dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM Cultivation in Konkan Region.pdf ·...

dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM

dksd.k lqxa/kk dksd.k Lokn

dksd.k Jhearh

dksd.k rstiRrk

izks Vsª e/;s gGnhph vfHko`/nh

dkGhfejhojhy djik jksx

nkyfpuhojhy djik jksx

tk;QGkojhy ‘ksaMsej jksx

[kksMek’kh %

;k fdMhph vGh uohu ok<.kkÚ;k Qka|k@QqVos iks[kjrss- R;keqGs uohu dksac ejrks-

;k fdMheqGs toGtoG 50&60 VDds uqdlku gksrs- fdMhpk izknqHkkZo uksOgsacje/;s lq# gksÅu

ekpZ&,fizye/;s tkLr gksrks- esysyh [kksMs dk<wu u"V djkohr- Mk;esFkks,V fdaok fDoukyQkWl

0-05VDdsph Qokj.kh djkoh-

Ekkok %

ekok gh fdM dV~Vs jksxkpk izlkj djrs- viw.kkZoLFksrhy@iw.kkZoLFksrhy fdMh dksoG;k

ikukarhy o [kksMkrhy jl ’kks"krkr- ifj.kkeh dksoGh ikyoh o [kksMs lqdrkr-

Mk;esFkks,V fdaok QkWLQkWesMkWu 0-05VDds Qokjys vlrk ;k fdMhps fu;a=.k gksrs-

lq=d`eh %

lq=d`ehaeqGs eqGkaoj xkBh fuekZ.k gksrkr- ifj.kkeh >kM fioGs iMw ykxrs o

dkykarjkus lqdrs-

dkcksZQ;qjku 3th 15 fdyks- izrh gsDVj ;k izek.kkr jksis mxoY;kuarj 10 fnolkauh

tfeuhr felGkos-o"kkZrwu nksu osGk izfr >kM 500 xzWe ;kizek.ks fuacksGh isaM |koh-

dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM

ys[kd % MkW- vkj- th- [kkaMsdj

MkW- ch- vkj- lkGoh

Jh- ;q- ch- isBs

MkW- vkj- vkj- jkBksM

fufeZrh lgk¸; % MkW- Ogh- ,l- nslkbZ

eq[ki`”B o VkbZi lsVhax % Jh- fodkl eqyq[k

Jh- izfrd f’kxo.k

Jh- lfpu xqjo

izdk’kd % MkW- lat; Hkkos]

lapkyd] foLrkj f’k{k.k]

MkW- ck- lk- dksd.k Ñf”k fo|kihB]

nkiksyh] ft- jRukfxjh-

osclkbZV % www.dbskkv.org

MkW- ril HkV~Vkpk;Z

dqyxq:]

MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksad.k Ñf”k fo|kihB] nkiksyh-

izLrkouk

egkjk”Vª jkT;kP;k dksd.k foHkkxkr dkGhfejh] yoax] nkyfpuh] tk;QG ;k

cgqof”kZ; elkyk fidkaps mRiknu ?ksrys tkrs- dksd.kke/;s ;k elkyk fidkph ykxoM

eq[;r% ukjG] lqikjhP;k ckxkae/;s dsyh tkrs- uohu r;kj gks.kkÚ;k rlsp tqU;k ckxk elkyk

fidkaP;k ykxoMhl mRre vkgsr-

[MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñf”k fo|kihBkus elkyk ykxoMhckcr l[kksy

la’kks/ku d:u ‘ksrdÚ;kauk fofo/k f’kQkjlh dsY;k vkgsr- ;kf’kok; brj elkyk fidkaP;k

ykxoMhckcr ekfgrh ns.;kpk iz;Ru dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- ;k loZ ckchaph ‘ksrdÚ;kauk o

foLrkj dk;ZdR;kZauk ekfgrh miYkC/k gks.;klkBh fo|kihBkP;k foLrkj f’k{k.k

lapkyuky;krQsZ ^dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM * gh iqfLrdk izdkf’kr dj.;kr ;sr

gh iqfLrdk r;kj dj.;klkBh m|ku foHkkxkrhy vf[ky Hkkjrh; lefUor elkyk fids

la’kks/ku ;kstusP;k o foLrkj f’k{k.k lapkyuky;krhy ‘kkL=Kkauh fo’ks”k esgur ?ksryh vkgs-

;k iqfLrdspk mi;ksx ‘ksrdjh cka/kokauk foLrkj vf/kdkÚ;kauk fuf’prp gksbZy vlk fo’okl

okVrks-

fnukad% 24 vkWDVkscj 2016

LFkG% vtesj] jktLFkku ¼MkW- ril HkV~Vkpk;Z½

MkW- lat; Hkkos

lapkyd]

foLrkj f’k{k.k lapkyuky;

euksxr

dksd.kke/;s ckxk;rh fidkae/;s eq[;r% ukjG] lqikjh gh nksu eq[; fids vkgsr-

dksd.kkr tsFks ik.;kph miyC/krk vkgs] rsFks ;k nksu fidkph ykxoM eksB;k izek.kkoj vkgs-

nf{k.k Hkkjrkrhy jkT;kps gokeku vkf.k egkjk”Vª jkT;kP;k dksd.k foHkkxkps gokeku lkj[ks

vlY;kus dksd.kkrgh elkyk fidkaps mRiknu O;kikjh n`”V;k ?ksrk gs fo|kfiBkus dsysY;k

la’kks/kukauh fl/n >kys vkgs- dksd.kkrhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk dkGhfejh] nkyfpuh] tk;QG] yoax ;k

fidkaP;k ykxoMhph l[kksy ekfgrh ,df=rjhR;k miyC/k Ogkoh Eg.kwu ^dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids

ykxoM * gh iqfLrdk izdkf’kr dj.;kr ;sr vkgs-

gh iqfLrdk r;kj dj.;klkBh m|kufo|k foHkkxkP;k vf[ky Hkkjrh; lefUor elkyk

fids la’kks/ku ;kstusP;k ‘kkL=Kkauh rlsp foLrkj f’k{k.k lapkyuky;krhy MkW- fot; nslkbZ ;kauh

fo’ks”k ifjJe ?ksrys vkgsr- ;k iqfLrdspk mi;ksx ‘ksrdjh foLrkj dk;ZdrsZ ;kauk fuf’pr gksbZy

vlk fo’okl okVrks-

LFkG% vtesj] jktLFkku ¼MkW- lat; Hkkos½

MkW- dkarhiqMh fueZy ckcw

Mk;jsDVj vkf.k izdYi leUo;d]

Hkkjrh; elkyk fids vuqla/kku laLFkku] dkfydr

euksxr

vf[ky Hkkjrh; elkyk fids la’kks/ku izdYi] nkiksyh gs elkyk fidkaoj dke dj.kkjs

egkjk”Vªkrhy ,deso la’kks/ku dasnz vkgs- egkjk”Vªkr elkyk fidk[kkyh lqekjs 1-23 yk[k

gsDVj {ks= vlwu mRiknu lqekjs 1-30 yk[k Vu brds vkgs- MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñ“kh

fo|kihB] nkiksyh varxZr ;k la’kks/ku izdYikus elkyk fidkaP;k ‘ksrdÚ;kauk mi;ksxh

vl.kkÚ;k fofo/k tkrh fodflr dsY;k vkgsr- R;kpcjkscj la’kks/kukoj vk/kkjhr

e’kkxrhP;k] vfHko`f/kP;k vkf.k dhM o jksx fu;a=.kkP;k fofo/k f’kQkj’kh dj.;kr vkY;k

vkgsr- ;k la’kks/kukeqGs egkjk”Vªkrhy fo’ks”kr% dksd.kkrhy elkyk fidkaP;k ykxoMh[kkyhy

{ks=kr ok< gksr vkgs-

eh ;klkBh vkuanh vkgs dh] ^dksd.kkrhy elkyk fids ykxoM *;k iqfLrd¢r

dksd.kkrhy ‘ksrdÚ;kauk dkGhfejh] nkyfpuh] tk;QG] yoax ;k fidkaP;k ykxoMhph

l[kksy ekfgrh ,df=rjhR;k ns.;kr vkyh vkgs-vf[ky Hkkjrh; elkyk fids la’kks/ku dasnz

nkiksyh dasnzkojhy ‘kkL=Kkauh dsysY;k ;k LrqR; iz;Rukapk uDdhp egkjk”Vªkrhy elkyk

ckxk;rnkj ‘kssrdÚ;kauk Qk;nk gksbZy- eh ‘kkL=Kkaps vfHkuanu djrks vkf.k R;kauh r;kj

dsysY;k ;k cgqeqY; iqfLrd¢pk uDdhp Ñ“kh foLrkj dk;kZl gkrHkkj ykxsy v’kh vk’kk O;Dr

djrks-

LFkG% vtesj] jktLFkku ¼MkW- ds- fueZy ckcw ½

vuqØef.kdk

v-Ø- fo”k; iku ua-

1 dkGhfejhph ykxoM 1

2 tk;QG ykxoM

3 nkyfpuh ykxoM

4 osyph ykxoM ra=Kku

5 yoax ykxoM

6 dksde ykxoM

7 gGn ykxoM ra=Kku

8 vkys ykxoM ra=Kku

9 gGnhph izks Vªs jksikokVhdk vkf.k mRiknu r=Kku

10 yk[khckx ra=Kku

11 tk;QG lkyhiklwu fVdkÅ inkFkZ

12 gGnhojhy izfØ;k ra=Kku

13 dkGhfejh dk<.kh ik’pkr ra=Kku

14 dkGhfejhojhy jksx vkf.k R;kaps O;oLFkkiu

15 tk;QG] nkyfpuh o yoaxkojhy jksx vkf.k R;kaps

O;oLFkkiu

16 elkyk fidkaojhy fdMh vkf.k R;kaps fu;a=.k

dkGhfejhph ykxoM

dkGhfejh mRiknukr l/;k Hkkjr txkr frlÚ;k dzekadkoj vkgs- Hkkjrkr lqekjs

80]000 Vu brdh fejh fidfoyh tkrs- l/;kps Hkkjrkrhy izfr gsDVjh mRiUUk lqekjs 410

fdyks brds vkgs- fQfyikbUl] czk>hy b- ns’kkaph mRikndrk Hkkjrkis{kk Qkjp vf/kd vkgs-

fejhph eq[;ihd Eg.kwu ykxoM dsY;kl lqekjs 1100 fdyks okGysyh fejh izfr gsDVjh feGrs-

,dV;k dsjG jkT;kr fejhps 96 VDds mRiknu gksrs- dukZVd] rkfeGukMw] xksok] vklke]

if’pe caxky] xqtjkr o ikWMspjh e/;sgh dkGhfejh fidfoyh tkrs- egkjk"V~kr fo’ks"k d#u

dksd.kkr fejhph Qkj tquh ykxoM fnlwu ;srs- fejhph mRikndrk mRre jk[k.;kP;k n`"Vhus

lq/kkjhr i/nrhus ykxoM o e’kkxr dj.ks vko’;d vkgs-

gokeku o tehu

dkGhfejh gs m".k o neV gokekukr ok<.kkjs ihd vkgs- 2500&3000 fe-yh-

ikÅl fejhyk ekuorks- R;krgh ikÅl tkLrhr tkLr o"kZHkj fo[kqjysyk vlsy rj vf/kd

pkaxyk- osykP;k mRre ok<hlkBh 16&380 ls- rkieku vko’;d vkgs- ;k fidkl 100

ls- is{kk deh vkf.k 400 ls- is{kk tkLr rkieku ekuor ukgh- leqnz likVhiklwu 500

ehVj maph Ik;Zr gs ihd pkaxys ok<rs- dksd.kkrhy gokeku dkGhfejhP;k ykxoMhlkBh vR;ar

vuqdqy o iks"kd vkgs-

mRre fupjk gks.kkjh tehu fejh ykxoMhlkBh fuoMkoh- ;k tfeuhr Hkjiwj vUUknzO;s

vkf.k lsanzh; nzO;s vl.ks vko’;d vkgs- vfr foEy fdaok vkEy;qDr tfeu fuoMw u;sr- T;k

tfeuhr ikolkG;kr ik.kh okjaokj lkprs v’kk tehuh fuoMw u;sr-

lq/kkjhr tkrh

dkGhfejhph ykxoM gh Qkj iqohZiklwu dksd.kkr vkgs dkGhfejhP;k iUU;wj 1 rs 8]

’;ke] iapeh] iqf.kZek] djheaqMk] Jhdkjk] ’kqHkdkjk v’kk fofo/k tkrh vkgs- fdQk;r’khj mRiUu

feG.;kP;k n`"Vhus vf/kd mRiUu ns.kkÚ;k lq/kkjhr tkrhaph ykxoM dj.ks vko’;d vkgs-

dksd.kkrhy gokekukr iUU;wj&1 gh ladjhr tkr vf/kd mRiUu nsrs Eg.kwu fon;kfiBkus

ykxoMhlkBh ;k tkrhph f’kQkjl dsyh vkgs- ;k tkrhP;k izfr osykiklwu 2-5 fdyks dkG;k

fejhps mRiknu feGrs- fejhP;k nk.;kr 3-5 VDds rsy vlrs- vrh lkoyhP;k fBdk.kh ;k

tkrhP;k mRiUUkkoj foijhr ifj.kke gksrks-

vfHko`/nh

loZlk/kkj.ki.ks fejhph vfHko`/nh Qscqzokjh rs ,fizyP;k dkyko/khr NkV dyekaiklwu

djrkr- r;kj dsysyh NkV dyes lkoyhe/;s Bsowu R;kauk fu;fer ik.kh |kos- NkV dyekauk

lqekjs 20 fnolkauarj /kqekjs QqV.;kl lq#okr gksrs- pkaxyh ok<ysyh NkV dyes ykxoMhlkBh

okijkohr-

MkW- ckGklkgsr lkoar dksad.k d`f"k fo|kihB] nkiksyhus fejhph NkV dyes tyn xrhus

dj.;klkBh vfHko`/nhph ^ekrhpk mapoVk i/nr* fodflr dsyh vkgs- ;k i/nrhe/;s ekrhpk 2-

5 eh x 0-6 eh- ¼45 va’kkpk mrkj Bsouw½ vkdkjkpk <hx dsyk tkrks- ;k f<xkP;k ik;F;k’kh

15 lsa-eh- varjkoj eqGs QqVysY;k fejhP;k NkV dyekaph ykxoM dsyh tkrs- rq"kkj flapu

i/nrhus ;k fejhyk o f<xkoj ik.kh fnys tkrs- ;k i/nrhus ,dk osyhiklwu lqekjs 73 eqGs

