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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
Huawei Confidential
Security Level:
Slide title :40-47pt Slide subtitle :26-30pt
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23/4/26
Cell update & FACH Transfer
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Content
• UE Working Modes and States• Cell Update and FHHO Scenarios• Main Reason for CDR Increase in FACH• Problem and Solutions
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page3
UE Working Modes and States
Idle Mode Connected Mode
CELL_DCH CELL_FACH CELL_PCH URA_PCH
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Idle Mode The UE has no relation to UTRAN, only to CN. Any data
transfer, a signalling connection should have to be established.
UE camps on a cell It enables the UE to receive system information from the PLMN UE can monitor PICH of a cell for paging
The idle mode tasks can be divided into three processes: PLMN selection and reselection Cell selection and reselection Location registration
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page5
Connected Mode When UE is in connected mode
The UE position can be known on different levels: Cell level (CELL_DCH/CELL_FACH/CELL_PCH) UTRAN Registration Area (URA) level (URA_PCH)
The UE can use different types of channels in connected mode Dedicated transport channels (CELL_DCH) Common transport channels (CELL_FACH)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page6
Connected Mode Cell-DCH
In active state Communicating via its dedicated channels UTRAN knows which cell UE stays in
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page7
Connected Mode Cell-FACH
In active state Few data to be transmitted both in uplink and in downlink. There
is no need to allocate dedicated channel for this UE Downlink uses FACH and uplink uses RACH UE needs to monitor the FACH for its information UTRAN knows which cell the UE stays in
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Connected Mode Cell-PCH
No data to be transmitted or received Monitor PICH, to receive its paging UTRAN knows which cell the UE stays in UTRAN has to update cell information of UE when UE roams to
another cell Lower the power consumption of UE
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page9
Connected Mode URA-PCH
No data to be transmitted or received Monitor PICH, to receive its paging UTRAN only knows which URA (which consists of multiple cells)
that UE stays UTRAN updates UE information only after UE has roamed to other
URA A better way to reduce the resource occupancy and signaling
transmission
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page10
UE Working Modes and States
CELL_DCH CELL_FACH
CELL_PCHURA_PCH
IDLE
DEAD - Scan networks (PLMN)- Camp on a cell
- Monitor paging channel- Cell re-selection
- Dedicated channel- Common service,
such as voice
- Reduce activity, DRX, and save powerRRC Connection
- Common channel- PS service with few
data to transmit
- Reduce activity further- Avoid unnecessary
signaling
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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FHHO : Forward Hard Handover
FHHO used to monitor the RRC connection state on common channel, which process the mobility of UE on Common Channel
FHHO also contains the RRC connection rebuilt in DCH.
FHHO including Cell UPDATE and URA UPDATE(only occurs in URA_PCH)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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FHHO Function ( CELL_DCH) RLC Un-recovery Error: recover the RL when UE cannot
normal communicate with UTRAN equaled RLC layer using AM mode
RL failure: using in RRC connection rebuilt, when all the RLs loss of synchronization, UE try to rebuilt the RRC connection with UTRAN
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Relation between FHHO and RRC StateRRC Connection state Realizable FHHO Function ( update cause)CELL_DCH Cell Update (RLC ERR 、 RL FAIL)
CELL_FACH Cell Update (Periodical Cell update, Cell reselection, Re-enter Serving Cell, RLC ERR)
CELL_PCH Cell Update (Periodical Cell update, Cell reselection, Re-enter Serving Cell, Paging Response, UL Data Transmit)
URA_PCH Cell Update (Paging Response, UL Data Transmit), URA Update (Periodical URA update, URA reselection)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Cell Update Function Periodical Cell update: UE moving within one cell , majority
way to monitor RRC connection Cell reselection: UE mobility state cross different cells, major
way of UE keep RRC connection with UTRAN serving in Common Channel.
Re-enter Service Area: another way to keep RRC connection when move, T305 expired
RLC Un-recovery Error: recover the RL when UE cannot normal communicate with UTRAN equaled RLC layer using AM mode
Paging Response : response to paging type 1 from UTRAN when RRC connection exist
UL Data Transmit : UE inform UTRAN needing data transmit
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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URA Update Function Periodical URA update: URA ID contained in Cell system info
with UE mobility URA reselection: URA ID not in the system info when UE move
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Cell Update Signaling Flow
Page 16
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page 17
Current state on Global network: PS CDR increase a lot PS HSPA CDR Close FACH Open FACH
Brazil Claro 0.44% 0.72%SA Vodacom 0.80% 3.50%Brazil VIVO 0.73% 4.24%Greess VDF 0.52% 2%
Gemanny O2 0.76% 3.70%Turkey VDF 0.88% 2.54%
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page 18
Main reasons for the CDR increase on FACH
PS call drop after H2F RB Reconfig failure PS call drop by TRB/SRB reset on FACH state PS call drop due to the procedure flow crossed
by F2H RB Reconfig and Cellupdate PS call drop by SRB rebuilt during P2F phase
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Reason and SolutionsReason No power control on FACH No SoftHO on FACH The state not consistent between UE and RAN
Solutions Decrease Users on the FACH state by decrease H2F
volume threshold Configure longer H2F timer than the PS inactivate
timer, let non-throughput user fast transfer to idle Decrease the time from FACH to PCH or idle state.
