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Click to listen. Click to listen. Early atmosphere ~4.5 billion years ago Mostly Hydrogen and Helium Escaped into space Outgassing of water vapor and CO2 created a secondary atmosphere with some nitrogen - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Early atmosphere~4.5 billion years ago Mostly Hydrogen and HeliumEscaped into space
Outgassing of water vapor and CO2 created a secondary atmosphere with some nitrogen
As liquid water formed the oceans and CO2 was removed from atmosphere The atmosphere became dominated by nitrogen.
~ 2 billion years ago oxygen increased in the atmosphere because of plant life and photosynthesis.
78 % Nitrogen N2
20.95 % Oxygen O2
0.93 % Argon Ar
H2O 0 to 4 %
Carbon Dioxide CO2 0 to .037 % (or 370 ppm)Methane CH4 1.8 ppmNitrous Oxide N2O .3 ppmOzone 0.04 ppm or 40 ppb)Aerosols (particles) highly variable
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Mass - quantity of matter
Weight = mass x gravity
Density = Mass /volume
Pressure = Force /Area
Standard Sea Level pressure is:
1 Atmosphere
14.7 psi
1013 milli bars
Air Pressure (& density) drop by 1/2 for every 5.5 km altitude gain.
Lapse Rate is the temperature drop per kilometer height increase
Typically about 6 °C/km = 6 °C/1000m
Or
About 3 °F/1000 ft
Synoptic Weather map
Radio Sonde
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