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Development of breeding strategies for environmentally friendly agriculture –
one of the major research goals in Priekuli
Arta Kronberga, Linda Legzdina , Aina KokareState Priekuli Plant Breeding Institute
Vienošanās Nr. 2009/0218/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/09/APIA/VIAA/099
“Development, improvement and implementation of environmentally friendly and sustainable crop breeding technologies”
2009-2012European Social Fund co-financed project
Main goal: To create group of researchers for joint and
comprehensive research
Number of organic farms in 2011
3 213
2 600
1 356
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
Latvia (LV) Lithuania (LT) Estonia (EE)
Main focus on breeding for organic farming Project partners:
State Priekuli Plant Breeding Institute State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute University of Latvia,
Faculty of Biology Faculty of Medicine
Crops: potato, winter wheat, oat, barley, winter triticale, rye
Main research activities
1. Development of methods for evaluation of breeding material
2. Evaluation of selection efficiency in breeding for organic farming if selection is done under organic or under conventional growing conditions
3. Association mapping of important traits and development of molecular markers (barley)
4. Evaluation of efficiency of genetic diversity in breeding for organic farming (mixtures and populations of different genotypes, barley and winter wheat)
Main research activities (in detail)
1. Development of methods for evaluation of breeding material: Detection of resistance to diseases and pests, including
MAS and pyramiding of resistance genes (potato, barley) Competitiveness against weeds (cereals) Nutrient use efficiency Plant development rate (potato) Stability and adaptability of yield in different growing
conditions (field trials in 2-3 locations in Latvia, in organic and conventional growing conditions)
Identification of biologically active compounds essential for human health – vitamins, amino-acids, fatty acids, beta-glucans, glycoalkaloids, lunasin etc. (comparison between organic/conventional farming);
Possibilities to use NIR technologies in selection: cooperation with Jõgeva PBI
Some preliminary research results
Elaborated or adapted methodologies for MAS: Potato resistance to late blight (R1 and R3 resistance
genes) Potato resistance to nematodes (G. Rostochiensis, H1
un Gro1 resistance genes) Barley resistance to powdery mildew (pyramiding of
mlo and Mla genes)
Some preliminary research results
Detection of lunasin in cereals: a novel, cancer-preventive, anti-
inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing 43-amino-acid peptide
Purpose of study: to compare content of lunasin in different cereal species as well as to evaluate lunasin level in barley grown in organic and conventional farming systems
Triticale was the most lunasin-rich cereal, displaying the lunasin content from 0.42 to 6.46 mg g-1 of grain
Some preliminary research results
BARLEY (Priekuli)
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'10, '11
'10, '11
'11
'10
'11
'10, '11
'11
'10
'10, '11
'10, '11
'10
'10, '11
'11
'11
'11
'11
'10
-0,6 -0,4 -0,2 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8
Grain yield
Maturity (GS 92), days from sowing
Plant height (GS 90-92)
Coefficient of productive tillering
Number of productive stems
Heading (GS 50-52), days from sowing
Canopy height (GS 47-51)
Flag leaf width (GS 47-51)
Growth habit (GS 39)
Canopy height (GS 31-32)
Growth habit (GS 25-29)
Field germination
Weed ground cover(crop GS 31-39)
Weed ground cover(crop GS 51-65)
Weed ground cover(crop GS 90-92)
p<0,05
Plant traits providing competitive ability against weeds:
Some preliminary research results
Development of molecular markers through association mapping: Phenotyping of 154 diverse barley genotypes: 2
organic, 2 conventional environments, 3 years Genotyping Traits relevant for organic farming: early vigour,
plant growth habit, leaf attitude, ability to form yield and accumulate protein in grain under organic farming, infection with diseases etc.
Association mapping: on the way
Some preliminary research results
Barley resistance to Fusarium head blight: phenotyping of RIL mapping population:
10-2
0
20-3
0
30-4
0
40-5
0
50-6
0
60-7
0
70-8
0
80-9
00
5
10
15
20
25
FHB severity, %
Nu
mb
er o
f lin
es
0-30
30-6
0
60-9
0
90-1
20
120-
150
150-
180
180-
2100
5
10
15
20
25
30
FHB progress, AUDPC
Nu
mb
er o
f lin
es
Frequency distribution of FHB severity, % (2010) and FHB progress, AUDPC (2011) of the RIL population Fontana/ND 1646
Some preliminary research results
Populations and mixtures: no clear advantages under organic farming conditions found after 2 year trials
Thank You for attention!
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