QqVysysyh NkV dyes feGrkr o ykxoM dsY;koj R;kaps tx.;kps izek.k 100 VDds vlrs-

;kizdkjs NkV dyekaph vfHko`/nh dsY;kl feG.kk&;k mRiUUkkP;k fdaerhph rqyuk dsY;kl R;kps

izek.k 2-07%1 Eg.ktsp nqIiVhis{kk tkLr vlwu rsp izek.k ikjaikfjd i/nrhe/;s 1-29%1 vls

vk<Gwu vkys vkgs-

YkkxoM

fejhph ykxoM rhu i/nrhus dsyh tkrs- Lora=i.ks ykxoM] ukjG o lqikjhP;k ckxsr

feJfid ykxoM] rlsp ijlckxsr ns[khy fejhph ykxoM djrk ;srs-

v½ Lora=i.ks fejh ykxoM

fejh osykyk lkoyh o vk/kkj ;kaph vko’;drk vlrs Eg.kwup Lora= fejhP;k

ykxoMhlkBh vk/kkjkP;k >kMkaph ykxoM djkoh- fcudkVsjh ikaxkjk] flYoj vksd HksaM vFkok

eWft;e v’kk >kMkaph 3 eh x 3 eh varjkoj fejh ykxoMhiwohZ fdeku 6&10 efgus vk/kh

ykxoM djkoh- v’kkizdkjs ykxoM dsyh vlrk fejhps mRiUu o izrh gsDVjh mRikndrk eskB;k

izek.kkoj ok<w ‘kdsy-

c½ ukjG o lqikjh ckxsr vkarjfid

ukjG o lqikjh ckxsr fejh mRre izdkjs ;sÅ ’kdrs- ek= ;k ykxoMhr ;ksX; varj

vl.ks vko’;d vkgs- ukjG ckxsr 7-5 eh x 7-5 eh rj lqikjh e/;s 2-7 eh x 2-7 eh

varj vl.ks vko’;d vkgs-

d½ ijlckxsr fejhph ykxoM

ijl ckxsrhy vusd >kMkaoj fejh osy p<ork ;srkr- Q.kl] ukjG] vkack] lqikjh]

rlsp ijl ckxsrhy brj >kMkaoj fejh ykxoM djrk ;srs ek= ;k fBdk.kh iqjslk lw;Zizdk’k

¼fdeku 50 VDds½ vl.ks vko’;d vkgs-

fejh ykxoMhph iwoZ r;kjh

fejh ykxoM ikolkG;kP;k vxnh lq#okrhyk twu efgU;ke/;s fdaok ikolkGk lairk

lairk vkWxLV&lIVsacj efgU;kr djkoh- ykxoMhlkBh vk/kkjkP;k >kMkiklwu fdeku 45 lsa-eh-

rs 1 eh varj lksMwu 60 x 60 x 60 lsa-eh- vkdkjkps [kM~Ms [k.kkosr- iwoZ o mRrj fn’ksyk gs

[kM~Ms [k.kkosr- pkaxyh ekrh] ‘ks.k[kr ¼2 rs 3 ?kesyh½ o v/kkZ fdyks flaxy lqij QkWLQsV Vkdwu

[kM~Ms iw.kZ Hk#u ?;kosr- [kM~M;kae/;s eqGs QqVysyh nksu fejhph NkV dyes izR;sd >kMktoG

¼[kaqVktoG½ ykokohr-

NkV dyes yko.ks

fejh dyes ykorkuk dkGthiwoZd ykokohr- dyekP;k fi’kO;k CysM] pkdw fdaok rRle

/kkjnkj ’kL=kus dkiwu vyxni.ks ekrhpk xM~Mk u QksMrk fejh dye IyWLVhd fi’kohiklwu vyx

djkos- ykxoMhlkBh HkjysY;k [kM~M;kP;k e/;Hkkxh dyekP;k ekrhapk xksGk clsy brdh ekrh

[kM~M;krwu dk<wu ?;koh- dyekph ykxoM djkoh- cktwph ekrh gkrkus pkaxY;k izdkjs nkckoh-

’kD;rks ykorkuk fi’kohrhy ekrhP;k ojhy ,d rs nksu osykps isj gs tfeuhr iqjkosr- rlsp

ikolkps ik.kh lkpw u;s Eg.kwu osyktoG ekrhph Hkj |koh o osykyk vk/kkjklkBh dkBh ykokoh-

vkarje’kkxr o fuxk

fejh gs ckxk;rh fid vkgs- ikolkGk laiY;koj fejh osykl ik.kh iqjoB;kph lks;

djkoh- vk/kkjkps >kM tj ukjG fdaok lqikjh vlsy rj ik.kh iqjoBk djrkuk fo’ks"k vMp.k ;sr

ukgh- Lora=i.ks ykxoM djrkuk ek= Lora= ik.kh iqjoB;kph O;oLFkk djkoh ykxsy- fBcd

vFkok ek;dzksfLizaDyj ;k lq/kkjhr i/nrhpk okij ik.kh iqjoB;klkBh dj.ks b"V vkgs- fejhph ok<

tksenkj gks.;klkBh o pkaxys mRiUu feG.;klkBh fejhyk [krkpk iqjoBk dj.ks vR;ko’;d Bjrs-

lsanzh; [kr vFkok lsanzh; vf/kd jklk;fud v’kk dks.kR;kgh izdkjs fnys rjh pkyrs- iw.kZ

ok<ysY;k ,dk fejhP;k >kMkyk frl&;k o"kkZiklwu 10 fdyks ’ks.k[kr] 150 xzWe u=] 75

xzWe LQqjn o 150 xzWe ikyk’k ns.ks vko’;d vkgs- [krkph ek=k o"kkZrwu nksunk vkWxLV vkf.k

Qsczqokjh efgU;kr foHkkxwu |koh- ykxoM dsY;koj ifgY;k o"khZ ojhy ek=sP;k ,d r`fr;ka’k

rj nql&;k o"khZ nksu r`fr;ka’k ek=k |koh- [kr ns.;klkBh fejhP;k lHkksokj osykiklwu fdeku

30 lsa-eh- varj lksMwu 15 rs 20 lsa-eh- #anhpk mFkG pj dk<wu R;kr [kr |kos-

fejh lHkksorh lkrR;kus vkPNknu Bsokos- vk/kkjkP;k >kMkaph xGwu iMysyh ikus]

xor ;kapk okij djkok- vkPNknu dsY;kus ik.;kph cpr gksrs] r.k ok<r ukgh vkf.k osyhph

ok< vR;ar pkaxyh gksrs- fejhP;k osykauk >kMkoj ¼[kqaVkoj½ p<si;Zr lSy cka/kkos- rlsp R;k

osykph maph 5&6 ehVjis{kk tkLr ok<w nsÅ u;s-

ikolkG;kr fejh ckxse/;s ik.kh lkBwu jkgw u;s ;kckcr n{krk ?;koh-

dk<.kh o mRiUUk

ykxoM dsY;kuarj rhu o"kkZuarj mRiUUk lq# gksrs- es&twu efgU;ke/;s rqjs ;srkr rj

tkusokjh rs ekpZ ;k dkyko/khr fejhps ?kksl dk<.;klkBh r;kj gksrkr- ?kkslke/khy ,d rs

nksu e.kh fioGs vxj ukjaxh jaxkps >kY;kuarj R;k osykojhy loZ ?kksl dk<kosr- dk<ysY;k

?kkslkrhy fejhps nk.ks vyx djkosr vkf.k gs nk.ks mdGR;k ik.;kph izfdz;k d:u mUgkr

okGokosr- lqekjs lkr rs ngk fnol nk.ks mUgkr okGokos ykxrkr- dkGhfejh r;kj

dj.;klkBh lq/kkjhr i/nr fodflr dsyh vkgs- ;k i/nrhr fejh nk.ks okGo.;kiwohZ mdGR;k

ik.;kr ,d feuhV cqMowu dk<rkr- ;k i/nrhps vusd Qk;ns vk<Gys vkgsr-

1- fejhps nk.ks nksu rs rhu fnolkrp okGrkr-

2- nk.;kauk vkd"kZd dkGk jax ;srks-

3- cqj’kheqGs lkBo.k djrkuk nk.;kaps uqdlku gksr ukgh-

4- fejh nk.;kaph izr lq/kkjrs-

’kaHkj fdyks fgjO;k fejhiklwu lqekjs 33 fdyks dkGhfejh feGrs- fgjO;k fejhpk okij

ns[khy yks.kP;klkj[ks inkFkZ dj.;klkBh dsyk tkrks- fejh iklwup ika<jh fejh ns[khy r;kj

djrkr- ;qjksfi;u ns’kkr fu;kZr dj.;klkBh g;k fejhyk eksB;k izek.kkoj ekx.kh vlrs- dsanzh;

vUu ra=Kku la’kks/ku laLFkk ;kauh ika<jh fejh dj.;kph i/nr la’kksf/kr dsyh vkgs- ;k i/nrhr

iw.kZ iDo >kysys ¼yky@ukjaxh jaxkps½ nk.ks mdGR;k ik.;kr 25 rs 30 fefuVs mdGorkr fdaok

okQorkr- uarj rs iYiha e’khu e/;s ?kkywu R;kaph ojph lky dk<yh tkrs- lky dk<Y;kuarj

nk.ks fCyphax ikoMjP;k nzko.kkr ?kkyrkr vkf.k uarj okGorkr- ;k i/nrhr nk.;kaph lky QqdV

tkr ukgh vkf.k lkyhiklwu fejh rsy dk<rk ;srs- ika<Ú;k fejhpk mrkjk lqekjs 25 VDds brdk

;srks-

mRiUUk

fejhP;k ,dk osykiklwu lqekjs 2 rs 3 fdyks okGysY;k fejhps mRiUUk 5&6 o"kkZP;k iq<s

feGrs- mRiUUk frlÚ;k o"khZ lq# gksrs o gGwgGw R;kr ok< gksrs-

tk;QG ykxoM

tk;QG gs ,d map ok<.kkjs elkY;kps lnki.khZ >kM vkgs- lqekjs 170 o"kkZiwohZ bZLV

bafM;k daiuhus gs >kM Hkkjrkr vk.kys- Hkkjrke/;s tk;QGkph ykxoM eq[;r% dsjG]

rkfeGukMw vkf.k egkjk"Vªkrhy dksd.k foHkkxke/;s vk<Gwu ;srs- Hkkjrkrhy tk;QG

ykxoMh[kkyhy {ks= 5350 gsDVj vlwu] R;kiklwu 2890 Vu ,o<s mRiknu feGrs] rj R;kph

mRikndrk 54-02 fd-xzW- izfr gsDVj ,o<h vkgs-

tk;QGke/;s uj o eknh >kMs osxosxGh vlrkr- tk;QG ckxse/;s lqekjs 50 VDds

>kMs eknh] 45 VDds >kM uj o 5 VDds la;qDr Qqys vl.kkjh >kMs fu?krkr- tk;QGkph QGs

fpdwP;k vkdkjkph i.k xqGxqGhr o fioGlj jaxkph vlrkr- QGkaP;k VjQykpk mi;ksx

eqjkack] dWUMh] yks.kps] pV.kh b- fVdkÅ inkFkZ r;kj dj.;klkBh gksrks- tk;QGkpk mi;ksx

feBkbZ Lokfn"V dj.;klkBh rlsp tk;i=hpk mi;ksx elkY;kr dsyk tkrks- tk;QGkrhy

rsykpk mi;ksx vkS"k/k] lkc.k] VwFkisLV] pkWdysV b- mRiknukr dsyk tkrks-

gokeku o tehu

tk;QG gs m".kdfVca/kh; ihd vlwu] leqnzlikVhiklwu 1000 ehVj maphi;ZUr

ikolkph O;ofLFkr foHkkx.kh vlsy] v’kk 1500 rs 3000 fe-eh- i;ZUr ikÅl iM.kkÚ;k

izns’kkr pkaxys ;srs- ;k fidkl o"kZHkj 70 rs 95 VDds vknzZrk vko’;d vlrs- 10va’k ls-

fdaok R;k[kkyh rlsp 40 va’k ls- is{kk tkLr rkieku ;k fidkl ekuor ukgh- ;k fidkl

lkoyhph vko’;drk vlrs- R;keqGs gs ihd ukjG&lqikjhP;k ckxsr vkarjihd Eg.kwu ?ksrys

tkrs- ukjG ckxse/;s tk;QG o brj elkyk fidkaps vkarjihd ?ksrys vlrk ukjGkP;k

mRiknukr 35&90 VDds ok<>kY;kps vk<Gwu vkyh vkgs-

fdukjiV~Vhrhy mRre fupjk gks.kkÚ;k xkGkP;k rlsp tkaH;k nxMkiklwu r;kj >kysY;k

yky tfeuhe/;s tk;QGkph ykxoM gksÅ ’kdrs- iks;V;kph vkf.k ikykikpksGk dqtwu r;kj

>kysyh tehu ;kyk pkaxyh ekuors-

tk;QG gs ,d ijijkxflaphr >kM vlY;keqGs R;kP;k >kMkae/;s fofo/krk vk<Gwu ;srs

Eg.kwu MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k d`f"k fo|kihBkus lu 1988 lkyh fuoM i/nrhus

tk;QGkph dksd.k lqxa/kk gh ifgyh tkr izlkfjr dsyh- ;k tkrhP;k iw.kZ ok<hP;k >kMkiklwu

ljkljh 500 QG o"kkZyk feGrkr- ;k tkrhe/;s uj o eknh Qqys ,dkp >kMkoj ;srkr- lu

2003 e/;s fo|kihBkus dksd.k Lokn gh nqljh tk;QGkph tkr izlkfjr dsyh- ;k tkrhiklwu

o"kkZyk ljkljh 750 QGs feGrkr-

iwoZe’kkxr

tk;QG >kMkauk lkoyhph vko’;drk vlY;kus ;k >kMkph ykxoM ukjGkP;k fdaok

lqikjhP;k ckaxke/;s djrkr ¼ 6 rs 8 ehVj varjkoj ½ ukjGkP;k ckxse;s pkj ukjGkaP;k >kMkaP;k

pkSQqyhoj 90 ls-eh- ykach] #anh o [kksyhps [kM~Ms [kksnkosr- gs [kM~Ms pkaxyh ekrh o izR;sd

[kM~M;kr 50 fd-xzW- ’ks.k[kr@daiksLV [kr felGwu Hk#u ?;kosr-

vfHko`/nh

tk;QGkph vfHko`/nh fc;kaiklwu rlsp dyes d#u djrk ;srs- tk;QG jksikae/;s

vk<Gwu ;s.kkjh fofo/krk] mRiknu lq# Ogk;yk ykx.kkjk tkLr dkyko/kh vkf.k osxosxGh uj o

eknh >kMs ;keqGs tk;QGkph ykxoM dyekOnkjs dj.ks Qk;ns’khj Bjrs-

dyekaP;k i/nrhe/;s HksV dye] e`ndk"B dye] cxy dye vkf.k vadqj dye ;k

i/nrhpk okij d#u r;kj dsysyh dyes ykxoMhlkBh okijrk ;srkr- dyes ykowu ykxoM

dsY;keqGs vkiY;kyk eknh o uj >kMkaps vko’;d izek.k ¼10%1½ jk[krk ;srs- frlÚ;k o

pkSF;k o"kkZiklwu mRiknu feGrs o vkiY;kyk ikfgts R;k xq.k/kekZps >kM fuekZ.k djrk ;srs-

r;kj >kysY;k [kM~M;kae/;s twu efgU;kr jksis@dye ykowu R;kP;k Hkksorkyph ekrh

ik;kus ?kV~V nkckoh- jksikph ykxoM djko;kph >kY;kl 1 rs 2 o"kkZps fujksxh jksi fuoMkos-

rlsp dyekOnkjs ykxoM djko;kph >kY;kl dyekapk tksM O;ofLFkr vlY;kph [kk=h djkoh

vkf.k ykxoM djrkuk tksM tfeuhoj jkghy ;kph dkGth ?;koh-

1- r.kkapk cankscLr vkf.k vkPNknu % vkko’;drsuqlkj r.kkaph dk<.kh djkoh vkf.k

tfeuhrhy ik.kh fVdfo.;klkBh o r.kkapk cankscLr dj.;klkBh tfeuhoj xorkps fdaok

dsG;kP;k ikukaps vkPNknu djkos-

2- ik.kh % tfeuhP;k exnqjkuqlkj fgokG;kr 7 rs 8 fnolkauh vkf.k mUgkG;kr 3 rs 5

fnolkauh ik.kh |kos-

3- [krs % Tkk;QG >kMkl ifgY;k o"khZ 10 fd-xzW- ’ks.k[kr@daiksLV] 50 xzWe u= ¼100 xzWe

