve 4(Lower curve on the right)
Break Point List Point 115 119ApplyDo you wish to delete theoriginal curves?Yes
68
2
Curve List Curve 1(Lower curve on the left)
Break Point List Point 117ApplyDo you wish to delete theoriginal curves?Yes
Create curves for surface.Create | Curve | Point Option : 2 Point
Auto ExecuteStarting Point List Point 129Ending Point List Point 116Create curves with referring to labels, hereafter.Point 115 131/ 128 120/ 119 130/ 127 118/ 117 13
69
Merge unconnected curves before creating surfaces.Edit | Curve | Merge Curve List Select with holding Shift Key.
Curve 36 35ApplyDo you wish to delete the original curves?Yes* Merge coupled curves by two.
No show labels of points.
( Label Control )
(Click point only. Then, labels of un-
highlighted elements are disappeared.)
/37 34 / 44 43 / 45 42 / 40 39 / 41 38 / 62 66Edit | Curve | Break Option : Point
Auto Execute
Curve List Curve 65Break Point Point 108 105ApplyDo you wish to delete theoriginal curves?Yes
70
curves
in the
Click (Right Side View) to change the view.
Viewing | Angles... Model Relative
Angles
-90, 0.0, 0.0
Apply
(Auto Scale View ).
Give a name to the current view and store it to reuse.
Viewing | Named View Options... Create View...
v1
Apply
Close
Creating a trimmed Surface.
To make a surface which is composed of over 4 edges, create a outline curve by connecting
with chain and use Create | Surface | Trimmed.
Method to create a outline curve.
.By using Auto Chain.. in Create | Curve | Chain, select curves to be connected one by one
curve list..
.Auto Chain... in Create | Surface | Trimmed is also available.
Create | Surface | Trimmed Option : Planar
Auto Chain...
Auto Execute
Select Start a Curve
Curve 2
Blue points are generated on
the curve selected next
Choose Curve to Continue
Curve 64
If curves for a surface are
listed, then OK, or click Next
to list up curves to be
connected at the end point of
71
e
ing
Curve 2.
Next Curve List
Curve 68 74 68 57
The following question is issued when the end point of th
last selected curve is reached to the end point of a start
curve.
Do you wish to delete the original curves?
No
* The next chain curve to be
created
Select Start a Curve
Curve 67
Curve to Continue
Curve 74 68 63 70 75 69 60
Do you wish to delete the orig-
inal curves?
No
Select Start a CurveCurve 69Curve to ContinueCurve 76 70 79 72 77 71 59Do you wish to delete theoriginal curves?No
72
Select Start a CurveCurve 71Curve to ContinueCurve 78 72 82 20 19 12 1516 80 21 11 58Do you wish to delete theoriginal curves?NoCancel
Outer Loop List (select thecurve generated previouslyby the chain.) Curve 83- Apply -Do you wish delete the origi-nal curves? No
(Display Line) on
Outer Loop ListCurve 84- Apply -Do you wish delete theoriginal curves? No
73
ent inents,es on
r
Outer Loop List Curve 85-Apply-Do you wish delete the originalcurves? No
Outer Loop List Curve 86-Apply-Do you wish delete the originalcurves? NoCancel
(Display Line) offThe arrow indicates the point located in the boundary between the rectangular componworking and a large circle on the bottom. To coincide the element edges of both componassociate the point with the surface (by this step, the surface is meshed with creating nodassociated points).Group | Post.. Select All
Apply
(Hide labels)
Associate | Point | SurfaceAuto ExecutePoint List Select Point 4Surface ListIndicating (created previously) Select Surface 58The location of triangle points is the
boundary that the upper and lowe
components are connected.
(if associated, then symbol is a triangular)
Group | Post ... Select Groups to Postright
74
ApplyCancel
Finite ElementDefine the number of elements around a circle is four in Mesh Seed.Create | Mesh Seed | Uniform Number 4
Auto ExecuteCurve ListCurve 73:78Apply
Create | Mesh | Surface Global Edge Length 6
PaverSurface List : select all sur-face in right group. Surface 55:58Apply
Viewing | Named ViewOp-tionsClick V1 stored previously to change a
view.