Thank Youwww.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Page21
RNTI - Radio Network Temporary Identifier Five types of RNTI exist
Serving RNC RNTI (S-RNTI) Drift RNC RNTI (D-RNTI) Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) UTRAN RNTI (U-RNTI) HS-DSCH RNTI (H-RNTI)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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Cell update flow ( P->F)UE RRM RR FMR SIG
DLCCCH:Cell update confirm
Apply radio resource
ULCCCH:Cell update request
If MACC/MACD in different board , built AAL2 connection
Built MACC and MACD logical channel
ULDCCH:Physical channal re-configuration
completeCell update and UE state
indicate
RLC restore
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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23
Cell update with relocation ( PS)SourceRNC TargetRNCCN
Rel ocati on Reqi red
Rel ocati on RequsetRANAP RANAP
RANAP RANAP
RANAP RANAPRel ocati on Requset Ack
RANAP RANAPRel ocati on Cmd
Rel ocati on Commi tRNSAP RNSAP
RANAP RANAPI U Rel Cmd
RANAP RANAPI U Rel Compl ete
RNSAP RNSAPRel ocati on Detect
UE
RRCRRC Cel l Update Conf
RRCRRC UTRAN Mobi l i ty I nfo Conf
RRCRRC Cell UpdateRNSAP RNSAPUL Si g Trans I nd
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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24
Cell update with relocation ( PS)SourceRNC TargetRNCCN
Rel ocat i on Reqi red
Rel ocati on Requset
RANAP RANAP
RANAP RANAP
Est Req
Est Conf
Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2
RANAP RANAPRel ocati on Requset Ack
RANAP RANAPRel ocati on Cmd
Rel ocati on Commi tRNSAP RNSAP
RANAP RANAPI U Rel Cmd
RANAP RANAPI U Rel Compl ete
RNSAP RNSAPRel ocati on Detect
UE
RRCRRC Cel l Update Conf
RRCRRC UTRAN Mobi l i ty I nfo Conf
AAL2 Rel Conf
AAL2 Rel Req Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2
Q.AAL2
RA Update
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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25
UE DRNCSource
DRNCTarget
SRNC
RNSAP RNSAP8. Common Transp. Channel Resources Release
RNSAPRNSAP
2. Uplink Signalling TransferIndication
RNSAP
3. Common Transp. Channel ResourcesInitialization Request
RNSAP
RRC 1. CCCH: Cell UpdateRRC-relay
RRC6. DCCH: Cell Update Confirm
RRC
RRC7. DCCH: RNTI Relocation Complete
RRC
RNSAPRNSAP
4. Common Transp. Channel Resourcesinitialization Response
5. ALCAP Iur bearer setup
FHHO ( Cell Update crossing IUR)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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26
UETargetRNC
5.CCCH: URA Update Confirm
SourceRNC
2.Uplink Signalling Transfer Indication
ServingRNC
[ new C-RNTI,D-RNTI, UL message]
1.CCCH: URA Update
[U-RNTI, URA update cause]RRC-relayRRC
3. Decision Not toperform SRNS
relocation
RRC RRC-relay
RNSAP
RNSAP
4. Downlink Signalling Transfer Request
RNSAP
RNSAP
FHHO ( URA update)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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FHHO FlowUE RNS
Cell Update
Cell Update Confirm
UE RNSCell Update
Cell Update ConfirmUTRAN Mobility Info Confirm
UE RNSCell Update
Cell Update ConfirmRB Release Complete
Cell update procedure with radio bearer release
Cell update procedure with update of UTRAN mobility information
Cell update procedure with radio bearer release
UE RNSCell Update
Cell Update ConfirmRB recfg complete
Cell update procedure with radio bearer reconfiguration
UE RNSURA Update
UAR Update ConfirmURA update procedure, basic flow
UE RNSURA Update
UAR Update ConfirmUTRAN Mobility Info Confirm
URA update procedure with update of UTRAN mobility information
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