;qfj;k½ 25 xzWe LQqjn ¼150 xzWe lqij QkWLQsV½ vkf.k 100 xzWe ikyk’k ¼200 xzWe E;qjsV

vkWQ iksVW’k ½ gh [krs |kohr- gh [krkaph ek=k njo"khZ ok<okoh- ek= 10 o"kkZuarjP;k

izR;sd >kMkl 50 fd-xzW- ’ks.k[kr] 2 fdyks ;qjh;k vkf.k 1+-5 fdyks flaxy lqij QkWLQsV

ikyk’k ¼2 fd-xzW- E;qjsV vkWQ iksVW’k½ |kos- lsafnz; [krs ,dkposGh |kohr rj jklk;fud [krs

nksu leku gIR;kr vkWxLV vkf.k tkusokjh Qsczqokjhe/;s |kohr-

Lkkoyh

tk;QGkaP;k >kMkauk lkoyhph vko’;drk vlY;kus loZlk/kkj.ki.ks tk;QGkph

ykxoM ukjG vkf.k lqikjhP;k ckxake/;s dsyh tkrs- rjhgh vko’;drk HkklY;kl lq#okrhph

nksu rs rhu o"ksZ tk;QG jksikauk @dyekauk lkoyh djkoh- lkoyhlkBh lq#okrhyk dsGh fidkph

ykxoM djkoh-

dk<.kh o mRiknu

tk;QGkP;k jksikaiklwu mRiknu feG.;kl 7 rs 8 o"kkZP;k dkyko/kh ykxrks- rj

dyekaiklwu lk/kkj.ki.ks pkSF;k o"kkZiklwu mRiknu feGw ykxrs- tk;QGkP;k Qy/kkj.ksiklwu

dk<.khi;ZUr 8 rs 10 efgU;kapk dkyko/kh ykxrks- tk;QGkyk o"kZHkj Qqys ;srkr] ijarq

tqyS&vkWxLV vkf.k Qsczqokjh&ekpZ ;k dkyko/khr QGkaph tkLr dk<.kh dsyh tkrs-

iw.kZ iDo >kysY;k QGkapk jax fioGk gksrks- rlsp VjQykl nsBkP;k fo#/n cktwl rMk

tkrks- r;kj QGs >kMko#u dk<kohr fdaok tfeuhoj iMY;kuarj xksGk djkohr- VjQys osxGh

d#u tk;i=h vyx djkoh- tk;i=h 6 rs 8 fnolkar rj tk;QGs 15 fnolkar okGrkr-

ngk o"kkZP;k >kMkiklwu njo"khZ 500 rs 800 QGs feGrkr- iapohl o"kkZP;k

>kMkiklwu njo"khZ nksu rs rhu gtkj QGs feGrkr- 25 o"kkZi;ZUr mRiknu ok<r tkrs- 60 rs

70 o"ksZ o;ki;ZUr ;k >kMkiklwu fdQk;r’khj mRiknu feGrs-

jksx o dhM

tk;QGkP;k >kMkl jksx o fdMhiklwu Qkjlk minzo gksr ukgh- Dofpr jksikaph ej]

QGdwt o Qka}kaph ej gs jksx vk<Gwu ;srkr- ;k jksxkaP;k fu;a=.kklkBh 1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkph

Qokj.kh djkoh-

nkyfpuhph ykxoM

elkyk fidkrhy nkyfpuh gs vfr’k; dkVd >kM vkgs- nkyfpuhph lky

loZlk/kkj.ki.ks elkY;klkBh okijyh tkrs- R;kpcjkscj nkyfpuhph ikus] dksoGh QGs ns[khy

elkY;kr okijrkr- vusd izdkjP;k elkY;ke/;s rlsp vkS"k/kkae/;s nkyfpuhpk okij dsyk

tkrks- Jhyadse/;s nkyfpuhP;k vusd tkrh ¼ok.k½ vk<Gwu ;srkr- Hkkjrkr nkyfpuhph

ykxoM nf{k.k Hkkjrkr dsjG] dukZVd] vka/kzizns’k ;k jkT;kae/;s >kysyh vk<Grs- vfydMs

dksd.kke/;s ns[khy ;k ihdkph ykxoM ok<w ykxyh vkgs- m".k o neV gokekukr unh

fdukÚ;kaP;k izns’kkr@rlsp m?kM;koj ns[khy nkyfpuh ok<w ’kdrs- vFkkZr ok<hP;k o

mRiUukP;k n`"Vhus v/kZoV lkoyhr Eg.kts ukjG o lqikjhP;k ckxsr nkyfpuh mRd`"V ;srs-

gokeku

m".k o neV gokeku ;k fidkyk pkaxY;k izdkjs ekuors- leqnz likVhiklwu 100eh-

maphi;ZUr nkyfpuh mRre izdkjs ;sÅ ’kdrs- o"kZHkjkr fo[kqjysyk 200&250 ls-eh- ikÅl

nkyfpuhP;k ok<hlkBh ;ksX; vkgs- vfr FkaMhP;k Eg.kts 10 ls- is{kk deh rkieku vl.kkÚ;k

izns’kkr nkyfpuhph ykxoM d# u;s- rlsp vfr m".k Eg.kts 45 ls- is{kk tkLr rkieku

vl.kkÚ;k izns’kkr nkyfpuhph ykxoM d# u;s-

fofo/k izdkjP;k tfeuhoj nkyfpuhph ykxoM ;’kLoh gksrs- ik.;kpk fupjk

O;ofLFkr u gks.kkÚ;k] [kMdkG] vfr eqjekM] [kkt.k tfeuh vFkok pqu[kMh;qDr tfeuhr

nkyfpuhph ykxoM d# u;s- dksd.kkrhy yky ekrhP;k ojdl tfeuhr] xkGkP;k tfeuhr

nkyfpuhph ykxoM mRre izdkjs gksrs- ukjG o lqikjhph ykxoM T;k tfeuhr ;’kLoh gksrs v’kk

loZ izdkjP;k tfeuhe/;s nkyfpuhph ykxoM ;’kLoh gksrs-

lq/kkjhr tkrh &

nkyfpuhP;k lkyhP;k xq.k/kekZyk vuU; lk/kkj.k egRo vkgs- nkyfpuhph lky fr[kV

vFkok okl ulysyh vlY;kl fdrhgh mRiUu feGkys rjh cktkj Hkko feGr ukgh- mRd`"V

nkyfpuhph lky ikrG vlrs o iksLVdkMkZis{kk tkM ulrs- gh pohyk xksMlj rlsp mRd`"V okl

vl.kkjh vlrs- MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñf"k fo|kihBkus nkyfpuhP;k ^dksd.k rst* o

dksd.k rstiRrk ¼ikuklkBh½ ;k tkrh fodflr dsY;k vkgsr-

dksd.k rst tkrhP;k ,dk >kMkiklwu lqekjs 250&300 xzWe lkyhps mRiUu ikpO;k

o"kkZiklwu izfr o"khZ feGrs- rlsp lqekjs 2&3 fdyks okGysyh ikus ¼rekyi=½ ns[khy feGrkr-

lkyhe/;s rsykps izek.k 3 VDds vlwu ;k rsyke/;s ;qtsukWyps izek.k 6-93VDds vlrs rj

fluWeyMhgkbZM ;k ?kVdkps izek.k 70 VDds brds vlrs-

vfHko`/nh

nkyfpuhph vfHko`/nh xqVh dyekiklwu djrk ;srs- MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñf"k

fo|kihBkus nkyfpuhph xqVh dye dj.;kph i/nr izekf.kr dsyh vkgs- xqVh dyekus r;kj

>kysY;k nkyfpuhr ewG >kMkph izr fVdwu jgkrs- g;k i/nrhr ikolkG;kP;k lq#okrhl

nkyfpuhP;k ,d gaxke tqU;k] isfUlyh brD;k vFkok FkksM;k vf/kd tkMhP;k o xMn fgjok jax

vlysY;k ’ksaM;kdMhy Qka|k fuoMkO;kr- g;k fuoMysY;k Qka|kaoj ’ksaM;kiklwu lqekjs 30 ls-eh-

varj lksMwu xqVh dye dj.;klkBh dki |kok- gk dki nsrkuk Qkanhojhy ikuk[kkyh vFkok

MksG;k[kkyh 1-5 lsa-eh- #anhph xksykdkj fjax d#u lky dk<koh- dki nsrkuk tkLr [kksy ?ksÅ

u;s- QDr lkyh brD;k [kksyhpk dki |kok- g;k dkiysY;k HkkxkP;k pkjgh cktwus ik.;kr

fHktfoysys ’ksokG ?kV~V vkoGwu R;koj IyWfLVd xqaMkGwu cka/kkos-lqekjs 45 fnolkauh xqVh

dyekauk eqGs QqVrkr- pkaxyh eqGs QqVY;kuarj xqVh dyekP;k Qka|k o ikukapk foLrkj 50 o

60 VDD;kauh deh djkok- R;klkBh xqVh dyekojhy [kkyP;k cktwph fdeku 60 VDds ikus

dk<wu Vkdkohr- eqGkojhy IyWLVhd dkiM lksMkos- gh xqVh vk/kh Hk#u BsoysY;k IyWfLVd

fi’kO;kae/;s ykokohr- xqVh dyes lqekjs efgukHkj deh lkoyhr Bsoqu osGksosGh R;kauk iqjsls

ik.kh |kos- lqekjs 4 efgU;kr xqVh dyes ykxoMhlkBh r;kj gksrkr-

nkyfpuhph ykxoM ’kD;rks ;ksX; varjkoj djkoh- nkyfpuh o"kZHkj fgjoh jgkrs o

vkiY;k ijlkph ’kksHkk ok<fors vkf.k mRiUuns[khy nsrs-

nkyfpuh ykxoMhlkBh 60 x 60 x 60 lsa-eh- vkdkjkpk [kM~Mk [k.kkok-

[kM~;ke/khy nxM xksVs] vU; >kMkaph eqGs cktwyk djkohr- ekrh cjkscjp ;k [kM~M;kr mRre

izrhps ,d ?kesys ’ks.k[kr] 2 fdyks flaxy lqij QkWLQsV o 1 fdyks fueisaM pkaxY;k izdkjs

felGwu [kM~Mk iw.kZ Hk#u ?;kok- ykxoM ’kD;rks ikolkG;kP;k lq#okrhl vFkok ikolkGk

lairkuk djkoh- vfr ikolkr ykxoM d# u;s- ykxoM djrkuk HkjysY;k [kM~M;kP;k e/kkse/k

dyekP;k gqaMh brdh ekrh dk<koh- nkyfpuhP;k dyekph fi’koh /kkjnkj pkdw vFkok

CysMP;k lgk¸;kus QkMkoh o gqaMh vyxn dk<koh- [kM~M;ke/;s gh gqaMh ykowu pkjgh cktwus

ekrh ?kV~Vi.ks nkckoh- ykxoM djrkauk eqGs nq[kkoyh tk.kkj ukghr ;kph dkGth ?;koh-

nkyfpuh dyekph ykxoM dsY;kuarj vk/kkj |kok- lHkksorh 15 lsa-eh- varj lksMwu

vkPNknu djkos- vkPNknuklkBh xor] ikykikpksGk ;kapk okij djkok-

[kr iqjoBk

nkyfpuhiklwu Hkjiwj mRiUu feG.;klkBh tksenkj ok< vko’;d vkgs- ykxoMhuarj

;ksX; [kr iqjoBk u dsY;kl mRiUu feG.;kdjhrk ykx.kkjk dkyko/kh ok<w ’kdrks- ek=

nkyfpuhph izr ns[khy frrdhp egRokph vkgs- R;kn`"Vhus ’kD;rks lsafnz; o jklk;fud v’kk

nksUgh izdkjP;k [krkapk larqfyr okij djkok-

ykxoM dsY;kuarj ifgY;k o"khZ 2 rs 3 fdyks ’ks.k[kr o 20 xzWe u=] 20 xzWe LQqjn o

20 xzWe ikyk’k |kos- ;kp izek.kkr [kr njo"khZ ok<or U;kos- ngk o"kkZuarj izR;sd nkyfpuhyk

10 fdyks ’ks.k[kr rlsp 200 xzWe u=] 200 xzWe LQqjn] 200 xzWe ikyk’k |kos- ’ks.k[kr

o"kkZrwu nksunk foHkkxwu |kos- [krs >kMkP;k lHkksokj [kksMkiklwu fdeku 30 lsa-eh- varj lksMwu

mFkG pj [k.kwu R;kr |kohr-

ik.kh iqjoBk

nkyfpuhyk tk;QG vFkok yoaxsP;k rqyusr deh ik.kh ykxrs- ukjG o lqikjh ckxsr

ykxoM dsysyh vlY;kl T;kosGh fidkauk ik.kh fnys tkrs R;kp osGsl nkyfpuhyk ik.kh

iqjoB;kph O;oLFkk djkoh- m?kM;koj ykxoM dsysyh vlY;kl 3 rs 4 fnolkauh ik.kh |kos-

dk<.kh o mRiUu

nkyfpuhph lky dk<.;klkBh >kMkP;k Qka|k rksMkO;k ykxrkr- ;ksX; dkGth ?ksryh

vlsy rj ykxoMhuarj nksu rs rhu o"kkZuh nkyfpuhps >kM dk<.;klkBh r;kj gksrs- ;kosGh

>kMkph fdeku ,d Qkanh lqekjs 150 lsa-eh- rs 175 lsa-eh- map] caq/;kph tkMh 4 rs 5 lsa-eh- o