The meshed surfaces.
75
d
mallar too.
For the rest of the space, do 2 Curve Mesh using two curves faced each other.
Merge the curve of the small circle first.
GeometryEdit | Curve | Merge Curve List : after clicking every two the paire
curves,/ 47 48 / 51 52 / 50 53 / 55 56 / 54 57 /
Apply
After having merged, mesh the circumference of the circle with two curves (for large and scircle) of circles facing each other and then mesh the left empty region shaped of rectangul
Create | Mesh | 2 Curves Global Edge Length 6Auto ExecuteCurve 1 List :Curve 2 List :Unpost elements for a convenient view.
(Plot /Erase)Click Erase All FEM.Ok
76
Meshing a circle part./ 73 87 / 74 88 / 75 89 / 76 90/77 91 / 78 92 /Meshing the rectangular,empty region on the left./ 20 18 / 18 17 / 17 16 /Meshing by selecting everytwo the paired curves.
2 Curve Mesh
Coincide duplicated nodes by plot all elements.
(Plot /Erase)Plot All EntitiesOk
Coincide duplicated nodes.Equivalence | All | Tolerance Cube Apply
77
t
Mesh is finished on this side, then mesh the opposite side. Create a new group.Group | Create ... New Group Name : left
Make CurrentApplyCancel
Finite ElementsUse Copy function to create elements on the opposite surface.Transform | Element | Translate Translation Vector
(Tip ans base points) Click
Click Point 1 first, and then click
Point2.
Auto ExecuteElement ListSelect all elements meshed on the righ
group.
Elm 1:156Apply
1
2
78
transformed elements.
Copied elements will be included in the left group.Creating elements on the left surface.Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
Number 3OkDirection Vector
( Tip and base Points ) Click
View is current.
In Select Menu, change to Node and
select.
And then change again to Point and
select.
Base Entity List
(Elements Edge )After picking the polygon, select the
element edge.
Apply
79
t
those
.shell elements created aelement edge by the sweepcommand.
After having meshed on surfaces faced each other, mesh the region to be connected bysurfaces.Sweep | Element | Extrude MeshControl
Number 6Direction Vector
(Tip and Base Points )
Click Point 1 first, and then Point 2.
Base Entity List
(Elements Edge )select the element edge with Polygon
Pick.
Apply
12
80
Display | Plot /Erase ... Erase All GeometryOk
(Hidden Plot )
(Wireframe)
Display | Plot /Erase... Plot All EntitiesOk
(Plot / Erase) Erase All FEM
81
t
Create surfaces on the rest of spaces and mesh.GeometryTransform | Curve | Translate Translation Vector
(Tip and Base Points)
Click Point 1 first, and then Point 2.
Auto ExecuteCurve List :Click the surface edge (Orange) on the
back.
Surface 7.1 10.3 6.1 Apply
.Curves created on the fronby ‘copy’
Edit | Curve | Merge CurveListSelect three curves created newly. Curve 93:95 (refer to the next picture)ApplyDo you wish to delete the original curves?Yes
1
2
82
group
Create | Surface | Curve Option : 2 Curve
Auto ExecuteStarting Curve List Surface 29.4Click upper surface edge andlower curve merged.Ending Curve LIst Curve 96
Create points on boundary nodes in order to mesh with respect to the element edge of leftwhich was already meshed, and associate them with surfaces.
(Plot / Erase) Plot All EntitiesCreate | Point | XYZ Auto Execute
Point Coordinate ListChange Select Menu to Node and select. Node 364:367 470 491Apply
83
on the
Associate points with thesurface.Associate | Point | SurfaceAuto ExecutePoint List Point 133:138Select points created previously
with dragging mouse.
