Classification How Many Species Are There? Global estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million a...

ClassificationHow Many Species Are There?

• Global estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million • a best estimate of somewhere near 10 million• only 1.4 million have actually been named

Problem: limits of current knowledge of species diversity are compounded by the lack of a central database or list of the world's species.

In order to be able to study & understand various species they must be divided up into smaller groups.

Taxonomy = the science of naming organisms1 & assigning them to groups2.

Why do we need a classification system?

Naming Organisms A globally accepted biological classification system is needed.

Carolus Linnaeus: devised a naming system called binomial nomenclature.

Binomial nomenclature: a naming system in which each organism assigned a 2-part scientific name.

Homo sapiens Genus species

Genus: Capitalized & italicized, a group of similar speciesspecies: A group of individuals with same genetic makeup and can

produce fertile offspring

Grouping Organisms

Taxonomic Hierarchy: Group according to similar body structures

Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates Family HominidaeGenus Homo Species Sapiens

The Five Kingdoms

Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Bacteria Diatoms Mushrooms Flowers Raccoon

The Monera Kingdom

Bacteria

Eubacteria

Bacilli

Cocci

Spirilla

Extreme conditions

Archaebacteria

methanogenshalophilesthermophilessulfate reducers

The Protista Kingdom

Protista

Protozoa Water Molds algae Slime Molds

Grape Mildew

The Fungi Kingdom

Fungi

Zygomycota Deuteromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota

MushroomOrange mold Yeast Penicillium

The Plantae Kingdom

Plantae

Non Vascular

Vascular Seedless

Vascular Naked Seeded

Vascular Seeded

The Animalia Kingdom

Invertebrate

Animalia

Vertebrate

Fish Amphibian Reptile Bird Mammal

Biodiversity• 1.4 million have actually been named

• Between 50,000 and 100,000 species lost every year.

• Up to 100 species become extinct every day.

• Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year will climb at a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.

The End

The Hamel