[kksMkojhy 70 VDds lky rifdjh jaxkph vlk;yk goh-

>kM rksMkos ykxr vlY;kus dk<.khpk gaxke egRokpk Bjrks- loZlk/kkj.ki.ks uksOgsacj

rs ekpZ ;k dkyko/khr gk gaxke vlrks- gk gaxke tehu] okrkoj.k o tkrhuqlkj cnyrks-

Eg.kwup vkiY;k Hkkxkrhy gaxkekph fuf’prh d#u ?;koh- ;klkBh dk<.khl r;kj

Qkanhojhy lkyhpk ,d ygkulk rqdMk pkdwus dki nsowu dk<kok- gk lkyhpk rqdMk lgti.ks

fu?kwu vkY;kl lky dk<.khlkBh [kksM rksMkos- lgti.ks lky u vkY;kl 15 fnolkauh iqUgk

rikl.kh djkoh- tksi;ZUr lgti.ks lky lqVr ulsy rksi;ZUr >kM rksMw u;s-

Lkky lgti.ks lqVr vlY;kph fuf’prh >kY;kuarj nkyfpuhph lky dk<.;klkBh

>kM rksMkos- lky ldkGP;k osGsl dk<koh- nkyfpuhph fuoMysyh Qkanh tfeuhiklwu 25 rs

30 ls-eh- maphoj rksMkoh- cktwP;k fgjO;k ygku Qka|k yxspp rksMwu cktwyk djkO;kr- ikus

lkoyhr okGokohr- eq[; [kksMkps 30 ls-eh- vkdkjkps rqdMs osxGs d#u lky yxspp

dk<.;kl ?;koh- R;klkBh [kksMkP;k nksUgh cktwl mHks [kksy dki |kosr- pkdwph cksFkV cktw ;k

dkikae/;s ?kqlowu lky gyowu ?;koh o uarj dk<koh- lky dk<.;kvxksnj lkyho#u czklpk

#G fdaok pkdwph /kkj fQjowu lky jxMkoh] R;keqgs ojpk ykdMkpk Hkqlk lkyho#u fu?kwu

tkrks-

lky dk<Y;koj rh lkoyhr ijarq Hkjiwj izdk’kkP;k fBdk.kh okGokoh- FksV

lq;Zizdk’kkr ek= okGow u;s- lky dk<ysys [kksM ek= mUgkr okGokos- lk;adkGh okGysY;k

[kksMkoj lky iwoZor fpdVokoh] R;klkBh rh nksjhus [kksMkoj cka/kwu Bsokoh- gs lky cka/kysys

[kksM nqlÚ;k fno’kh lkoyhr okGokos- frlÚ;k fno’kh lky [kksMko#u lksMkoh o lkoyhr

okGfo.;kl Bsokoh- lk/kkj.k ikpO;k rs lgkO;k fno’kh lky okGrs- lky lkoyhr

okGoY;kuarj ,dnkp 2 rkl mUgkr okGokoh- okGorkuk rh eyeyP;k fi’kohr ?ksÅu

mUgkr Bsokoh] okGysyh lky MC;kr gokcan d#u Bsokoh- ,dk nkyfpuhP;k >kMkiklwu

ikpO;k rs lgkO;k o"khZ ljkljh 300 xzWe okGysyh lky o 250 xzWe ikus feGrkr- >kM

rksMY;kuarj nkyfpuhyk vla[; /kqekjs QqVrkr- gs /kqekjs ok<w |kosr- R;k /kqekÚ;kaiSdh ljG

vkf.k l’kDr 4&5 /kqekjs Bsowu ckfdP;kaph fojG.kh@NkV.kh djkoh-

osyph ykxoM ra=Kku

osynksM;kyk ^elkyk* fidkaph jk.kh vls lacks/kys tkrs rs R;kP;k elkyk fidkrhy

egRokewGsp- ygku osynksMk dh T;kyk eyckj osynksMk Eg.kwu vki.k vksG[krks R;kps mRiRrh

LFkku Hkkjr vkgs- lu 1979&80 Ik;Zar tkxrhd cktkjisBsr osynksM;kP;k mRiUukr vki.k

izFke Øekadkoj gksrks- vtwugh tkxfrd cktkjisBsr vl.kkÚ;k osynksM;kaph ekx.kh 30 rs 35

VDds us fu;kZr d:u iw.kZ djr vkgksr- dsjG jkT; gs {ks= vkf.k mRiknukps n`"Vhus Hkkjrkr

loZizFke vlwu toG toG 65 VDds {ks= mRiknu rsFkwup feGrs o R;kuarj dukZVd vkf.k

rkfeGukMwpk uacj ykxrks- egkjk"Vªkr ;k fidk[kkyh Qkjls {ks= ukgh- vfydMs dksd.k foHkkxkr

dkgh ’ksrdjh ;k ukfoU;iw.kZ fidkph FkksMhQkj ykxoM djhr vkgsr- R;keqGs ;k fidkP;k

ykxoMhiklwu tkLrhr tkLr mRiknu feGfo.;klkBh R;kph ’kkL=ksDr o lq/kkjhr i/nrhus

ykxoM dj.ks egRokps vkgs-

gokeku

osynksMk gs fid nf{k.k Hkkjrkr if’pesdMhy lnkgjhr taxyh izns’kkr ykxoM dsysys

vk<Grs- gs tjh m".k dfVca/kkrhy ihd vlys rjh leqnz likVhiklwuph 600 rs 1500 ehVj

maph 200 rs 35

0 ls- rkieku vkf.k 1500 feeh- leizek.kkr foHkkxwu iM.kkjk ikÅl

mi;qDr vkgs- ijarq dksd.k foHkkxkr leqnzlikVhtoG ukjG lqikjhP;k ckxsr osynksM;kph

fdQk;r’khj ykxoM dsY;kphgh mnkgj.ks vkgsr- ;k >kMkl m".k gokeku o tksjnkj okjk lgu

gkssr ukgh- m".k gokekukeqGs >kMs djirkr o okÚ;keqGs >kMs eksMrkr- R;keqGs ukjG lqikjhP;k

fu;fer ik.khiqjoBk vlysY;k tfeuhr gh >kMs pkaxyh ;srkr- rlsp ;k >kMkauk ljG

lw;Zizdk’kgh lgu gksr ukgh- R;keqGs eksB;k >kMkaoj lq;Zfdj.k iMwu ijkorhZr >kysyk

lw;Zizdk’k Hkjiwj izek.kkr ;k >kMkauk feG.ks vko’;d vkgs- ;k fidkl ikykikpksGk dqtwu

r;kj >kysyh lsanzh; inkFkZ;qDr ¼dqtV tehu½ o ik.;kpk fupjk gks.kkjh mrkjkph tehu

vko’;d vlrs- tkaH;k nxMkaiklwu r;kj >kysyh] lsanzh; inkFkkZauh ;qDRk v’kk tfeuhr

ns[khy gs ihd ;srs- 6 rs 7 ¼ih- ,p-½ lkeq vlysY;k tfeuh ;k fidkl vf/kd ekuorkr-

;ke/;s vusd tkrh vlY;k rjh izkeq[;kus [kkyhy tkrhapk fopkj dsyk tkrks-

1- eyckj% e/;e 2 rs 3 ehVj maph] ikus 5 rs 6 lsa-eh- ykachph ik.;kph derjrk

HkklY;klgh rx /k:u jkg.kkjh o leqnz likVhiklwu deh maphP;k izns’kkr ;s.kkjh gh tkr

2- EgSlwj% 3 rs 4 ehVj map ok<.kkjh] 8 rs 15 lsa-eh- :an o 60 rs 90 lsaeh- ykachph ikus

vkf.k vf/kd mRiUu ns.kkjh gh tkr vkgs-

3- flyksu% [kksMkl xqykch jax vl.kkjs vkf.k EgSlwj ;k tkrhis{kk vf/kd tksenkj ok<.kkjh gh

tkr vkgs-

4- eq>jckn% eyckj foHkkxkrgh izkeq[;kus vk<G.kkjh tkr pkaxys mRiknu ns.kkjh vkf.k

deh maphP;k izns’kkr ns[khy ok<.kkjh gh tkr vkgs-

5- c>qDdk% gh tkr EgSlwj o eyckj ;k tkrhiklwu uSlfxZd laLdkjkeqGs r;kj >kysyh

vlY;keqGs ;k nksUgh tkrhaps xq.k/keZ ;ke/;s vk<Grkr- ;kf’kok; eqnhxsjs ;kgh tkrh vkgsr-

vfHko`)h

osynksM;kph vfHko`/nh fc;kaiklwu jksis r;kj d:u rlsp iwohZ ykxoM dsysY;k >kMkaps

QqVos mi;ksxkr vk.kwugh djrkr- ijarq QqVos ykowu ykxoM dsY;kl jksis r;kj d:u ykxoM

dsysY;k >kMkais{kk vf/kd mRiknu feGrs-

2 rs 3 o"ksZ ok<ysY;k >kMkps] lkj[;k maphps] lkj[;k o;kps QqVos ¼ldlZ½ dk<wu ufou

ykxoM djkoh-

iwoZe’kkxr

osynksMk gs ^lkoyhfiz;* vlY;keqGs ukjGh&lqikjhP;k ckxsr pkaxys ;srs- lqikjh ckxsr

pkj iksQGhP;k e/;koj ukjG ckxsr osynksM;kP;k nksu vksGhe/;s nhM rs nksu ehVj varj Bsowu

vksGhrhy nksu jksikar ,d ehVj varj Bsokos- 60 X 60 X 45 lsa-eh- vkdkjkps [kM~Ms [kksnwu

pkaxyh ekrh] ’ks.k[kr] ch-,p-lh- ikoMj] 200 xzWe lqij QkWLQsV] 50 xzWe gkMkph iwM ;kaps

feJ.kkus ykxoMhiwohZ Hk:u Bsokosr- [kM~Ms tfeuhps likVhiklwu map Hkjkosr-

r;kj dsysY;k [kM~M;kP;k e/kHkkxh 10 rs 12 efgus o;kps jksi@QqVos ¼ldlZ½ ykokos-

jksi tkLr [kksy u ykork QDr eqGs >kdyh tkrhy brirp [kksy ykokos- jksi [kksy ykoY;kl

ok< detksj gksrs- rlsp izlaxh jksi ej.;kphgh ’kD;rk ukdkjrk ;sr ukgh- ’kD;rks jksikaph maph

75 rs 90 lsa-eh- vlkoh o R;kl 1 rs 2 QqVos vlkosr- dksd.kkr lk/kkj.ki.ks vkWxLV rs lIVsacj

e/;s ikolkpk tksj deh >kY;koj ykxoM djkoh- jksikl vko’;drk HkklY;kl dkBhpk vk/kkj

n;kok-

vkarje’kkxr

osynksMk gs ihd ik.;kpk rk.k vftckr lgu d: ’kdr ukgh Eg.kwu ikolkGk

laiY;kuarj Rojhr ik.kh ns.;kph O;oLFkk djkoh- tfeuhr fu;fer vksykok jkghy ;kph

dkGth ?;koh- tehu ldl vlY;kl pkj fnolkauh ,dnk ik.kh iqjsls vkgs- ik.kh ns.;klkBh

’kD;rks jksikl vkGs u djrk eksdkV i/nrhus ik.kh n;kos-

izR;sd osynksM;kP;k ykxR;k csVkl lqQyk ¼15%15%15½ 75 xzWe] E;qjsV vkWQ

iksVW’k &40 xzWe nksu gIR;kr] lIVsacj o es efgU;kr foHkkxwu n;kos- es efgU;kr [krkps

ek=scjkscj pkaxys dqtysys ’ks.k[kr 1 rs 2 ?kesyh n;kos- osynksM;kph ykxoM dsY;kuarj

ifgY;k o"khZ ojhy ,dw.k ek=sP;k QDr v/khZ ek=k [kr n;kos-

dk<.kh

ykxoM dsY;kiklwu frlÚ;k o"kkZiklwu mRiknukl lq:okr gksrs o ikpO;k o"kkZiklwu

fdQk;r’khj mRiknu feGw ykxrs- >kMkl toGtoG o"kZHkj Qqyksjk ;srks] ijarw QGs ns.kkjk

izeq[k Qqyksjk tkusokjh rs twu ;k dkGkr ;srks- Qqys vkY;kiklwu 3&4 efgU;kr QGs iDo

gksrkr- QG lq:okrhl fgjos vlrs- iDo >kY;kuarj rs fioGV jax /kkj.k djrs- v’kh QGs

cksVkP;k u[kkus nsBkr rksMkoh o mUgkr okGokohr- 5&6 fnolkar QGs okGrkr- pkaxyh ok<

>kysY;k ,dk csVkiklwu o"kZHkjkr 200 xzWe osynksMk feGw ’kdrks-

jksx o fdM

fVDdk o ej jksx vk<Gwu vkY;kl 1 VDds ckMksZfeJ.k fdaok 10 xzWe ckfoLVhu 10

fyVj ik.;kr felGwu Qokjkos-

yoax ykxoM

elkys fidkr dkGhfejh [kkyks[kky vfr’k; egRokps LFkku vlysys yoax gs fdaerh

ihd vkgs- eykDdk gs ;k fidkps mRiRRkhLFkku ekuys tkrs- b-l- 1800 e/;s bZLV bafM;k

daiuhus ;k fidkph Hkkjrkr izFke ykxoM dsyh- yoaxsph ykxoM izkeq[;kus >ka>hckj] isEck]

eknkxkLdj] baMksusf’k;k ;sFks vlwu] vYi izek.kkr rh Jhyadk] eysf’k;k vkf.k Hkkjrkr vk<Grs-

yoaxsph tkxfrd cktkjisBsrhy ekx.kh y{kkr ?ksrk Hkkjr f}rh; LFkkukoj vkgs- Hkkjrkph

yoaxsph okf"kZd xjt 4000 esVªhd Vu brdh vlyh rjh mRIkknu QDr 1200 rs 1500 es- Vu

brdsp vkgs- R;keqGs Hkkjrkyk njo"khZ yoax vk;kr djkoh ykxrs- vesjhdk] if’pe teZuh]

QzkUl gs gh yoax vk;kr dj.kkjs izeq[k ns’k vkgsr-

Hkkjrkr if’pe ?kkV izns’kkr leqnzfduk&;ktoGhy Hkkxkr rlsp rkfeGukMw] dsjG]

vkf.k dukZVd ;k jkT;kr yoaxsph ykxoM vk<Grs- gokekukrhy lk/kE;kZeqGs & Eg.ktsp

dksad.kkrhy m".k o neV gokeku vlysY;k Hkkxkrhy ukjG o lqikjh ;kaP;k ckxsr lkoyhr

yoaxkaph ykxoM dj.;kl oko vkgs- dkj.k ;k foHkkxkr yoaxkph ykxoM lek/kkudkjd gksrs]

vls iz;ksxkarh vk<Gwu vkys vkgs-

yoax gs m".k dfVca/kkrhy lnkgfjr] e/;e ok<.kkjs >kM] vlwu ikus xnZ fgjoh pednkj

vlrkr- Qqys rhu&rhuP;k xVkr ;srkr- Qqykapk i.kZnsB ekaly vlrks- vki.k elkY;kr

okijrks rh yoax Eg.kts yoaxsph >kMkojhy dGh gks;- iw.kZ ok<ysY;k dG;k dk<wu mUgkr

okGfoY;k dh yoax r;kj gksrs] ijarq R;k r’kkp ok<w fnY;kl R;kps Qqykar o uarj QGkar :ikarj

gksrs- yoaxkph QGs vkf.k tkaHkwG QGs ;kr brds lkE; vlrs dh nksUgh QGkarhy Qjd pVdu

y{kkr ;sr ukgh- v[kaM yoaxk] yoaxkph HkqdVh vkf.k yoax rsy ;k frUgh Lo:ikr vUUk

inkFkkZauk Lokn o po ;s.;klkBh yoaxkpk mi;ksx dsyk tkrks- lqD;k yoaxkiklwu 15 rs 18 VDds

yoaxrsy feGrs- rsykl mxz niZ vlrks- rsykpk mi;ksx vRRkjs] feJlsaV rlsp yks.kph] elkys]