Surface ListSurface 60Apply
.Associated points
Fit together the number of element edge to the upper surface by setting the mesh seed as 6upper edge of surface 60.Finite ElementCreate | Mesh Seed | Uniform Number 6
Curve ListSurface 60.4Apply
Create | Mesh | Surface Global Edge Length 6Mesher.Paver
84
Auto ExecuteSurface ListSelect the surface created previously.Surface 60
.Hidden plot of right, left, and
default groups whose meshing iscompleted.(If the geometry and elements are
plotted together, the hidden plot is
not clear)
Display | Plot /Erase Erase All GeometryOK
(Refresh Graphics)
.a distinct picture of hiddenplot
Display | Plot /Erase Plot All EntitiesOk
(Wireframe )
85
e
Creating a pipe passing through a circle.Group | Create New Group Name pipe
Make CurrentApply
Group | Post Select Group to Postdefault_group, right, pipeApplyCancel
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
Number : 6OkDirection Vector
(Tip and Base Points)Define a vector with two points
Base Entity
(Element Edge)Select element edges around the circl
(Orange).
Apply
.elements making up Pipe.
12
86
Group | Post Select AllApplyCancel
Equivalence | All | Tolerance Cube Apply
Display | Plot/Erase... Erase All FEMOk
(Front View)
Group | Create ... New Group Name
Entity Selection Select by dragging a mouse.
Apply
support1
87
s
re
Group | Post ... Select Group to Postsupport 1ApplyCancel
GeometryCreate | Surface | Trimmed Option : Planar
Auto Chain...
Create new curves by connecting curve
forming the lower surface and generate
a new surface.
This surface is created byextruding the element bound-ary edges which are madefrom the surface.
Auto ExecuteSelect a Start Curve
Choose Curve to Continue
Then, OK. If the bellow surface edges and curves ashown, then OK, or do next to get them.Surface 49.1 48.4 47.2 Curve 16
Do you wish to delete the original curves?NoCancelOuter Loop ListSelect curves created before by chain.
ApplyDo you wish to delete the original curves?No
Surface 51.1
Surface 50.7
Curve 97
88
-
t
Lets check the weight of the structure before meshing the support1 group.
When assuming that there is a coordi
nate frame inside the circle on the pic-
ture, the load, 450Kgf, is applied to the
portion, where the arrows are indicating
on the picture, to the x-direction (by 15
degrees on both sides, total is 30
degrees). Therefore, nodes for elemen
are created on those points better.
Group | Post ... Select Group to Postdefault_group, support1ApplyCancel
Create a temporary coordinate frame in order to generate a node on the loading positions.Create three points necessary to define a coordinate frame.
Create | Point | ArcCenter .Auto Execute
Curve ListCreate the center point of the circle.
Select the surface sdge.
a created point 139.
Surface 3.1
89
Create a new point necessary to define the z axis.Create | Point | Extract Parametric Position : 0.5
Auto ExecuteCurve ListClick the surface edge selected just before.
Then, two points are created.Create | Coord | 3 Point Type : Rectangular
Auto ExecuteOrigin : click the center point (139) of the circle.
Point on Axis 3 :click the extracted point (140).
Point on Plane 1-3 :click point 5 on the right side from the center
of the circle
Point 104
Transform | Point | Rotate Axis
(Coordinate System Direction 2) Click
click a new coordinate.
Rotation Angle : -30Auto ExecutePoint List
Surface 3.1
139
5
140
Coord 1.2
Point 104
90
ves are
l
A copied point
Associate copied points with the surfaceGeometryAssociate | Point | Surface Auto Execute
Point 141Surface List
Apply(Associate : When meshing a surface, create nodes on the positions where points and cur
associated, and mesh.
Surface 61
Associated point
(A triangle mark means a successfu
association.)
Point List
Surface 61
91
shing is
If meshing is started on the surface, then nodes are created on the associated points and medone.Group | Post ... Select Group to Postsupport 1ApplyCancel
Finite Mesh Global Edge LengthPaverSurface List
Apply
Click surface 61.
This surface copies theelements of the surface 61meshed already.
Transform | Element | Translate Translation Vector
ClickClicking point 1, and then click point2 .
Element ListSelect via dragging mouse.
Apply
6
Surface 61
1
2Elm 683:712
92
Elements on the side surfacevia transforming.
