China Africa Biofuel Investment Corporation (Pty) Slide Show 1 (2)

China Africa Biofuel Investment Corporation (Pty)

Advanced Biofuel Renewable Future

CHINA AFRICA BIOFUEL INVESTMENT CORP

Advocate for the adoption of advanced biofuel as an

Energy security Military flexibility Economic development Climate change mitigation Pollution control

Solution

Introduction

Who are we? Why are we hear? What do you think of when you hear “biofuel”?

What are advanced biofuel?

What are they? Why do we need them? What are they used for? (yesterday, today, tomorrow)

How they made?Sustainability

Policy ConsiderationMarket

Ethanol is a biofuel, not the only biofuel Biodiesel Renewable diesel Bio jet Bio butanol Drop-in Hydrocarbons Rocket fuel Bio heat

Corn-based ethanol (nearly 200 proof moonshine or 100% ethanol) is one of the few currently commercially available biofuels you can buy for vehicle in S.A

An ethanol molecule part of many other things too Wine Beer WhiskeyAnd ethanol can be made from many things, not just corn, but more

What we have?

What we can have?

Why replace fossil fuel oil with advanced transportation biofuel is important?

Virtually no oil is used to produce electricity in S.A only coal, windmills and solar can produce electricity but cannot power jet airplanes.

Why replace fossil fuel oil wit advanced transportation biofuel is important?

18 million barrels of oil used each day in South Africa 71% as transport fuel Rest to produce plastics, fibre, films chemicals

Before oil runs out it becomes more difficult and dangerous to extract

Part of a law lifecycle carbon emissions climate change mitigation solutions

Zero Emissions Vehicle

The road to electric vehicles

What are advanced biofuel used for?

What are they? Why we need them?What are they used for? (yesterday, today, tomorrow)

How are they made it?Sustainability

Policy ConsiderationsMarkets

Yesterday: Early Automobiles

Today:

Today: Ethanol Cook stoves

Today:

Tomorrow: High octane fuels for high mileage vehicle Hydrogen carriers for fuel cells

Tomorrow Military aviation fuels Military marine fuels

Tomorrow Rocket fuel: Re supply mission to the international space stations

How are they made?

FeedstockLogistics

Technology

Agriculture

The foundation of the bio economy Feedstock Logistics technology

Feedstock

Sugar, starches Oil seed crop Sunflower Grasses Trees and forest waist Algae Food, animal processing Sorghum Thin air

Example of potential feedstocks

Algae Corn Stover Sorghum Forestry waist Municipal waist Sawdust Chicken manure Jetropha Coffee grounds

Example of potential crops/plants which can be used for product of biofuel

Sorghum

Sunflower

Rapeseed

Agriculture residues

Municipality waist

Grasses

Used cooking oil and grease

Landfill refuelling facilities

Job creation and Positions

Agronomist Farmers Farm workers Farm equipment designers Biologist Biologist specializing in genetic research Biologist specializing in plastic cells Chemist Chemical engineers Researchers in into bioenergy crop developmentCHINA AFRICA BIOFUEL INVESTMENT CORP

Agriculture/horticulture experts Freight rail road operations, engineers, loaders, unloaders Equipment operators, technicians Farm product purchases/traders Agriculture and forestry supervisors Agriculture inspectors Computer software engineers Tractors operators

Accountant officers Marketing specialist Procurement specialist Environmentalist Information technology expert Office administration Political analyst Human resource Health care specialist

What are biofuel are made?

How they made it? Feedstock? Logistics? Technology?

Logistics, harvesting

Logistics, Storage

Logistics, fuel transportation

Biodiesel Processes

Biochemical Thermochemical Fermentation Gasification Plant extraction Plasma arc gasification Transesterification Pyrolysis Hydrolysis Thermochemical conversion of

sugar gas Enzymatic catalysis CO2 – liquid bio catalytic conversion

Aviation fuel Processes

Alcohol to jet (ATJ) Catalytic conversion of oil to Jet (CCOTJ) Catalytic conversion of sugar Jet Catalytic hydrothemalysis, hydro processing to jet Direct fermentation of sugar to jet Fischer troche synthesized cellulosic jet Hydro processed ester and fatty acid Synthesized Iso –Paraffinic fuel

Certification: future aviation fuel Pathways

Biofuel Plant

China Africa Biofuel Plant look like

Job related to conversion processing Plant

Biologist Chemistry Chemical engineers System engineers Research assistance Process technician Lab technician Industrial engineers Industrial architect Construction workers, managersCHINA AFRICA BIOFUEL INVESTMENT CORP

Job related to conversion processing Plant

Truck drivers Plant operations managers Equipment operators Refinery equipment manufactures Welders Boiler makers Pipe fitters Call centre agents Health and Safety

Process path: biomass to fuel and product

Principle of sustainability

Economic Environmental Social

Economic Everyone in the value chain need to make a living The operation must be financially stable The price of the product must be competitive in the market

EconomicAs a prospective grower, how do you find out what bio energy crops might sustainably grow were you leave? Local agricultural extension services Local farms bureau members State land Contact local agricultural economic development office

Environmental Carbo cycle/climate change Reduce green house gases in the atmosphere Reduce our carbon footprint Reduce use of fertilizer Reduce black carbon from cooking fries Reduce use of water Grow crops that sequester carbon

Carbon emission

Social Government Land ownership Transportation Infrastructure Education

Social Land use practice Decision making Form of government Cultural values and tradition Economic system Market based Level of government influence Prestige and aspirations

End of our biofuel presentation

People to contact for more questions and explanation regarding advanced fuel Mr Kelly Lekoto (Chief Executive Office) on 0826315488 Mr Leslie Young (Chief Procurement Officer) 0827498542 Mr Nkosana Zulu (Chief Operation Officer) 0795117492

China Africa Biofuel Investment Corporation (Pty) Slide Show 1 (2)

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