P;qbZaxe] dWaUMh ;kalkj[;k m|ksxkr rlsp fdR;sd vUUkinkFkkZauk Lokn o po ns.;klkBh gksrks-

yoax rsykrhy tarwuk’kd xq.kkaeqGs] VqFkisLV] narvkS"k/kh] brj vkS"k/kh] QslikoMj] lkc.k

;ke/;s yoaxrsykpk mi;ksx dsyk tkrks- d`f=e OgWfuyk r;kj dj.;klkBhgh ;k rsykpk

mi;ksx gksrks-

gokeku o tehu

yoax gs m".k dfVca/kkrhy >kM vlwu] ;k fidkl] m".k o neV gokeku ekuors-

leqnz likVhojhy izns’k rs 1000 eh- map izns’kkrgh yoax ok<rs- ek= ikÅleku Hkjiwj gos-

200 rs 30

0 lsfYlvl rkieku] 1500 rs 2500 feeh- ikÅl vkf.k 60 rs 95 VDds

vknZrk ;k fidkl pkaxyh ekuors- iz[kj lq;kZP;k m".krseqGs ikus o [kksMkoj dji.;kph fdz;k

gksÅu >kMkaP;k ok<hoj foijhr ifj.kke gksrks- Eg.kwu ;k fidkl lkoyhph vko’;drk

yoaxkps fid cgqrsd loZ izdkjP;k tfeuhr ;sr vlys rjhgh vf/kd [kksyhP;k]

mRRke fupÚ;kP;k vkf.k lsanzh; inkFkkZps izek.k vf/kd vkgs] v’kk tfeuh ;k fidkl

ekuorkr- tkaH;k nxMkiklwu cuysyh tehu ;k >kMkl mRre Bjrs- lkxj fdukÚ;ktoGhy

okGwfeJhr xkGkph tfeugh ;k fidkl ekuors- tfeu e/;e vkEy/kehZ vlkoh- ;k fidkl

v/kZoV lkoyh vl.ks vko’;d vlrs-

Hkkjrkr yoaxkaph ykxoM T;k Hkkxkr eksB;k izek.kkoj >kysyh vkgs rsFks toGtoG

izR;sd efgU;kr ikÅl iMrks vkf.k rkieku lkSE; vlrs- R;keqGs rsFks yoaxkaph ykxoM

m?kM;koj dsyh tkrs vkf.k ik.khiqjoB;kph O;oLFkk dj.ks vko’;d vlrs- yoax >kMkl Åu

o okÚ;kiklwu laj{k.k feGw ’kdsy vls vkn’kZ fBdk.k Eg.kts ukjG fdaok lqikjhph ckx- iwosZl

mrkj vlysY;k Mksxj mrkjkoj rlsp nksu MksaxjkaP;k njhrhy izns’kkr ik.kh iqjoB;kph lks;

vlY;kl Mksaxjkoj ns[khy yoaxkaph ykxoM ;’kLoh gksbZy-

yoaxe/;s vtwugh dks.krhgh tkr izlkjhr dj.;kr vkysyh ukgh- cktkjisBse/;s

mRikfnd ns’kkP;k ukoko:u yoax vksG[kyh tkrs- isukaxph yoax mRd`"B letyh tkrs-

R;k[kkyks[kky >ka>hckj vkf.k eknkxkLdjpk dzekad ykxrks-

vfHko`/nh

;k >kMkph ykxoM izkeq[;kus fu;fer Qy/kkj.kk gks.kkÚ;k ekr`o`{kkP;k fc;kaiklwu jksis

r;kj d:u dsyh tkrs- fc;kaph mxo.k{kerk pkaxyh feG.;klkBh] rkT;k QGkrhy ch

rkcMrksCk :tr ?kkykos- ch r;kj dsysY;k ok¶;koj 10 x 10 lsaeh- varjkoj 4 rs 5 lsaeh [kksy

isjkos- uarj rs okQs xorkus >kdkosr- R;keqGs m".krk jkgrs- njjkst ,d osG rjh >kjhus ik.kh |kos-

fc;kaps vadqj.k 70 rs 80 VDD;ki;Zar gksrs- 3 rs 4 vkBoM;kauh fc;kaph mxo.k lq: >kY;koj

xorkps vkPNku dk<wu Vkdkos- jksikaph ok< vfr’k; gGwgGw vlrs- ok¶;koj ok<ysY;k 15 rs

20 fnolkaP;k jksikaph iquykZx.k IykfLVd fi’kohr djkoh- fi’kohrhy jksis nksu o"kkZaph >kY;koj

ykxoMhlkBh okijkohr-

iwoZe’kkxr

;ksX; varjkoj BsoysY;k ukjG] lqikjhP;k ckxsr ykxoM djko;kph >kY;kl] pkj ukjG

fdaok pkj lqikjhP;k e/;Hkkxh yoaxkaps jksi ykokos- lqikjh ckxse/;s ek= uarjps jksi nksu pkSdksu

eksdG lksMwu frlÚ;kr ykokos- nksu MksaxjkP;k njhrhy ykxoM 6 x 6 ehVj varjkoj djkoh-

fuoMysY;k tkxh 45 x 45 x 45 lsa-eh- vkdkjkps [kMM~s mUgkG;kr [kksnkosr- [kMM~;ke/kwu

dk<ysY;k ekrhrhy nxM o /kldVs ospwu dk<wu R;k ekrhe/;s 2 rs 3 VksiY;k ’ks.k[kr fdaok

daiksLV felGkos vkf.k [kMM~k tfeuhiklwu tjk map jkghy v’kk i/nrhus Hk:u Bsokok-

leqnzfdUkkÚ;kojhy jsrkM tfeuhrhy [kMM~s Hkjrkuk [kMM~;kaP;k ekrhr v/khZ rkacMh ekrh fdaok

’kD; vlsy rj xkGkph ekrh okijkoh-

yoaxsph ykxoM dks.kR;kgh gaxkekr dsyh rjh pkyrs] ijarq tksjnkj ikÅl

laiY;kuarj ykxoM dj.ks vf/kd Qk;|kps Bjsy- ykxoMhlkBh nksu o"ksZ o;kps jksi okijkos-

vxksnjp Hk:u BsoysY;k [kMM~;kaP;k e/;Hkkxh jksikP;k fi’kohP;k vkdkjkpk [kMM~k dk<kok-

jksi vlysyh IyWfLVd fi’koh] ekrhph gqaMh QqV.kkj ukgh v’kk i/nrhus dk<wu Vkdkoh vkf.k

dsysY;k [kMM~;kr jksi ykokos- uarj jksikP;k lHkksorkyph ekrh nkcwu ?;koh-

jksikaps okjk o Åu ;kaiklwu laj{k.k djkos ykxrs- yoaxsP;k >kMkyk ik.kh iqjoBk

djrkuk tehu lrr vksylj jkghy] ijarq nyny gks.kkj ukgh ;kph n{krk ?ksÅu gaxkekuqlkj

Bjkfod dkyko/khuarj ik.kh |kos- dkj.k nynyheqGs ej jksx ;s.;kph ’kD;rk vlrs-

FkksMD;kr ,dkposGh [kqi ik.kh ns.;kis{kk FkksMs&FkksMs ik.kh vusdosGk |kos- e/kwue/kwu fuan.kh

o gydh [kqji.kh gh dkes egRokph vlrkr- >kMkaP;k vkG;kr ikykikpksG;kph Hkj ns.ks

Qk;|kps Bjrs-

yoaxsP;k >kMkl ifgY;k o"khZ 10 fdyks ’ks.k[kr fdaok daiksLV] 20 xzWe u=] 18 xzWe

LQqjn vkf.k 50 xzWe ikyk’k |kosgh [krs nksu gIR;kr |koh- ifgY;k o"khZ ykxoM dsY;kuarj

frlÚ;k efgU;kr o nqljk gIrk lgkO;k efgU;kuarj |kok- R;kiq<hy o"kkZiklwu ifgyk gIrk

ikolkG;kP;k lq:okrhl o nqljk ikolkG;kP;k ’ksoVh |kok- nqlÚ;k o"kkZiklwu [krkph ek=k

;kp iVhr njo"khZ ok<owu ia/kjk o"kkZuarj izR;sd >kMkl 300 xzWe u= ¼600 xzWe ;qfj;k½]

250 xzWe LQqjn ¼1-500 fdyks lqijQkWLQsV½] 750 xWze ikyk’k ¼10-500 fdyks E;qjsV

vkWQ iksVW’k½] o 50 fdyks ’ks.k[kr fdaok daiksLV[kr |kos- eksB;k >kMkauk [krs nsrkuk

[kksMkiklwu 1 rs 1-5 ehVj varjkoj mFkG pj [kksnwu R;kr [krs |kohr-

dksde ykxoM

dksde gs LFkkfud elkyk ihd vkgs- Hkfo";kr ;k fidkyk vfr’k; egRokps LFkku

feG.;kph ’kD;rk vkgsr- dksdekP;k QGkph lky ve`r dksde] vkelwy o vkxGlkBh

okijyh tkrs- ;kapk okij nSuafnu tso.kke/;s dsyk tkrks- dksd.kkr fpaps,soth dksde

okij.;kph izFkk vkgs- dksde gn; jksxkoj vR;ar xq.kdkjh vkgs- rlsp rs Ñeh uk’kd o fiRr

uk’kd vkgs- dksdekP;k chiklwu rsy ¼23 rs 26 VDds½ dk<ys tkrs- R;kyk dksde rsy vls

Eg.krkr- loZlkekU; rkiekukr gs rsy ?ku jgkrs- rsykpk okij vusd izdkjP;k Ropk jksxkaoj

rlsp lkSan;Z izlk/kukae/;s djrkr- dksdekP;k lkyhiklwu yky vkf.k fioGk jax cufork ;srks-

dksdekP;k lkyhe/;s gk;MªksfDlflfVªd vkEy vlrs ts LFkwyi.kk deh djrs-

dksdekph O;kikjh rRokoj >kysyh ykxoM ulyh rjh dksdekph dksd.kkr rlsp]

xksO;kr] mRrj dukZVdkr o dsjG jkT;kr dksdekph ykxoM vk<Grs-

gokeku o tehu

dksdekyk m".k o neV gokeku pkaxys ekuors- fgokG;kr T;k fBdk.kh rkieku 10

ls- is{kk [kkyh mrjrs v’kk fBdk.kh dksdekph ykxoM d# u;s- rlsp mUgkG;kr rkieku 40

ls- P;koj xsY;kl dksdekP;k n`"Vhus gkfudkjd Bjrs- dksjM;k gokekuke/;s dksdekph ykxoM

dj.ks VkGkos-

T;k tfeuhe/;s ukjG o lqikjhph ykxoM pkaxY;kizdkjs gksrs v’kk loZ tfeuh dksde

ykxoMhlkBh mi;qDr vkgsr- unh dkBP;k xkGkus r;kj >kysY;k] njhP;k ik;F;kP;k tfeuhr]

Mksaxj mrkjkP;k [kkyP;k cktwyk tfeuhapk fopkj dksdeklkBh izk/kkU;kus djkok- ek= T;k

tfeuhe/;s ik.;kpk fupjk O;ofLFkr gksr ukgh] ikolkG;kr unhps ik.kh ?kqlrs] [kkt.k

tfeuh] pq.k[kMhP;k tfeuh o dkrG tfeuh vFkok vfr eqjekM tfeuh dksde ykxoMhlkBh

VkGkO;kr-

lq/kkjhr tkrh

MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñf"k fo|kihBkus dksdekP;k ^^dksd.k ve`rk** vkf.k

^^dksd.k gkrhl** gs ok.k izlkfjr dsys vkgsr- dksde ve`rk ;k tkrhph QGs ikolkG;kiwohZ

r;kj gksrkr- ,dk 20 o>kMkiklwu lqekjs 100 fdyks mRiUu feGrs- QG vkdkjkus e/;e

vlwu ,dk QGkps ljkljh out 34 xzWe vlrs- lky HkMd yky jaxkph o tkM vlrs- QGs

ekpZ&,fizye/;s r;kj gksrkr o lqekjs 5 rs 7 fnol fVdrkr-

ykxoMhlkBh ikolkG;kiwohZ r;kj gks.kkjh o pkaxY;k izrhph dksde QGs vl.kkjh

>kMs fuoMwu R;kiklwu jksis vFkok dyes d#u ykxoMhlkBh rh okijkohr- dksd.k gkrhl ;k

tkrhps QGs dksde ve`rkis{kk vkdkjkus eksBh vlwu QG/kkj.kk rqyusus yodj gksrs-

vfHko`/nh

v½ fc;kaiklwu jksis dj.ks &

dksdekph vfHko`/nh ch iklwu rlsp dyes r;kj d#u djrk ;srs- ch iklwu r;kj

>kysyh jksis ewG >kMkizek.ksp fnlrkr- ijarq ;kr uj o eknh >kMs fuitrkr- Qqys

ykxY;kf’kok; useds uj o eknh >kMs letw ’kdr ukghr- jksikiklwu Qqys o QGs feG.;klkBh

lqekjs 6 rs 7 o"kkZpk dkyko/kh ykxrks-

jksis dj.;klkBh iw.kZ r;kj >kysyh dksdekph QGs fuoMkohr- ;k QGke/khy ch

dk<wu LoPN /kqowu ?;kohr o ;k fc;kauk jk[k pksGkoh- iw.kZ lkoyhe/;s lqekjs 6 rs 7 fnol ch

FkksMs okGokos- ch okGorkuk rs iw.kZ lqdw u ns.;kph n{krk ?;koh- ch isj.;klkBh 15 lsa-eh- map]

100 lsa-eh- #an o vko’;d R;k ykachps xknh okQs r;kj djkosr- ;k xknh okQ;kP;k ojP;k

Fkjkr ckjhd dsysys ’ks.k[kr pkaxys felGwu ?;kos- dksdekps ch ;k okQ;koj il#u #tr

?kkykos- gs ch tserse ekrhus >kdkos- fc;kaoj xorkps vkPNknu Bsokos- eqaX;kiklwu ;k okQ;kps

laj{k.k djkos- jksis #twu vkY;kuarj xorkps vkPNknu cktwyk djkos- okQ;kojhy jksis

#tY;kuarj 2 rs 4 ikukaph jksis vyxn dk<wu IyWfLVd fi’kO;kae/;s ykowu ?;kohr- ;klkBh 5 X

7 bap vkdkjkP;k IyWfLVd fi’kO;k ’ks.k[kr] ekrh o okGw ;kaP;k ;ksX; feJ.kkus ¼ 1% 1% 1½

Hk#u ?;kO;kr- fi’kO;k feJ.kkus Hkj.;kiwohZ ik.;kpk fupjk gks.;klkBh fi’kohyk Hkksds ikM.ks

vR;ko’;d vkgs- dksdekph jksis ;k fi’kO;kae/;s ykokohr o lkoyhr vFkok ’ksMusV[kkyh jksis

Bsowu ojP;koj jksikauk ik.kh iqjoBk djkok- lqekjs ,d o"kkZph jksis ykxoMhlkBh okijkohr-

c½dye dj.ks &

dksdekph e`nqdk"B dyes cka/krk ;srkr- ek= dye gs ewG >kMkizek.ks u ok<rk

>qMqiklkj[ks ok<rs- dyekpk vkdkj e;kZfnr jkgrks- dyekaph ok< gGw gksrs- dksde dyekaph