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control...
NumberOkDirection Vector
(Click)Click point 1 first, and then click point 2.Base Entity List
(Elements Edge) Click
Select fifteen element edges.
Apply
4
2
1
93
The completed extrusion
Group | Post... Select Group to Postright, support1ApplyCancel
Equivalence | All | Tolerance Cube Apply
94
bel
Creating a element directly.Create | Element | Edit
Shape : QuadTopology : Quad4Pattern : StandardAuto ExecuteNode =1 : Node 875Node =2 : Node 130Node =3 : Node 128Node =4 : Node 964
Create four elements with selecting nodes by referring to the node la
on the picture.
(964 128 129 948) (948 129 127 932)(932 127 123 828)
Next, mesh the support on the opposite side.
Group | Post ... Select Group to Postdefault_groupApplyCancel
Do grouping the geometry data on the opposite side named as support2.
Group | Create ... New Group Name
(Front View)
support2
95
ociated
Entity SelectionSelect via dragging mouse.ApplyCancel
Group | Post... Select group to PostSelect left, support2 with holdingCtrl Key.
ApplyCancel
To coincide with elements meshed already and the edge, change nodes into points and assthem with the surface.GeometryCreate | Point | XYZ Auto Execute
Point Coordinate List
Click to change a view.
Create points on the nodes.Apply
Surface 35
Node 372:370:-1 368 471 492
96
.
Associate | Point | Surface Auto ExecutePoint List Click point created in the previous step
Surface List
Apply
Finite Element
Create | Mesh | Surface Global Edge Length
PaverSurface List
Apply
Post the support2 group only and mesh.Group | Post ... Select Group to Post
Support2ApplyCancel
Complete the other side of surface via copying the elements of surface 35 meshed already.
Transform | Element | Translate Translation Vector
Click
Point 142:147
Surface 35
8
Surface 35
97
The copied elements.
Element List Select elements via the surface mesh.
Apply
Create | Mesh Seed | Uniform Number
Curve List
Apply
Create | Mesh | Surface Global Edge Length
IsoMesh
1
2
Define vector with point
Elm 807:826
4
Surface 38.3
8
98
Surface List
Apply
The surface mesh
Group | Post ... Select Group to Postsupport2, leftApplyCancel
Equivalance | All | Tolerance Cube Apply
Create a element by selecting node directly on the upper part of the support.
Create | Element | Edit Shape : QuadTopology : Quad4Pattern : StandardAuto Execute
Node 1 : 376Node 2 : 1005Node 3 : 1060Node 4 : 374...Node.
Select the parenthesized node.
(374 1060 1052 375)(375 1052 1044 373)(373 1044 973 369)
Surface 37
Surface 38
Surface 38 37
99
Do Hidden-Line-plot the meshed model.Group | Post Select Groups To Post
Select AllApplyCancel
Display | Plot /Erase... Erase All GeometryOkCancel
(Iso 3 View)
(Hidden Line)
The hidden line plot of theelements except geometrydata.
Display | Plot/Erase... Plot All EntitiesOkCancel
(Wireframe)
Next, mesh the lower, large circle. (use Sweep | Extrude)
Group | Create ... New Group Name
Make CurrentApplyCancel
circle
100
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control...
Number
OkDirection Vector
( Click )Define a vector with two points
Click point 1 first, and thenclick point 2.
Base Entity List
(Element edges included in support1
group)
(Select four element edges in‘support2’ group.)
Apply
1
Select ten element boundary edges
(Orange).
101
n
Elements extruded to negativeY direction.
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
Number
Direction Vector
(Click)
Click the point. Click the point
Base Entity List
(Element Edge)Select nine element edges othis surface edge.
Apply
1
102
in the
Extruded elements
The circle group is created by extruding elements with checking with element edges meshedright group.Group | Post ... Select Groups to Post
circle, rightApplyCancel(Post two groups only. The current group is the circle.)
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
Number
Direction Vector
(Click)Define a vector with two points.
Click point 1 first, and then click point
2.
