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DESCRIPTION
Compound A compound is a pure substance that can be broken down into smaller pure substances by use of chemical energies. Compounds include things like ionic salts NaCl, HCl, NaHCO 3 molecules CH 4, C 6 H 12 O 6, C 6 H 6
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Classifying Matter
Matter•Matter can be classified as either a pure
substance or a mixture.•A pure substance can be further
classified as•an element•a compound
Compound•A compound is a pure substance that
can be broken down into smaller pure substances by use of chemical energies.
•Compounds include things like•ionic salts•NaCl, HCl, NaHCO3
•molecules•CH4, C6H12O6, C6H6
Element•An element is a pure substance that
cannot be broken down into smaller pure substances by use of chemical energies.
•Elements include things like•Single elements•Au, Ag, Cu
•molecular elements•H2, O2, S8
Mixture•A mixture is a physical blend of two or
more components.•Based on the distribution of their
components, a mixture can be classified as•a heterogeneous mixture•a homogenous mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture•The components of a heterogeneous
mixture are not distributed evenly throughout the mixture.
•For example•chocolate chip cookie•chicken noodle soup•concrete•oil and vinegar salad dressing
Homogeneous Mixture•The components of a homogeneous
mixture are distributed evenly throughout the mixture.
•For example•oil•vinegar•stainless steel•salt water
Phase•Any part of a sample with uniform
properties and composition can be called a phase.•Homogeneous mixtures are, by
definition, single phase mixtures.•Heterogeneous mixtures consist of two
or more phases.
Separating Mixtures•The differences in physical properties of
the components of mixtures can be used to separate them.
•One method is by filtration.•Separating coffee grounds from coffee
when making coffee•One method is by distillation.•Separating water and salt in sea water•Relies on the differences in boiling points
SummaryMatter
Pure SubstanceMixture
ElementCompoundHomogeneousHeterogeneous
singlecomponent
manycomponents
can be brokendown by
chemical means
cannot be broken down
bychemical means
even distributionof components
uneven distributionof components
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