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Overview of the CaribbeanOverview of the Caribbean
Tourism Sector:Tourism Sector:
Managing Tourism ResourcesManaging Tourism Resources
Mercedes Silva
Sustainable TourismSpecialist
Adaptation to Climate Change in the
Caribbean
Tourism Sector WorkshopGrenada, May 27th, 2002
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CTO MembershipCTO Membership
Caribbean Map
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!CS Countries "utch West #ndies
Anguilla Aruba
Antigua & Barbuda* BonaireBritish Virgin Islands Curacao
Dominica* Saba
Grenada * St Eustatius
Montserrat* St Marteen
St Kitts and e!is*
St" #ucia * $rench West #ndies
St Vincent and the Grenadines* Guadeloupe
Martini$ue
ther CA%#CM &ispanic Caribbean
%he Bahamas Cuba
Barbados Dominican epublic
Beli'e Me(ico) Cancun Co'umel
Gu+ana Vene'uela
,amaica%rinidad and %obago 'S Caribbean
-aiti .uerto ico
Suriname /S Virgin Islands
ther Common(ealth
Bermuda
Ca+man Islands
%ur0s and Caicos Islands * CAIC1M
CTO Caribbean Sub-RegionsCTO Caribbean Sub-Regions
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Benets of TourismBenets of Tourism
oreign !"change
#overnment
Revenue
$nvestment
2 )ob Creation
2 *inkages to ther Sectors
2 Socio+Cultural "eelopment
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14 15
17 18
19 20
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
U
S
$
b
i
l
l
i
o
n
P
%isitor !"penditure in the%isitor !"penditure in the
CaribbeanCaribbean -'S. billion/
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!mplo&ment in Tourism!mplo&ment in Tourism
$ndustr&$ndustr&
CTO conservatively estimates that
more than 900 thousand persons aredirectly or indirectly employed in thetourism industry (300 thousand in theaccommodation sector)
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$mportance of Tourism to Caribbean$mportance of Tourism to Caribbean
!conomies!conomiesVisitor Expenditure as a Percentage o !"P
#nguilla $ %&'
Cayman slands $ 0'*t+ ,ucia $ &&'#ntigua - .ar/uda $ 9'#ru/a $ 1'.ar/ados $ 3'
*t+ 2itts - evis $ 31'!renada $ 45'*t+ Vincent - !6dines $ 45'
7amaica $ 4&'
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$nternational ' Caribbean$nternational ' Caribbean
%isitor (rrivals%isitor (rrivalsTourists -Stay,er/-million arri,als/
Cruise assengers
-million bed days/%egion
13 2000 13 2000
World 345"6 578"8 43"9 :;"<
Caribbean
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
YEAR
%
G
R
O
W
T
H
S
I
!
E
1
9
8
7
$nternational ' Caribbean$nternational ' Caribbean
Tourist (rrivalsTourist (rrivalsG"o#$ P&"'o"()n*& 1987+2000
!ARI,,EA
WOR-.
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1991 1993 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
YEAR
%
G
R
O
W
T
H
S
I
!
E
1
9
8
9
$nternational ' Caribbean$nternational ' Caribbean
Cruise Bed )a&sCruise Bed )a&sG"o#$ P&"'o"()n*& 1991+2000
!ARI,,EA
WOR-.
/E.ITERRAEA
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-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Y&)"
% G " o # $
All Caribbean
Hisp. Caribbean
Fr. Caribbean
CARICOM
US Caribbean
Dut! Caribbean
S"ure # Caribbean $"uris% Or&ani'ati"n
Fr. Caribbean
Hisp. Caribbean
All Caribbean
US. Caribbean
Dut! Caribbean
CARICOM
1((0 20001(((1((81(()1((61((*1((41((+1((21((1
#rowth in Tourist (rrivals to the Caribbean and#rowth in Tourist (rrivals to the Caribbean and
Selected Sub-regions since *++*Selected Sub-regions since *++*
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Tourist (rrivals to theTourist (rrivals to the
Caribbean b& Sub RegionsCaribbean b& Sub Regions,, ther Carribean
86
'S Territories
206ther C9(ealth
:6
$rench W;#;
86
!CS
76
"utch W;#;
76
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O$&"
11%
E"o&
26%
!)n))
6%
Uni$& S$)$&
50%
!)"ibb&)n
7%
Tourist (rrivals to theTourist (rrivals to the
Caribbean b& Ma.or Mar/etsCaribbean b& Ma.or Mar/ets,,pp
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0S Travel to Overseas0S Travel to Overseas
)estinations)estinationsComparative 1erformance *++ - ,Comparative 1erformance *++ - ,
+15
+5
515
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Y E A R
