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Blood Human Body contains 4 to 6 liters of blood (8% of total mass) 45% Solids (RBC, WBC & Platelets) 55% Plasma (90 – 92% water, dissolved nutrients, some proteins) What color is your blood? –Dark Red – Lacking oxygen –Bright Red – Full of oxygen
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Circulatory System
The Three Parts• Heart
– 4 chambers– Made of cardiac muscle– Keeps oxygenated blood separate from
oxygen poor blood• Blood Vessels
– Capillaries, Veins, Arteries– Most are surrounded by smooth muscle
• Blood– Red Blood Cells (RBC), White Blood Cells
(WBC), Platelets
Blood• Human Body contains 4 to 6 liters of
blood (8% of total mass)• 45% Solids (RBC, WBC & Platelets)• 55% Plasma (90 – 92% water, dissolved
nutrients, some proteins)• What color is your blood?
– Dark Red – Lacking oxygen– Bright Red – Full of oxygen
RBC• Red Blood Cells
– Job is to carry oxygen to cells and carbon dioxide away from the cells
– Hemoglobin is the molecule within the cell that actually carries the oxygen & CO2
– Hemoglobin is mostly made of IRON– RBC are saucer shaped, looks like a donut with
skin on it– Fairly small and many of them– Made in the red bone marrow– Are around for about 120 days, then taken out by
the liver and spleen
WBC• White Blood Cells
– Larger than red blood cells & a lot less of them
– Include macrophages, B cells & T cells– Job is to fight off invaders such as bacteria,
virus & fungus– Made in the bone marrow– Can move out of the blood vessels into the
tissues & lymphatic system
Platelets• Platelets
– Clumps up to form clots– Helps stop bleeding– Just fragments of cells– Also formed in the bone marrow
Blood Vessels• Carries blood around the body• Three main types:
– Arteries– Veins– Capillaries
Arteries• Large vessels• Carry blood away from the heart• Mostly carries oxygen rich blood, except ONE
– The exception is the Pulmonary Artery• They have thick walls to handle all of the
pressure produced by the heart• All arteries branch off of the AORTA, the big
U-Shaped vessel coming out of the heart.• The first arteries off of the AORTA are the
CORONARY arteries (they feed the heart)• The second arteries that branch off are the
CAROTID arteries (they feed the brain)
Veins• Large vessels• Carries oxygen poor blood toward the heart,
except ONE– The pulmonary vein
• Thinner walls than the arteries• Don’t have the direct pressure from the heart• Have to fight the effects of gravity• Use one way valves to keep the from flowing
backwards
Capillaries• Small & Thin• Only one blood cell can fit through at a
time• One cell layer thick• Allows for the exchange of oxygen &
carbon dioxide & all nutrients and waste products
Heart• Muscle is covered inside by a layer of
smooth tissue called epithelium• The heart has four chambers: 2 atrium
& 2 Ventricles• The atriums receive blood coming in• The ventricles pump blood out• Pacemaker for the heart is found in the
right atrium
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