?ku ykxoM djrk ;s.ks ’kD; vkgs- rlsp dyes d#u ckxsr uj o eknh >kMkaph la[;k larqfyr

jk[krk ;srs- dyes dj.;klkBh ljG o oj p<.kkÚ;k ekr`o`{k dkM;k okijkO;kr- rlsp dyekaP;k

tksMk[kkywu [kqaVkiklwu lrr QqVos ;srkr] rs dk<.ks t#jhps vlrs vU;Fkk dye ej.;kph

’kD;rk vlrs-

;kf’kok; >kMktoGhy eqGkaiklwu ;s.kkÚ;k QqVO;kaiklwugh dksdekph vfHko`/nh djrk

;srs- ;k QqVO;kaiklwu >kysY;k jksikauk ekr`o`{kklkj[ksp xq.k/keZ vlrkr-

1½ ykxoMhph iwoZ r;kjh&

dksdekph tkxk fuf’pr >kY;kuarj 6X 6 eh- varjkoj [kqaV;k Bksdwu [kq.kk d#u

?;kO;kr- ;k fBdk.kh 60 lsa-eh- X 60lsa-eh- X 60lsa-eh- vkdkjkps [kM~Ms dk<wu ?;kosr- gs

dk<ysys [kM~Ms pkaxyh ekrh] lqekjs ,d ?kesys ’ks.k[kr] 500 xzWe lqij QkWLQsV ;kaP;k

feJ.kkus Hk#u ?;kosr- okGohpk izknqHkkZo tkLr vlY;kl 25 xzWe 2 VDds QkWfyMkWy ikoMj

okijkoh- jksikaiklwu ykxoM dsyh vlY;kl izR;sd [kM~M;kr nksu jksis ykokohr- dyekaiklwu

ykxoM djrkuk 90 VDds eknh vkf.k 10 VDds uj >kMkaph dyes ykokohr-

2½ ykxoMhpk gaxke o ykxoM &

dksdekph ykxoM ikolkG;kP;k lq#okrhyk vFkok ikolkG;kuarj djkoh- vfr

ikolkr ykxoM dj.ks VkGkos-

ykxoM djrkuk Hkjysy;k [kM~M;kP;k e/kkse/k dksdekP;k eqGkph gqaMh clsy brdh

ekrh dk<koh- IyWfLVd fi’koh CysMP;k vFkok vU; lk/kukpk okij d#u vyxn QkMkoh-

eqGkph gqaMh u QqVsy v’kkizdkjs r;kj dsysY;k [kM~M;kr vyxn ykxoM djkoh o cktwph ekrh

nkcwu clokoh- ykorkuk dyekpk tksM ekrhP;k FkksMk oj jkghy ;kph dkGth ?;koh- jksis

ykork izR;sd [kM~M;kr nksu jksis ykokohr-

ykxoM dsY;kuarj dksdekP;k maph brD;k dkB;k nksu cktwl lqekjs 30 lsa-eh- varj

lksMwu R;k iqjkO;kr- ;k dkB;kauk ,d dkBh vkMoh cka/kwu R;koj dksde dye cka/kkos

ts.ksd#u okÚ;kcjkscj rs gy.kkj ukgh- dksdeklHkksorh [kksMkiklwu lqekjs 10 lsa-eh- varj

lksMwu vkPNknu djkos-

[kr iqjoBk

;ksX; ok< gks.;kP;kn`"Vhus dksdekyk larqfyr [kr iqjoBk dj.ks vko’;d vkgs- ifgY;k

o"khZ lqekjs 2 fdyks ’ks.k[kr] 45 xzWe u=] 25 xzWe LQqjn o 30 xzWe ikyk’k ?kkykos- ;kp

izek.kkr izfr Ok"khZ [krkr ok< d#u 10 o"kkZuarj 20 fdyks ’ks.k[kr] 450 xzWe u=] 250 xzWe

LQqjn o 300 xzWe ikyk’k izR;sd >kMkyk |kos- [kr ikolkG;kP;k lq#okrhl o ikolkGk

lairkuk foHkkxwu |kos- >kMkP;k foLrkjkP;k fuEE;k varjkoj e/kkse/k mFkG pj dk<wu R;kr [kr

?kkykos- gk pj lqekjs 30 lsaeh #an o 15 lsaeh- [kksy vlkok-

ik.kh iqjoBk

dksdekyk lq#okrhP;k dkGkr ik.kh iqjoBk dj.ks xjtsps vkgs- unhP;k dkBkoj Mksaxj

mrkjkP;k ik;F;kyk] eGs tfeuhe/;s tj dksdekph ykxoM dsyh vlsy rj lqekjs ikp o"kkZuarj

ik.kh ukgh fnys rjh pkyrs-

dk<.kh o mRiUu

oj mYys[k dsY;kizek.ks jksikiklwu ykxoM dsyh vlsy rj Qqys ;s.;klkBh 6 rs 7 o"kkZpk

dkyko/kh ykxrks- Qqys vkWDVkscj&uksOgsacj efgU;kr ;srkr- QqykaP;k izdkjko#u uj o eknhph

jksis vksG[kkohr vkf.k QDr 10VDds uj >kMs Bsowu ckdhph uj jksis dkiwu Vkdkohr- rlsp ,dk

[kM~M;kr pkaxys mRiUu ns.kkjs ,dp eknh jksi Bsokos- Qqys vkY;kuarj Qy/kkj.kk gksÅu lqekjs 5 rs

6 efgU;kuarj QGs dk<.khl r;kj gksrkr- iw.kZ r;kj >kysyh yky jaxkph dksde QGs dk<kohr-

dksdekph cgqrka’kh QGs ikolkG;kr r;kj gksrkr o ;keqGs ok;k tkrkr- dksdekph QGs yodj

r;kj gks.;klkBh 3 VDds iksVW’kh;e uk;VsªVP;k nksu osGk Qokj.kh djkoh- ojhy Qokj.kh

QG/kkj.kk >kY;koj rj nqljh Qokj.kh 20 fnolkauh djkoh- dksdekph dk<.kh ldkGh yodj o

nqikjh 4 oktY;kuarj djkoh- ikolkr QGs lkiMY;kl QGkaph izr fc?kMrs vkf.k eksB;k

izek.kkoj QGs [kkyh iMwu uqdlku gksrs-

lq/kkjhr tkrhph ykxoM dsyh vlY;kl QGs ikolkG;kvk/kh feGrkr o tkLr

mRiUu feGrs- ljkljh mRiUukps izek.k 50 rs 100 fdyks izfr eknh >kM brds ohl o"kkZiklwu

feGrs-

1½ fiad jksx &

brj>kMkaP;k rqyusr dksdekoj deh fdM o jksx vk<Grkr- ;ke/;s fiad ukokpk

jksx lokZr egRokpk vkgs- ;k jksxkr Qka|kaoj ika<Ú;k jaxkps xksy fBids fuekZ.k gksrkr-

dkykarjkus gs fBids ok<rkr vkf.k xqykoh jaxkps fnlrkr o Qka|k lqdrkr] vls ika<js fBids

fnl.kkÚ;k fBdk.kh lkQ d#u 1 VDds cksMksZ isLVpk okij djkok-

2½ ikukojhy fBids &

Ikkukoj ygku fBids fnlwu ;srkr- ;klkBh dkWij vkWfDlDyksjkbZM 0-2VDdsph

Qokj.kh djkoh-

1½ dPPkh r;kj QGs lqdfo.ks &

Ikw.kZ r;kj fgjO;k jaxkph u MkxkGysyh vkf.k V.kd QGs fuoMkohr- QGs ik.;ke/;s

LoPN /kqowu iqlwu ?;kohr- QGkauk nksUgh cktwauh mHks dki ?ksÅu R;kps pkj leku Hkkx djkosr-

g;k QksMh iksVWf’kve esVkck; lYQkbZVP;k 2500 ihih,e ¼ 2-5 xzWe@fy- ik.;ke/;s ½

{kersP;k ‘nzko.kke/;s 2 rkl cqMowu BsokO;kr- uarj QksMh nzko.kkrwu ckgsj dk<wu 50 rs 55

ls- rkiekukr lqdo.kh ;a=ke/;s fdaok mUgke/;s pkaxY;k lqdowu ?;kO;kr- ;k QksMh gokcan

fi’kO;kr Hk#u FkaM o dksjM;k tkxh lkBowu BsokO;kr- QGkaP;k pkj ‘QksMh d#u ojhyizek.ks

iksVWf’kve esVkck; lYQkbZVph ek=k fnY;kus R;kapk vkacVi.kk pkaxyk fVdwu jkgrks vkf.k g;k

fgjO;k QksMh lqekjs 8 rs 10 efgU;kai;ZUr fVdwu jkgrkr-

2½ dksdelksy ¼vkelwy½ &

Dksdelksy r;kj dj.;kiwohZ iw.kZ fidysyh] yky rkth] V.kd QGs fuoMwu ?;kohr- QGs

ik.;kus LoPN /kqowu o LoPN dkiMkus dksjMh d#u] xj o lkyh osxosxG;k BsokO;kr] fc;k vkf.k

xjkP;k feJ.kkps out d#u ?;kos vkf.k R;ke/;s 10 VDds ;k izek.kkr ¼1 fdyks xjklkBh

100 xzWe½ ehB Vkdkos- ehB o xj foj?kGowu R;kps nzko.k r;kj gksbZy- ;k ;nzko.kke/;s

dksdekP;k lkyh lqekjs 5 rs 10 fefuVs cqMowu uarj 24 rkl mUgkr lqdokO;kr- uarj nqlÚ;k

fno’kh R;k lkyh 5 rs 10 fefuVs R;kp jlkr cqMowu 24 rkl lqdokO;kr- v’kkizdkjs lkyhyk

5 osGk QwV |koh vkf.k ’ksoVh R;k 50 rs 55 va’k lsfYlvl rkiekukr Mªk;je/;s fdaok mUgke/;s

lqdokO;kr- v’kkizdkjs lqdfoysys dksde lksy IyWfLVd fi’kohr gokcan d#u dksjM;k vkf.k Fk aM

tkxsr lkBowu Bsokos-

3½ ve`r dksde &

ve`r dksde cufo.;klkBh mRre izrhph pkaxyh iDo >kysyh] rkth V.kd QGs

fuoMkohr- QGs LoPN ik.;ke/;s pkaxyh /kqÅu ?;kohr- uarj QGs dkiwu R;kaps pkj fdaok vkB

leku Hkkx djkosr- fc;k cktwl dk<wu ?;kO;kr- QGkaP;k lkyhps otu d#u ?;kos- lkyh o

lk[kj 1%2 ;k izek.kkr ?;kos- dksde lkyh vkf.k lk[kj ;kaps ,dkoj ,d Fkj nsowu dkpsP;k

cj.khr fdaok Mªee/;s Hk#u Bsokos- gs feJ.k njjkst ,d rs nksu osGk gkyokos- vkB fnolkauh

r;kj >kysys ve`r dksde futZarqdl dsysY;k ckVY;kar Hk#u rs FkaM vkf.k dksjM;k tkxh Bsokos-

ve`r dksdepk vkuan vkLokn ?ks.;kiwohZ R;kr 1%5 fdaok 1%6 ;k izek.kkr ik.kh felGkos-

pohlkBh fpeqVHkj ftjk ikoMj vkf.k fpewVHkj ehB is;ke/;s ¼200 fe-yh-½ felGkos-

ve`r dksdekiklwu dkcksZusVsM dksde is;gh r;kj djrk ;srs- gs ,d mRlkgo/kZd] FkaMkok ns.kkjs

o Hkwd rlsp ipu ok<fo.kkjs vkf.k fiRruk’kd is; vkgs-

4½ dksde vkxG &

fidysY;k dksde QGkaP;k lkyh o xj vkf.k ehB ;kaP;k feJ.kkiklwu r;kj dj.;kr

;s.kkÚ;k jlkl dksde vkxG vls EgVys tkrs- ehBkps izek.k 15 rs 20 VDds ;k izek.kkr

okijys vlrk dksde vkxG o"kZHkj fdaok R;kgwu tkLr dkyko/khlkBh pkaxys jkgw ’kdrs-

dksde vkxG r;kj dj.;klkBh fidysyh] yky rkth V.kd dksde QGs fuoMwu ?;kohr- QGs

mHkh vkf.k vkMoh dkiwu R;kps pkj fdaok vkB Hkkx djkosr- ‘kD;rks fc;k osxG;k djkO;kr-

lkyh fdaok xjkps otu d#u ?;kos vkf.k R;ke/;s 15 rs 20 VDds ¼,dk fdyksl

150&200 ½ ckjhd ehB ?kkykos- dksde lkyh] xj] ehB ;kaps feJ.k pkaxys gyowu ?;kos o

jl lqV.;klkBh rs rhu fnolkai;ZUr rlsp Bsowu |kos- feJ.kkiklwu r;kj >kysyk jl futZrqad

dsysY;k ckVY;ke/;s Hk#u ckVY;k FkaM o dksjM;k tkxh BsokO;kr- dksde vkxG lksyd<h]

efPN djh vkf.k brj vUuinkFkZ r;kj dj.;klkBh okijrkr-

gGn ykxoM ra=Kku

izkLrkfod

gGn gs Hkkjrkrhy elkyk ihd oxkZrhy izeq[k uxnh ihd vkgs- Hkkjrkr Qkj iwohZiklwu

gGnhph ykxoM dsyh tkrs- gGnhyk ikSjkf.kd] ,sfrgkfld] /kkfeZd vkf.k vkS"k/kh egRo vkgs-

egkjk"Vªkr lkaxyh] lkrkjk] dksYgkiwj] lksykiwj] ijHk.kh] ukansM] panziwj] bR;knh ftYg;kar eksB;k

izek.kkoj gGnhph ykxoM dsyh tkrs- gGnhph ykxoM brj ftYg;kae/;s vR;ar vYi izek.kkr

dsyh tkrs- vkrk ukf’kd] uxj] iq.ks] bR;knh ftYg;kae/;s gGnhP;k ykxoMhl lq:okr >kyh

vkgs- egkjk"VªkP;k Hkksxksfyd ifjfLFkrhpk fopkj djrk ;k fidk[kkyhy {ks= vkf.k mRiknu

ok<fo.;klkBh cjkp oko vkgs-

Hkkjrh; vkgkjkr gGnhpk mi;ksx fofo/k izdkjs gksrks- Hkkthe/;s] fr[kVke/;s vkf.k

elkY;kP;k ikoMje/;s mi;ksx gksrks- fganwaP;k /kkfeZd dk;kZr] lkSan;Z izlk/kuklkBh rlsp

yXulekjaHkkr gGnhl vUkU; lk/kkj.k egRo vkgs- gGnhpk mi;ksx vkS"k/kklkBhns[khy gksrks-

gGnhiklwu daqdw r;kj djrkr- [kksdY;koj] Nkrh nq[kY;kl] liZna’kkoj] foapw pkoY;kl]

ewGO;k/k] ewPNkZ ;s.ks] dQ jksxkoj] eqr[kM;koj gGn vkS"k/kh Eg.kwu okijyh tkrs- gGnhe/;s ^v*

thoulRo vlrs- gGnhe/;s jDr ’kq/n dj.;kpk xq.k vkgs- R;kf’kok; gGnheqGs vUunzO;karhy

