View
217
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Chapter 18 Industry and Chapter 18 Industry and Urban GrowthUrban Growth
1865-19151865-1915
Chapter 18Chapter 18
Aim: to identify why industry boomed.Aim: to identify why industry boomed.
Do now: What is the state of the Do now: What is the state of the economy like in the West?economy like in the West?
United States becomes an United States becomes an Industrial LeaderIndustrial Leader
U.S. has a greater concentration of U.S. has a greater concentration of the most needed natural resources for the most needed natural resources for modern industry.modern industry.
Among these include:Among these include: Iron OreIron Ore CoalCoal LumberLumber OilOil Mineral Resources (gold, silver, etc.)Mineral Resources (gold, silver, etc.)
Chapter 18Chapter 18section 1section 1
Advances in Oil and Steel Advances in Oil and Steel IndustriesIndustries
Oil & Steel = 2 fastest Oil & Steel = 2 fastest growing industries in late growing industries in late 1800's1800's
Kerosene, one of first Kerosene, one of first products to be refined, products to be refined, used to light lampsused to light lamps
Gasoline, created from oil Gasoline, created from oil led to the creation of led to the creation of many new jobsmany new jobs
**Bessemer ProcessBessemer Process = a = a method for producing a method for producing a stronger type of steelstronger type of steel
Chapter 18Chapter 18
Aim: to identify significant inventors of Aim: to identify significant inventors of the 19the 19thth and 20 and 20thth centuries centuries
Do now: What was the impact of the Do now: What was the impact of the Bessemer Process?Bessemer Process?
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Inventors and InventionsInventors and Inventions PatentPatent – a document giving – a document giving
someone the sole right to make and someone the sole right to make and sell an invention.sell an invention.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Thomas EdisonThomas Edison Research facility in Research facility in
Menlo Park, New Menlo Park, New JerseyJersey
Invented the Light Invented the Light bulb, Motion Picture bulb, Motion Picture Camera, Camera, Phonograph and Phonograph and hundreds morehundreds more
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Phonograph Motion Picture Camera
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Alexander Graham Alexander Graham BellBell
Invented telephone Invented telephone in 1876in 1876
Replaced the Replaced the telegraphtelegraph
Patent for telephone Patent for telephone was the most was the most valuable ever.valuable ever.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
“Mr. Watson, Come here. I want you.”
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Henry FordHenry Ford Made automobile Made automobile
available to millionsavailable to millions Assembly LineAssembly Line – –
manufacturing manufacturing method in which a method in which a product is put product is put together as it together as it moves along a beltmoves along a belt
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Wilbur and Orville Wilbur and Orville WrightWright
Tested gas powered Tested gas powered airplane at Kitty airplane at Kitty Hawk, North Hawk, North Carolina in 1903Carolina in 1903
First plane flew 12 First plane flew 12 seconds for 120 feetseconds for 120 feet
Longest flight lasted Longest flight lasted 59 seconds59 seconds
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 1Section 1
George Eastman: CameraChristopher Sholes: Typewriter
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Aim: to discuss the growth of big business
Do Now: List one inventor we learned yesterday who has made an impact on your life and why.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Aim: to identify the impact of Big Business Owners
Do Now: How did the assembly line impact the growth of business?
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
New Business Entrepreneur- someone
who sets up new business to make a profit
Corporation- business owned by many investors
Banks lend large amounts of money to corporations, industry grows fast and banks get rich
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Monopoly- a company that controls most or all of its business.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Andrew Carnegie Poor Scottish
immigrant Worked his way up
in the railroad industry
His companies owned iron mines, steel mills, railroads, and shipping lines.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
John D. Rockefeller Invested in Oil
company Formed Standard
Oil Trust Trust- group of
corporations run by a single board of directors
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Aim: to identify the conditions of the workplace.
Do now: Was Big Business good or bad for the nation? Explain
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Critics believed in Free Enterprise – privately owned businesses compete freely
Others believed big business owners boosted economy and created jobs
Big businesses believed in “survival of the fittest”
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Conditions in the Workplace
Before Civil War, factories were small
As industry grew, factories grew, millions of immigrants worked in factories
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Women and Children
Women and Children worked in factories under terrible conditions and long hours
Textile, bottle, tobacco, and garment factories
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Dangerous conditions
Lung disease from fibers and dust
Steelworkers were burned or killed by molten metal
Employers felt conditions were necessary to cut costs
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Aim: to analyze primary sources on Big Business
Do Now: What conditions led to the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire?
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Workers Unite Due to dangerous
working conditions & tragedies like the Triangle Shirt Waste Factory Fire, labor unions formed
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Knights of Labor- 1879 grew strong
Public rallies instead of strikes
Violence at Haymarket Square gave negative image from public
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Samuel Gompers- created American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Admitted only skilled workers
Collective Bargaining- union negotiates with management for workers as a group
Worked well, but only included a fraction of the workers.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Women lead the way in forming unions
1893 severe economic depression
Pullman Strike Chicago, George
Pullman cuts pay by 25%
Workers go on strike, including railroad workers.
Strike turned violent, public sided with owners
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 2Section 2
Medal of Honor
In their own words
Salvatore Giunta
Giunta Story
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 3Section 3
Aim: to identify the growth of the American City
Do Now: Why did the public have a negative opinion about Unions
*Quiz Tomorrow: Chapter 18 sections 1-3
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 3Section 3
Rapid Growth Urbanization:
rapid growth of city populations
1860, 1 in 5 people lived in cities
1890, 1 in 3 lived in cities
U.S. has cities comparable to Paris and London
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 3Section 3
New technology helped cities grow Elevated trains, electric street car, subway
trains, elevators, steel framed buildings Steel bridges and public transportation
allowed people to live in suburbs Buildings were built upward, first
“skyscraper” was 10 stories
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 3Section 3
City Life Tenements= buildings divided into
tiny apartments 10 people often lived in single room Settlement House= center offering
help to urban poor
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 3Section 3
Department Stores= downtown shopping attracts tons of people
Leisure Activity= Museums, orchestras, art galleries, theatres, Circuses
Sports= 1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings 1891 James Naismith
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 4Section 4
Aim: to identify the difficult journey of an immigrant
Do Now: What did people do for leisure in the cities
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 4Section 4
A fresh Start Between 1865-1915 25 million
immigrants came to the U.S.
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 4Section 4
Push Factors Dwindling
farmland in home country
Religious freedom
Political unrest
Pull Factors•Land of opportunity•Availability of jobs•Promise of freedom
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 4Section 4
Starting a new life Trip by boat was
miserable Many crammed
into steerage, large compartments below decks usually holding cattle
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 4Section 4
Chapter 18Chapter 18Section 4Section 4
Most people from Europe went through Ellis Island
Asian immigrants entered through Angel Island in San Francisco
Rigorous physical exams
Disabled and ill could be sent home
Recommended