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CS102 COMPUTER SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT
Navpreet Singh
Computer CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Kanpur INDIA
(Ph : 2597371, Email : navi@iitk.ac.in)
About Myself
About Myself
I am Principal Computer Engineer at IIT Kanpur and I manage the Campus Network and Internet Services of IITK.
IIT Kanpur has one of the largest networks in the country.
IITK Campus Network now has more than 12000 nodes providing connectivity to more than 6000 users in Academic Departments, Student Hostels and Residences.
IITK has 110 Mbps Internet Connectivity.
All application servers (Mail, DNS, Proxy Caching, Web etc.) are maintained in-house.
B.Tech (1990) and M.Tech (1996) from IIT Kanpur
Working in IIT Kanpur for more than 16 years
Course Objective
Course Objective
The course will cover:
Introduction to Computer Hardware & Software, Operating Systems, Computer Networks and Internet.
Develop a conceptual understanding of PC internals, Computing Environment, Computer Networks and Internet.
Enable the students to diagnose and troubleshoot Computer Hardware and Software problems.
Course Outline
Course Outline
There will be thirteen Lectures and associated Lab Assignments. The lecture slides, assignments and references are available on the course website: http://home.iitk.ac.in/~navi/iiitdcourse
All the Lectures will be 1.5 hours and will be in the form of recorded presentations.
The Assignments will be take home to be completed and submitted in the next lecture class.
Lecture Topics
Course Content
Lecture 1 & 2: Basic components of a Computer System:
– CPU; Memory; Disk Storage – Input/Output units (Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor; CD/DVD Drives,
Speaker/Microphone etc) – Motherboard; Power Supply; Network Interface – Peripherals:- function of each component – Assembly/Disassembly; Troubleshooting
Lecture 3 & 4: Operating System and Application Software:
– Hardware and Software– Systems Software and Application Software– Features of a widely used operating environment such as MS
WINDOWS, UNIX or LINUX– Comparison of operating environments; Various File Systems– Application Software and APIs– Troubleshooting
Lecture Topics
Course Content
Lecture 5 & 6: UNIX/LINUX: – Introduction to UNIX Architecture– UNIX File System and Access Control – UNIX Commands – Troubleshooting
Lecture 7 & 8: Computer Networking: – Introduction to Computer Networks and Network Applications – Components of a Network (Physical Media, Switch, Router etc.) – IP addressing; Introduction to TCP/IP– Wireless Networks – Network Architecture (Campus, Residential and Corporate Networks)
– Troubleshooting
Lecture Topics
Course Content
Lecture 9: Computing Environment: – Client Server Architecture– Desktops, Works Stations, Servers & Clusters– Diskless Clients– Storage and Backup– Data Center Setup
Lecture 10 & 11: Internet and Internet Applications: – Internet Architecture– How the Web works– Google Architecture – Working of DNS, Email, WWW, Proxy– Troubleshooting
Lecture Topics
Course Content
Lecture 12 & 13: Computer and Network Security – Security Threats (Hacking, DoS attacks, Mail Spam, Malware, Phishing
etc.)– Firewall– Unified Threat Management– Wireless security
Assignment Topics
Course Content
There will be thirteen take home assignments
All the assignments have been designed to give you hands on experience on the topics being covered in the lectures.
You are expected to use your personal laptop to do the assignments
References which will be helpful in the assignments will be provided in the course website.
References
Course References
The course slides, assignments and references will be available at http://home.iitk.ac.in/~navi/iiitdcourse
Online on the Web
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
Computing Infrastructure Components
Components
ServersClientsLANInternet ConnectivitySoftwareStorageBackup Security
Computation
DataManagement
Network
Integration is the Key !
Computer Model
Computer
Input: keyboard, mouse, scanner, punch cardsProcessing: CPU executes the computer programOutput: monitor, printer, fax machineStorage: hard drive, optical media, diskettes,
magnetic tape
Computer Components
Components
CPUMemoryHard DiskMother Board CD/DVD DrivesAdaptorsPower SupplyDisplayKeyboardMouseNetwork InterfaceI/O ports
CPU
CPU
CPU – Central Processing Unit (Microprocessor) consists of three parts:
Control Unit• Execute programs/instructions: the machine language• Move data from one memory location to another• Communicate between other parts of a PC
Arithmetic Logic Unit• Arithmetic operations: add, subtract, multiply, divide• Logic operations: and, or, xor• Floating point operations: real number manipulation
Registers
CPU
CPU
CPU speed is influenced by several factors:Clock speed: Megahertz, Gigahertz
Word size : 32-bit or 64-bit word sizes
Cache: Level 1, Level 2 caches
Instruction set size
Single Core/Multi Core
CPU
CPU
Desktop Processor: Intel (Pentium) Core 2 Duo/Quad, AMD Athelon (Dual/Quad Core)
Mobile Processor: Intel (Centrino 2) Core 2 Duo, AMD Turion (Dual Core)
Server Processor: Intel Xeon Quad Core, AMD Optron Quad Core, RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer): IBM Power PC, SUN SPARC ..
Atom Processor
MEMORY
Memory
ROM: For BIOS (Basic Input Output System)
CMOS RAM: Battery-backed memory used to store system specific parameters required by the system BIOS to boot. It also stores the system clock information.
RAM: Dynamic RAM and used for storing Data and programs which disappear after task completed or power turned off
Size: ex. 512MB, 2 GB ..Speed: ex. 533MHz, 667 MHz ..Type: ex. DDR2/3 SDRAM (Double Data Rate Synchronous RAM) Packaging: DIMM, SIMM…
Cache: Static RAM attached to the CPU and used for storing current data. L1, L2, L3 Cache
HARD DISK
Hard Disk
Magnetic storage device. It stores data by magnetizing particles on a disk.
Used to store operating system, application software, utilities and data.
Metal, plastic, or glass platter(s)
2 magnetic surfaces/platter 1 or more platters per
spindle 3,600 – 15,000 rpm 1 head/platter Head(s) move in and out
HOW DATA IS ORGANIZED ON DISK
Hard Disk
Tracks- Circular areas of the disk Length of a track one
circumference of disk Over 1000 on a hard disk Data first written to outer
most track Sectors-
Divides tracks sections Cylinders-
Logical groupings of the same track on each disk surface in a disk unit
Clusters- Groups of sectors used by
operating system 64 sectors in one cluster
Data stored in blocks (pages) of .5 to 8 KB
HARD DISK
Hard Disk
IDE: Obsolete, also called PATA (Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment ), I/O Rate: 16 MB/s originally later 33, 66, 100 and 133 MB/s ,
SATA (Serial ATA): Used in Desktops/Laptops, I/O Rate: 1.5/3 Gbps, 5400/7200 RPM
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface ): Used in Servers, 10/15K RPM, I/O Rate: 160/320 MB/s
SAS (Serial Attached SCSI ): Used in Servers, 10/15K RPM, I/O Rate: 3 Gbps
FC (Fiber Channel): I/O Rate 4 Gbps, Expensive and used in
Storage iSCSI: I/O Rate 4 Gbps, Expensive and used in Storage
Solid State Drive: non-volatile flash memory
HARD DISK
Hard Disk
Low-level format- organizes both sides of each platter into tracks and sectors to define where items will be stored on the disk.
Partitioning: divide hard disk into separate areas called partitions; each partition functions as if it were a separate hard disk drive.
High-level format: defines the file allocation table (FAT) for each partition, which is a table of information used to locate files on the disk.
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