ikpd nzO;s lqVh gksrkr o vUu yodj iprs-

gokeku vkf.k tehu

gGn g;k fidkl m".k o dksjMs gokeku ekuors- rkieku 200 rs 25

0 lsfYlvl

vuqdwy vlwu ikÅl 70 lsaeh- rs 250 lsaeh- i;Zar pkyrks- ;k fidkl e/;e dkGh ik.;kpk

mRre fupjk gks.kkjh tehu vko’;d vkgs- unhdkBh iks;V;kP;k tfeuhr gGnhps ihd

pkaxys ;srs- dkG;k] fpd.k ekrh o {kkj;qDr pqu[kMhP;k tfeuh gGnhP;k ykxoMhl ;ksX;

ukghr- gGn ykxoMhlkBh fuoMysyh tehu HkqlHkq’khr vlkoh ykxrs- es efgU;kr

ykxOkMhlkBh ik.;kph lks; vlY;kl dksd.kkr ns[khy gGn ;sÅ ’kdrs-

gaxke vkf.k ykxoM i/nrh

gGnhph ykxoM v{k;r`rh;siklwu Eg.kts ,fizyP;k ’ksoVP;k vkBoM;kiklwu rs es efgU;kr

dj.ks vko’;d vkgs- mf’kjkr mf’kjk gGnhph ykxoM twu efgU;kP;k ifgY;k ia/kjoM;kr

djkoh- gGnhP;k ykx.khl m’khj >kY;kl R;kpk mRiknukoj vfu"V ifj.kke >kY;kps fnlwu

iwoZe’kkxr

gGn gs tfeuhr ok<.kkjs [kksM vkgs- R;keqGs tehu ftrdh HkqlHkq’khr frrds gGnhps

mRiknu pkaxys feGrs- R;klkBh tehu mHkh & vkMoh 2&3 osGk 18 rs 22 ls-eh- [kksy

ukax:u ?;koh- ifgyh ukaxj.kh ekpZe/;s djkoh- tehu 15&20 fnol mUgkr rkiw |koh-

R;kuarj nqljh ukaxj.kh d:u <sdGs QksMwu 25 rs 40 Vu pkaxys dqtysys ’ks.k[kr ekrhr

felGwu ?;kos- ,d nksu dqGOkkP;k ikG;k nsÅu brj fidkaps vo’ks"k o /kldVs ospwu tehu

LoPN djkoh- dkgh fBdk.kh esa<;k nsf[ky clorkr-

ykxoM i/nrh

gGnhph ykxoM nksu i/nrhauh dsyh tkrs 1½ ljh&ojack i/nrhus] 2½ :an ojack

i/nrhus-

1½ ljh&ojack i/nr % ;k i/nrhus gGn ykxoM dj.;klkBh 75 lsaeh- varjkoj lÚ;k ikMkO;kr-

ljhP;k nksUgh cktwl nksu xM~M;kae/;s 30 lsaeh- varj Bsowu ykxoM djkoh-

2½ :an ojack i/nr % ;k i/nrhus ykxoM djko;kph >kY;kl 1-5 eh- varjkoj lÚ;k ikMkO;kr

Eg.kts nksu lÚ;kaP;k e/;s 90 lsaeh- rs 1 ehVjpk xknhokQk r;kj gksrks- ;k xknhok¶;koj fdaok

:an ojaC;koj nksu vksGharhy vkf.k nksu >kMkarhy varj 30 lsaeh- Bsowu ykxoM dsyh tkrs- ek=

;k i/nrhr tehu leikrGhr vl.ks vko’;d vkgs- R;keqGs ok¶;kauk lksMysys ik.kh O;ofLFkr

nsrk ;srs vkf.k mRiknu pkaxys ;s.;kl enr gksrs- :an ojack i/nrhe/;s jku cka/k.kh d:u dkgh

fBdk.kh mRiknu vf/kd ?ksrk ;srs-

gGn cs.;kph fuoM vkf.k chtizfØ;k

gGnhph ykxoM dj.;klkBh cs.ks fuoM.;kr n{krk ?ks.ks t:jhps vkgs- gGdqaMs fdaok

vkaxB;kis{kk eksBs xM~Ms okij.ks pkaxys vlrs- izR;sd tsBk xM~M;koj vkB rs ngk dksac vlrkr-

ykxoMhlkBh okij.;kr ;s.kkjs cs.ks twu fdaok MksGs QqVysys] 40 xzWe otukps] eqG;k fojghr

vlkos- uklds] dqtds xM~Ms fc;k.;klkBh oki: u;sr- ykxoMhiwoZ fdMhapk vkf.k cqj’khtU;

jksxtarawpk uk’k dj.;kps n`"Vhus chtizfØ;k dj.ks vR;ko’;d vkgs- R;klkBh DdhukWyQkWl 25

VDds izokgh 20 feyh $ 20 xzWe ckfoLVhu 10 yhVj ik.;kr felGwu nzko.k r;kj djkos- ;k

nzko.kkr fc;k.ks dehr deh 15 rs 20 fefuVs cqMowu ?ksÅu lkoyhr lqdowu ykxoMhlkBh

okijkos- gsDVjh lk/kkj.ki.ks 25 fDoaVy fc;k.ks ykxrs-

gGnhph ykxOkM

gGnhph ykxOkM nksu izdkjs dsyh tkrs- jkucka/k.kh dsY;kuarj izFke eksdG;k jkukl

ik.kh nsÅu okQlk vkY;kuarj ygku dqnGhus vxj [kqjihus ekrh mdYkwu xM~Ms ykx.k djkoh-

;keqGs fc;k.ks ;ksX; varjkoj o [kksyhoj ykoys tkrs-

nqlÚ;k i/nrhus ykxoM djrkuk jkucka/k.kh dsY;kuarj R;ke/;s ik.kh lksMys tkrs- ik.;kcjkscj

ljhP;k nksUgh cktwyk xM~Ms ykorkr- ;k i/nrhyk xM~Ms ekrhr [kksy tk.;kph vkf.k nksu

xM~M;karhy varj lkj[ks u jkg.;kph ’kD;rk vlrs- R;ke/;s fc;k.ks tkLr ykx.ks] xWi iM.ks]

mxo.k gksÅu xM~Ms dqt.ks] bR;knh laHkkO; /kksds ;srkr-

[krs vkf.k ik.kh O;oLFkkiu

gGn fidkl lsafnz; [krkapk Hkjiwj okij djkok- tfeuhP;k izdkjkuqlkj gsDVjh 25 rs

40 Vu pkaxys dqtysys ’ks.k[kr iwoZe’kkxrhP;k osGh nsÅu ekrhr pkaxys felGkos- ;kf’kok;

120 fdyks u=] 60 fdyks LQqjn] vkf.k 60 fdyks ikyk’k izfr gsDVjh |kos- ;kiSdh laiw.kZ

LQqjn o ikyk’k ykxOkMhiwohZ |kos vkf.k u=[krkph ek=k nksu fdaok rhu gIR;kar foHkkxwu

ykxoMhiklwu nhM] rhu o lkMspkj efgU;kauh |koh- gGnhP;k vksGhyxr pj ?ksÅu R;kr [kr

Vkdwu ekrhus >kdwu ?;kos o uarj ik.kh ns.;kr ;kos- R;kuarj osGksoGh 7&8 fnolkaP;k varjkus

ik.;kph ikGh |koh- gGn gs ckxk;rh fid vkgs gGnhl osGsoj ik.kh ns.ks vR;ar t:jhps vkgs-

ihd 9 efgU;kaps >kys Eg.kts fdaok ihd dk<.khl ;srs R;k osGsl >kMkph ikus [kkywu

fioGh iMwu lqdr vlrkuk laiw.kZ jksi nkaM;klg tfeuhoj yksGys dh ik.kh ns.ks can djkos-

gGnhps ihd fu?ks Ik;Zar 18 rs 22 ik.;kP;k ikG;k ykxrkr- ihd dk<.kh vxksnj ,d efguk

ik.kh ns.ks can dsysys vlkos- T;kauk vko’;drk ulsy R;kauh gGn ekpZ & ,fizy e/;s dk<yh

rjh uqdlku gksr ukgh-

vkarje’kkxr vkf.k vkarjfids

gGnhps ’ksr usgeh r.kfojfgr Bsokos- ijarq ;ke/;s jkukph Qkj rqMo.k gks.kkj ukgh

;kph n{krk ?;koh( dkj.k gGnhp dan tfeuhr ikslrkr- tehu ?kV~V >kY;kl gGnhP;k

dankP;k ok<hl vMFkGk gksrks- R;keqGs vko’;drsuqlkj 4 & 5 [kqji.;k djkO;kr- gGn 5 & 6

ikukaoj vkY;kuarj Eg.kts vkWxLVe/;s ljhrhy ekrh md:u ojaC;koj ykokoh- R;keqGs m?kMs

iMysys xM~Ms >kdys tkrkr-

gGnhe/;s feJ fid ?ks.;kph izFkk [kqi twuh vkgs- gGn jksikaph ok< 30 rs 120 lsaeh-

varjkoj loZlk/kkj.ki.ks gksr vlY;kus fjdkE;k Hkkxke/;s Jko.k ?ksoMk vkf.k eqGk gh Hkkthikyk

fids ?ksrk ;srkr- rkfeGukMwe/;s dkgh Hkkxkr gGnhP;k fidke/;s dkank gs vkarjihd Eg.kwu

?ksrkr-

egRokP;k fdMh] jksx vkf.k R;kaps fu;a=.k

dan ek’kh gh Mklk lkj[;k vkdkjkPkh eksBh vlrs- danek’khP;k fu;a=.kklkBh

chtizfdz;k fDoukWyQkWl 20 feyh- 10 yhVj ik.;kr Vkdwu cs.ks 15 rs 20 fefuVs cqMokos-

tfeuhe/;s FkhesV 10 th izfr gsDVjh 20 fdyks ;kizek.ks rhu osGk vkWxLV rs vkWDVkscj efgU;kr

gGn dankyxr ekrhr felGwu fnys vlrk ;k fdMhpk cankscLr gksrks- fdMysY;k xM~M;kaph fuoM

d: u;s-

xM~Mk dqt.ks fdaok ewGdqtO;k %& gaxkekr ej >kysyh >kMs xM~Mk lghr dk<qu ?;kohr- ;k jksxkph

cqj’kh 2 izdkjph vlY;kl ;k jksxkph ikus izFke dMsus oGrkr- dan dqt.ks gk jksx fc;k.ks ;ksX; u

okijY;keqGs vkf.k pkaxyk fupjk ulysY;k fBdk.kh fnlwu ;srks- R;klkBh ;ksX; fupÚ;kph tehu

fuoMkoh- tfeuhe/;s Fkk;je 25 xzWe 10 fyVj ik.;kr foj?kGwu Vkdkos-

ikukojhy fBids o djik %& gk jksx cqj’kheqGs gksrks- ikukojhy fBids] djik ;k jksxkP;k

fu;a=.kklkBh Mk;Fksu ,e & 45 ;k vkS”k/kkph 25 xzWe izrh 10 fyVj ik.;kr felGwu

Qokj.kh nj 15 fnolkaP;k varjkus FkaMhP;k dkyko/khr djkoh-

dk<.kh vkf.k mRiknu

gGnhps ihd 8 &9 efgU;kar r;kj gksrs- xM~Ms iDds >kY;koj gGnhph ikus fioGh

iMwu lqdw ykxrkr vkf.k tfeuhoj yksGrkr- dk<.kh vxksnj tfeuhP;k exnqjkuqlkj 15

fnol rs 1 efguk fidkl ik.kh ns.ks can djkos- okGysyk ikyk tfeuhyxr foG;kus dkiwu

?;kok- gGnhph dk<.kh ;ksX; vksykok vlY;kps ikgwu dan dqnGhus [k.kwu dk<kosr-

dk<.khP;k osGh xM~M;kauk btk gks.kkj ukgh ;kph n{krk ?;koh- dan o gGdqaMs osxosxGh osp.kh

d:u xksGk djkohr- fc;k.;klkBh xM~Ms ;ksX; fBdk.kh lkBokos] dqtysys xM~Ms osxGs d:u u”V

djkosr] uarj xksykdkj <hx d:u frFks gok [ksGrh jkghy v’kh tkxk Bsokoh nj ia/kjk fnolkauh

xM~M;kauk vkiksvki dksac QqV.;kl lqjokr gksrs

,dk gsDVjiklwu 300 rs 400 fDoaVy vksyh gGn vkf.k 25 rs 30 fDoaVy xksy

xM~Ms feGrkr- tkfrijRos mRiknuns[khy tkLr feGrs-

vkys ykxoM ra=Kku

izkLrkfod

egkjk"Vªkr loZ Hkkxkr vkY;kph ykxoM deh vf/kd izek.kkr dsyh tkrs- vkY;ke/;s

vkS"k/kh xq.k/keZ vlY;keqGs gs ,d egRokps ihd vkgs- egkjk"Vªkr vkY;kph ykxoM QDr lkrkjk]

Bk.ks o jk;xM ftYg;krp gksÅ ’kdrs vlk let vlY;keqGs ;k fidkpk izlkj Qkjlk >kysyk

ukgh( ijarq vU; ftYg;kargh ;k fidkph ykxoM gksÅ ’kdrs- lkaxyh] iq.ks] dksYgkiwj]

vgenuxj] vkSjaxkckn ftYg;kargh vkrk vkY;kph ykxoM ok<yh vkgs-

vkY;kps mRiknu elkyk fid Eg.kwu rlsp vkS"k/kh ouLirh Eg.kwu eksB;k izek.kkoj

?ksrys tkrs- vkY;kpk mi;ksx [kksdY;koj djrkr- rlsp R;kiklwu yks.kps o lqaB cuforkr-

vkY;kpk mi;ksx pkWdysVe/;slq/nk vyhdMP;k dkGkr gksÅ ykxyk vkgs- vkY;kP;k

fu;kZrhyklq/nk pkaxyk oko vkgs-

gokeku o tehu

e/;e izrhph] ik.;kpk pkaxyk fupjk gks.kkjh tehu vkY;klkBh ;ksX; vlrs- Hkkjh]

ik.kFkG] [kkjV o fpoV tfeuhr vkY;kph ok< O;ofLFkr gksr ukgh- gyD;k eqjekM tfeuhr

Hkjiwj ’ks.k[kr ?kkrY;kl v’kk tfeuhrgh vkY;kph pkaxyh ok< gksrs- ijarq v’kk tfeuhl

ojpsoj ik.kh ns.ks vko’;d vlrs- dsjG jkT;ke/;s gs ihd fuOoG ikolkGh ?ksrys tkrs- ,fizy&es

efgU;krhy 30 rs 35 lsfYlvl rkieku vkY;kP;k mxo.khlkBh vuqdwy vlrs- vkY;kP;k

ok<hlkBh m".k o neV vkf.k fgokG;kr FkaM gok mi;qDr vkgs-

,dkp tfeuhr vkY;kP;k fidkuarj vkY;kps ihd ?ksÅ u;s( dkj.k vkY;koj ;s.kkÚ;k

jksxkaP;k jksxtarwph chtwds vkf.k fdMh ;kaP;k vG;k o dks’k tfeuhr vlrkr o R;keqGs iq<hy

vkY;kP;k fidkoj ;k fdMhapk eksB;k izek.kkoj izknqHkkZo gksrks- vkys fidkuarj tfeuhr

fejph] dkank] HkqbZewx] Ål] fgjoGhP;k [krkaph fids ?;kohr-

mUur ok.k

egkjk"Vªkr izkeq[;kus vkY;kP;k ekfge ;k LFkkfud ukokus vksG[kY;k tk.kkÚ;k

ok.kkph ykxoM dsyh tkrs- ;kf’kok; fj;ks fn&tsusjks] fpuh] teSdk] tikuh] dksphu]