3.2 is listed..
Base Entity List
(Elements Edge)Select all element edges
around the circle (orange).Apply
1
1
2
Extrude Distance
103
d
Extruded elements
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
Number
Direction Vector
(Click)
Extrude Distance
Offset
Input the magnitude of the extrusion
used previously.
Base Entity ListUse the same element edge list selecte
before.
Apply
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
Number
2 (the number of elements for the next is two.)
13.6
3.2
1 (the number of elements for the next is one.)
104
d
d
Direction Vector
(Click)
Click point 1 first, and then click point
2.
Extrude DistanceOffset
Add the magnitude of the extrusion used
before and input that number.
Base Entity ListUse the same element edge list selecte
before.
Apply
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh Control
NumberDirection Vector
(Click)
Click point 1 first, and then click point
2.
Extrude DistanceOffset
Add the magnitude of the extrusion used
before and input that number.
Base Entity ListUse the same element edge list selecte
before.
Apply
1
2
3.2
16.8
4 (the number of elements for the next is four.)
1
2
22
20
105
d
Sweep | Element | Extrude Mesh ControlNumber4(the number of elements for the next is four.)
Direction Vector
(Click)
Click point 1 first, and then click point
2.
Extrude Distance
Offset
Add the magnitude of the extrusion used
before and input that number.
Base Entity ListUse the same element edge list selecte
before.
Apply
Complete the circle group using the geometry of the default group (use Sweep | Arc).Group | Post ... Select Groups To Post
circle, default_groupApplyCancel
Sweep | Element | Arc Mesh Control...
Number
Axis
(Coordinate System direction 2)
Sweep Angle
Base Entity List
(Element Edge)Apply
5.2
42
4
Coord 1.2(Click the coordinate created before)
30.0(value that a loading location is considered)
106
,
(The color of elements may be changedbut no problem.)
Select element edges withPolygon Pick.
Swept Elements
Complete the circle model with the element edges again.Sweep | Element | Arc Mesh Control...
Number 16Axis
(Coordinate System Direction 2)
107
Sweep Angle
Base Entity List
(Elements Edge)Select the marked region in the previous page with Polygon Pick.
Apply
Swept Elements
Equivalence | All | Tolerance Cube Apply
Meshing of the model is completed. Check the element boundaries via posting all group.
Coord 1.2
150.0
108
Group | Post.. Select AllApplyCancel
Verify | Element | Boundaries Free EdgesApply
Reset GraphicsDisplay | Plot/Erase Erase All Geometry
OK
(Hidden Plot )
the completed full model
( Wireframe )
109
Renumber | Node Start ID or List of New IDs1Node ListSelect the total model.Apply
Total nodes : 1339Total elements : 1316Create table of a material properties used for components.
Materials
Create | Isotropic | Manual Input Material Name
Input Properties...
Elastic Modulus
Poisson Ratio
Apply | Cancel
Input the thickness of each component.Properties
Create | 2D | Shell Property Set Namethick
Input Properties...
Material
Click steel on the material property sets.
Thickness
OkSelect MembersClick the box, and then
(2D element)ClickSelect all elements.
AddListed up on the application region.Apply
Create the boundary conditions.Load / BCsGroup | Post Select Group to Post
rightApply | Cancel
Create | Displacement | Nodal New Set Name
Input Data...Translations < T1 T2 T3 >
Steel
20700
0.3
3.2
m : steel
3.2
Elm 1:1316
all_fix
<0 0 0>
110
the
Rotations <R1 R2 R3>
Ok
Select the application region ... FEMSelect NodesPlot right and left groups, and then select nodes in around circle on
surface to the positive X axis.
AddOkApply
Group | Post ... Select Group to PostleftApplyCancel
Create | Displacement | Nodal New Set Name
Input Data...Translations < T1 T2 T3 >
Rotations < R1 R2 R3 >
Ok
<0 0 0>
Node 158:181
tz_fix
< , , 0>
< >
111
112
Geometry Filter FEMSelect NodesSelect nodes on around circle.
AddApply
Node 351:374
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