All O&"&)
!)"ibb&)n
Gul4
War
Competition
Source /S%IA
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C ( R $ C O M
2, 3
4 $ S 1 ( 5 $ C
C ( R $ B B ! ( 5 6
78 3
) 0 T C 4 C ( R $ B B ! ( 5
93
0 S T ! R $ T O R $ ! S
73
R ! 5 C 4
C ( R $ B B ! ( 5
* 3
O T 4 ! R C ( R $ B B ! ( 5
* 3
8 E xcludes Puerto 9ico
Can adian T ourist ( rr ivals t o
T he 4ispan ic Car ibbean - ,
p
Cu/a
05'"om
9ep
35'
Cancun
1 0'
(rrivals from Canada to the(rrivals from Canada to the
Caribbean b& Sub-region ,pCaribbean b& Sub-region ,p
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( & + 0 ) 0+ 0 & + 0 1 0 + 0 1 & + 0 4 0 + 0
1 erc entage
O ! C S
C ( R $ C O M
C OM M O5 : ! ( ; T 4 C
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838
1986 2096 2194
23262441 2513
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Roo(
000
1980 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
P
Room Capacit& in theRoom Capacit& in the
CaribbeanCaribbean
OE!S
1%O$&"
!#&)l$
27%
O$&"
52%
US T&""
7%
.$*6%
"&n*
7%
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60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
R
)
&
i
n
%
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Occupanc& Rates in theOccupanc& Rates in the
CaribbeanCaribbean =percent>=percent>
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Challenges to CaribbeanChallenges to Caribbean
TourismTourismDi%inis!e, e"n"%i &r"t! in %an "/ "urs"ure %ar0et
Re,ue, pr"/itabilit "/ airlinesM"re "untries seri"usl a,"ptin& t"uris% as a1iable ,e1el"p%ent "pti"n
Inrease, leisure tra1el "pti"ns it!in "ur%a2"r %ar0etsC!an&in& C"nsu%er 3atterns
C!an&in& ,istributi"n sste%s
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Challenges to Caribbean TourismChallenges to Caribbean Tourism
Climate Change $ssuesClimate Change $ssues
Sea 4e1el Rise#%"st t"uris% /ailities are l"ate, in "astal areas
5l"bal $e%perature#
ar%er inters in n"rt!ern %ar0ets 6 !an&es int"uris% seas"ns.
ar%er su%%ers in t!e re&i"n 6 less attrati1e /"rt"urists.
3reipitati"n 3atternsHurrianesl"st "/ in/rastruture
a//et re&i"n i%a&e as a sa/e ,estinati"n
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Toda&?s Changing ConsumerToda&?s Changing Consumer
S$)n)" o' E:&*$)$ion
less li0el t" be satis/ie, it! sun7 sea 8
san, al"ne
%"re 0n"le,&eable 8 in,epen,ent
%"re en1ir"n%entall "nsi"us
%"re seurit-"nerne,
%"re li0el t" tra1el in /a%il6&r"ups
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Challenges (fter September **thChallenges (fter September **th
Sa/et an, seurit t!e pri%ar "nern "/tra1elers b"t! in ter%s "/ Air tra1el an,sa/et at t!e ,estinati"n
S!"rter b""0in& in,"7 re,ue, /r"%t!ree %"nt!s t" as %u! as /"ur ee0s
9"n"%i ,"nturn..inrease, un-e%pl"%ent
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#rowing Competition - 1roduct#rowing Competition - 1roduct
!i&!er le1els "/ ser1ie "utsi,e Caribbean
/reer r"ss-b"r,er tra1el :n"tabl 9ur"pe;
!u&e &r"t! in ruise s!ip in1ent"r an, ruisin&
,estinati"n
better s!e,ule, airli/t t" "t!er re&i"ns
4a0 "/ in1est%ent an, inn"1ati"n in pr",ut
,e1el"p%ent in t!e re&i"n
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Towards the utureTowards the uture
T& !)"ibb&)n i &"*&i& ) ) )'& &$in)$ion
in *o()"ion $o i$ ();o" *o(&$i$o" in $&
(il& &)$ )n Ai)
.&*lin& in S&$&(b&" &$i()$& )$ 19% )"&
l&&lin< o'' )n o#in< oi$i& i
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Towards the utureTowards the uture
Sustainable TourismSustainable Tourism
(pproach(pproachE''o"$ b&in< ()& $o#)" S$)in)bl&$o"i( ini$i)$i& in*li& o' i("o&
"o*$ @ ()n "&o"*& &&lo(&n$
)$")l R&o"*& P"o$&*$ion
!)""=in< !))*i$= A&(&n$
Eni"on(&n$)l )n in)n*i)l &)ibili$=
.i)$&" /i$i
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1ro.ected #rowth in orld '1ro.ected #rowth in orld '
Caribbean TourismCaribbean Tourismave@annual
*++7 , ,* 3
ch@
Caribbean *9@8 ,@2 ,A@9 9@
orld 78@ +A@A +28@ 2@
3 share ,@3 ,@+3 2@3
millions
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Mercedes SilvaSustainable TourismSpecialist
msilvacaribtourism@comwww@onecaribbean@orgwww@doitcaribbean@com
A)$)$ion $o !li()$& !)n
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