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Diabetes What Employers Need to Know
Rhonda K. Carr, RD, LD, CDE
Midland Memorial Hospital
Diabetes and Nutrition Learning Center
What is Diabetes?
• What is diabetes? • Insulin – shortage or inability to use insulin
• Three types of diabetes:
• Type 1
• Type 2
• Gestational Diabetes
What are the numbers?
• 25.8 million Americans have diabetes (8.3%) . Of these, 7.0 million are undiagnosed.
• In Texas the rate is 9.7%. In Midland County ~13,000-14,000 people
• If current trends continue, 1 in 3 U.S. adults will have diabetes by 2050
CDC: Diabetes at a Glance 2011
What are the costs?
• Annual economic cost of diabetes in 2007 was $174 billion
• Direct medical costs in 2007: $116 billion
• Indirect costs (related to disability, work loss, premature death) in 2007: $58 billion
CDC: Diabetes at a Glance 2011
Why so costly?
• Among adults, diabetes is the leading cause of new cases of• Blindness• Kidney failure• Amputations – not related to accidents or injury
• On average, medical expenses for a person with diagnosed diabetes are more than double the expenses of a person without diabetes.
Who is at risk for Type 2 DM?
• Age - Over 30 years of age and overweight or over 45
• Obesity and physical inactivity
• Family history of Type 2 DM
• Personal history of gestational diabetes
• Hispanic/Latino, African American, American Indian or Asian American heritage
CDC: Diabetes at a Glance 2011
What are the warning signs?
• Excessive thirst or hunger
• Frequent urination
• Extreme weakness or fatigue
Texas Diabetes Council
Warning signs?
• Cuts or sores that are slow to heal
• Blurred vision
• Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
• Frequent infections (skin, dental, or urinary tract infections)
Texas Diabetes Council
How can the Diabetes Center at MMH help you and your employees?
•Education
7 Healthcare Behaviors
• Being Active
• Healthy Eating
• Medication Taking
• Monitoring Blood Glucose
• Problem Solving
• Reducing Risk
• Living with Diabetes
American Association of Diabetes Educators
Being Active
• Improves cholesterol• Reduces stress• Prevents osteoporosis• Lowers blood glucose• Helps with sleep• Boosts the immune
system• Weight management
Healthy Eating
• Change habits
• Learn to read labels/carb count
• Eat less fat and choose better fat
• Lose weight if needed
• Consider vending options
Taking Medications
• Expensive medications
• Multiple medications
• Insulin or other injectable medications
• Side effects of medications
Monitoring Your Blood Glucose
• Meters & Supplies• When• What does it tell you?• Keep a log and take to
your doctor
Problem Solve
• Use BG numbers to problem solve• Food/carbohydrate• Exercise• Medication• Stress• Illness
Reducing Risk
• Short Term Complications
• Low blood sugar
• High blood sugar
Long Term Complications
• Vision
• Kidneys
• Feet – pain, numbness, wounds
• Heart
• Emotional health – depression, anxiety, stress
• Sexual dysfunction
Check your feet daily
Check for cuts, blisters, red spots, swelling
ingrown toenails and foot ulcers.
Know your ABC’s
• A – A1C
• B – Blood Pressure
• C - Cholesterol
Diabetes and Nutrition Learning Center
• Medical Nutrition Therapy – 1 to 1 visit with a registered dietitian – Medicare covers 3 hours per year
• Diabetes Self Management Classes• Series of 3 classes plus an individualized
assessment of learning needs
• Offer instruction in Spanish
Call 522-3045
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