Lkq:ph] lqjHkh] lqizHkkr] ok;ukM] ekju bR;knh lq/kkjhr tkrh vkgsr- ’ksrkr ewGdqtO;k jksx

vlsy v’kk ’ksrkrhy dan ykxoMhlkBh oki: u;s-

vfHko`/nh

vkY;kph ykxoM QqxysY;k MksG;kaP;k cksVkaiklwu djrkr- vankts 25&30 xzWe

otukps cksV ¼rqdMs@dqMh½ jksxfojghr lkBo.khrwu dk<ysys ykxoMhlkBh okijrkr- R;koj

1&2 jlj’khr MksGs vlkosr- gsDVjh 1]500 & 1]800 fdyks cs.ks ykxrs-

gaeke vkf.k ykxoM i/nrh

tehu ukaxjkus 15 rs 20 lsafVehVj [kksy ukax:u <sdGs QksMwu HkqlHkq’khr djkoh-

tehu r;kj djrkuk ’ks.k[kr fdaok daiksLV [kr 25 rs 30 Vu izrh gsDVjh n;kos-

vkY;kph ykxoM likV ok¶;koj] :an ojack i/nr fdaok ljh i/nrhus djrkr- es

efgU;kP;k ifgY;k vkBoM;kr ykxoM dsY;kl mRiknukr ok< gksrs- tehu gydh vlY;kl 3

x 2 ehVjps likV okQs djkosr- e/;e o Hkkjh tfeuhr ljh ojacs r;kj djkosr gs djrkuk nksu

ojC;kae/khy varj 60 lsa-eh- Bsokos- 20 lsa-eh- maphps o 3 eh ykachps o 1 ehVj :anhps xknh

okQs djkosr-

[krs vkf.k ik.kh O;oLFkkiu

vf/kd mRiknuklkBh gsDVjh 25 & 30 Vu dqtysys ’ks.k[kr ykxoMhiwohZ |kos-

vkY;kP;k fidkyk gsDVjh 75 fdyks u=] 50 fdyks LQqjn vkf.k 25 fdyks ikyk’k izrh

gsDVjh jklk;fud [krkP;k Lo:ikr |kos- vkY;kph ykxoM djrkuk u=kpk fuEek gIrk Eg.ktsp

37-5 fdyks] 50 fdyks LQqjn o 25 fdyks ikyk’k ns[khy tfeuhr felGkos- ykxoMhuarj 40

fnolkauh fuEes u= Eg.ktsp 37-5 fdyks izrh gsDVj n;kos ;k u=kP;k gIR;kuarj 30 fnolkauh

moZjhr r.kkapk cankscLr dj.ks vko’;d vkgs- vkYks ykxoM dsY;kuarj ik.kh O;oLFkkiu dj.sk

vko’;d vkgs R;klkBh ikolkGk laiY;kuarj 6 rs 8 fnolkauh ik.kh fnys ikfgts-

vkarje’kkxr vkf.k vkarjfids

vkY;ke/;s ykxoMhuarj fgjO;k ikukaP;k vkPNknukpk okij djkok- izR;sd u=;qDr

[krkpk gIrk fnY;koj ekrh p<okoh- r.kkapk cankscLr dj.ks vko’;d vkgs-

egRokP;k fdMh] jksx vkf.k R;kaps fu;a=.k

danek’kh ;kaP;k fu;a=.kklkBh ykxoMhiwohZ chtizfØ;k djkoh- fujksxh dankph fuoM

djkoh ykxoMhiwohZ ’ksrkr 10 fdyks QksjsV izrh gsDVj vkf.k 0-05 VDds QsfuVªksfFk;ku gh

fdVduk’kds ns.;kr ;koh-

vkY;kojhy eqGdwtO;k jksxkpk izknqHkkZo tfeuhr ik.kh lkpY;kus gksrks- jksxxzLr vkys

jksx fnlwu ;srkp dk<qu u"V djkos- dan esVWfyfDlyP;k 0-3 VDds nzko.kkr 1 xWzEk cqMfoY;kl

jksx vkVksD;kr ;srks-

dk<.kh o mRiknu

vksY;k vkY;klkBh ykxoMhuarj 6 & 8 efgU;kauh ikus fioGh iMY;koj fdaok

okGY;kuarj ihd dk<.khlkBh ;ksX; gksrs- ek= laqB r;kj dj.;klkBh ikyk okGwu [kkyh iMY;koj

Eg.kts 210 rs 220 fnolkauh dqnGhus vkY;kph dk<.kh djkoh- lq/kkjhr i/nrhus ykxoM

dsY;kl gsDVjh 10 rs 15 Vu mRiknu feGrs- lqaBklkBh vkY;kP;k dankuk jk=Hkj ik.;kr

fHktokos] LoPN d:u ?;kos] lky dk<koh o 7 rs 8 fnol mUgkr okGokos-

gGnhps izks Vªs jksiokVhdk vkf.k mRiknu ra=Kku

gGn gs m".kdVhca/kh; okrkoj.kkr ?ksrys tk.kkjs fid vkgs- gs Hkkjrhrhy frljs

egRokps elkys fid vkgs- gGn gs okGoysys dan vkgs- rlsp rs e`ndk"Bh; >kM vkgs- gGnhps

vkXus; vkf’k;k gs mxeLFkku vkgs- gGnhpk okij elkyk rlsp vkS”k/k vkf.k lkSan;Z

izlk/kukr gksrks- Hkkjrkr gGnh[kkyhy {ks= 172000 gs- vkf.k mRiknu 851-700 Vu

vkgs- Hkkjrkr vka/kzizns’k gGn mRiknukr vx zslj vkgs- R;kpcjkscj egkjk"Vª] rkfeGukMq]

vksjhlk] dsjG vkf.k fcgkj ;k jkT;kar gs fid ?ksrys tkrs-

ch- ,l- vkj- & 1] 2] izfrHkk] jaxk] j’eh] jksek] lqjHkk] izHkk] lqxq.kk] lqn’kZuk]

lqo.kkZ

gokeku o tehu

HkqlHkq’khr] pkaxyk fupjk gks.kkjh] xkGkph ekrh okijkoh- m".kdVhca/kh; gokeku

gGnhlkBh ;ksX; vlrs-

ykxoMhpk gaxke es & twu

dan izfdz;k % dan QkslkykWu 35 bZ-lh- 2 feyh@fy fdaok eksuksdzksVksQkWl 36 MCyw- ,l- lh-

2 feyh@fy nzko.kkr fdaok 0-3 VDds dkWij vkWDlh DyksjkbZM nzko.kkr 30 feuhVs cqMowu

Bsokosr vkf.k dkscsZau Ms>he 2 xzWe izrh fyVj nzko.kkr cqMowu dk<kosr rlsp lqMkseksukl

¶yqjkslUl 5 xzWe@fdyks vkf.k Vªk;dksMekZ OghjhMh 5 xzWe@fdyks ;kph danizfdz;k djkoh-

vfHko`/nh% ekr`dan vkf.k NksVs dan ¼1500 rs 2000 fdyks@gs½

ikjaikfjdi/nrhps rksVs

1- ykxoMhlkBh [kqi tkLr dan ykxrkr ¼izfr gsDVjh 2-5 Vu@gs½

2- ykxoMhlkBh daneqGkapk izfrgsDVjh [kpZ tkLr ;srks ¼75000 rs 100000@gs½

3- fid e/;e izek.kkr txrs

4- dan ykxoMhuarj ikp efgU;kr r;kj gksrs-

5- pkaxY;k izfrP;k fc;k.;kph derjrk vkgs-

Qk;ns%& ,d MksGk i/nr

1- ykxoMhlkBh deh fc;k.ks ykxrs-

2- deh fc;k.ks ykxr vlY;kus deh gsDVjh [kpZ ;srks-

3- fid tkLr izek.kkr txrs-

4- dan yodj r;kj gksrkr- ¼rhu efgU;kr½

5- pkaxY;k izfrPks dan mRiknhr gksrkr-

6- r;kj jksis xknhokQk fdaok ljh ojaC;koj ykork ;srkr-

7- ykxoMhpk dkyko/kh ok<fo.ks ’kD; vkg s-

8- RkkT;k dankps mRiknu gs lk/kkj.k dankP;k ljkljh 25 VDD;kauh tkLr feGrs-

okGfo.ks

dan izfdz;k ¼1 & 1½ efgus dk<.khuarj½

dan izfdz;k ¼dkcsZuMk>he 2 xzWe@fy- $ eksuksdksVksQkWl 2 feyh@fy-½

dan ,d MksGk Bsoqu dki.ks ¼5 & 7 xzWe½

,d MksGk vlysys dan ukjGkP;k >koG;kaoj okGokos

,d MksGk vlysyh dan dksdksihVe/;s >kdkos

ok¶;koj ik.kh f’kaiMkos ¼4 fnol½

dksac vkysys dan izks Vsª e/;s ykokos

¼dksdksihV@100 xzWe $ lqMkseksukl ¶yqjkslUl 5 xzWe½ $ Vªk;dksMekZ OghjhMh 5 xzWe

izks Vsª IyWLVhd isij us vkPNknu djkos ¼7 fnol½

QqVysY;k dksackps fuj{k.k djkos

izks Vsª 50 VDds lkoyhr Bsoqu fu;ehr ik.kh |kos

QqVos vkY;kuarj 0-5 VDds g;qfed vWlhM Qokjkos-

jksis iq.kZykxoMhlkBh r;kj ¼30&35 fnol½

yk[khckx ykxoM ra=Kku

egkjk"Vªkr ukjGk[kkyhy {ks= gs izkeq[;kus dksd.k foHkkxke/;s vk<Grs- gs {ks= lqekjs

31]000 gsDVj gsDVj brds vkgs- Bk.ks] jk;xM] jRukfxjh vkf.k fla/kqnqxZ ;k dksd.kkrhy pkjgh

ftYg;ke/;s ukjGkph ykxoM eksB;k izek.kkr vkgs-

ukjGkph ykxoM fo’ks”kr% ik.;kph ckjekgh miyC/krk vlysY;k Hkkxkr dsysyh

vk<Grs- ukjGkph ykxoM ;ksX; varjkoj Eg.kts 7-5 rs 8 ehVj varjkoj dsysyh vlsy rj e/kY;k

eksdG;k tkxsr vkarjfids ?ksÅu vf/kd mRiUu ?ksrk ;srs- ek= ykxoM vko’;d R;k ;ksX;

varjkoj ulY;kl vkarjfids ?ks.ks Qk;ns’khj Bjr ukgh-

MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñf"k fo|kihBkus la’kks/kukP;k vk/kkjkoj vf/kd mRiUu

ns.kkjh elkyk fidkaph yk[khckx in~/krh f’kQkjl dsyh vkgs- R;ke/;s ukjG] elkykfids ;kapk

izkeq[;kus lkekos’k vlwu ukjG ckxsiklqu vf/kd ykHk ns.kkjs mRiUu feGw ’kdrs R;k fofo/k

yk[khckx in~/krhfo"k;hph ekfgrh letwu ?ksÅ;k-

yk[khckx in~/krh & 1

;k i/nrhe/;s 4 ukjG feGwu vki.k ykxoMhpk ,d pkSjl /kjY;kl

1½ ;k {ks=ke/;s 4 ukjG >kMs vkgsr-

2½ R;kaoj izR;sdh 2 dkGhfejh vkgsr-

3½ pkj ukjGkph >kMs pkSjlkps f’kjksfcanw /kjY;kl pkSjlkps d.kZ ftFks Nsnrkr frFks tk;QG

ykokos-

4½ rj nksu ukjGkaP;ke/;s 1 vls pkjgh cktwyk 4 nkyfpuhph >kMs ykokohr-

R;keqGs ,dk pkSjlkr 4 ukjG >kMs ykxoMh lkscr R;ke/;s vki.k 8 dkGhfejhps osy] 1

tk;QG] 4 nkyfpuh ;kizek.ks elkyk fidkaph >kMs ykokohr ts.ksd:u ,d ,dj {ks=ke/;s &

70 ukjG >kMs] 140 dkGhfejhps osy] 123 nkyfpuh >kMs ykokohr- R;klkBh ykx.kkjk ,dw.k

[kpZ : 1]39]276@& gksrks rj R;kiklwu ,dw.k mRiUu : 2]80]015@& feGrs-

ukjG elkykfids yk[khckx in~/krh 1 izek.ksp ukjG vkf.k elkykfids ykokoh

rlsp ;ke/;s vuul ¼64 izrh pkSdksu½ ;k fidkpk vkarHkkZo djkok- R;keqGs izrh ,djh &

70 ukjG >kMs] 140 dkGhfejhps osy] 123 nkyfpuh >kMs] 54 tk;QG >kMs vkf.k

3465 vuul ykokosr- R;klkBh ykx.kkjk ,dw.k [kpZ :- 2]27]226@& gksrks rj R;kiklwu

,dw.k mRiknu & :- 3]79]015@& feGrs-

ukjG elkyk fids yk[khckx in~/krh 1 izek.ksp ukjG] dkGhfejh] nkyfpuh]

tk;QG ;k fidkaph ykxoM djkoh- R;kcjkscj izR;sd ukjGkP;k jkaxsr 2 lqikjhpk vkarHkkZo

djkok R;k lqikjhoj OgWfuykph ykxOkM djkoh- R;keqGs izrh ,djh & 70 ukjG >kMs] 140

dkGhfejhps osy] 123 nkyfpuh >kMs] 54 tk;QG >kMs] 246 lqikjh >kMs vkf.k 246

OgWfuyk ykokosr R;klkBh ykx.kkjk Ikzrh ,djh ,dw.k [kpZ :- 2]82]246@& gksrks rj

R;kiklwu ,dw.k mRimju & :- 5]86]015@& feGrs-

ukjG elkyk fids yk[khckx in~/krh 1 izek.ks ukjG] dkGhfejh] tk;QG] nkyfpuh

;kaph ykxoM djkoh vkf.k oMhP;k vGwph ykxoM e/kY;k eksdG;k tkxsr djkoh- R;keqGs

izrh ,dj & 70 ukjG >kMs] 140 dkGhfejhps osy] 123 nkyfpuh >kMs] 54 tk;QG >kMs

vkf.k 2430 oMhP;k vGwph ykxOkM djkoh R;klkBh ykx.kkjk izrh ,djh ,dw.k [kpZ :-

3]46]269@& vkf.k R;kiklwu ,dw.k mRiknu :- 5]10]015@& brds feGrs-

ukjG elkyk fids yk[khckx in~/krh 4 izek.ks ukjG] dkGhfejh] tk;QG] nkyfpuh

;kaph ykxoM djkoh vkf.k oMhP;k vGw ,soth fyyh ;k Qqyfidkpk vkarHkkZo djkok- R;keqGs

izrh ,dj & 70 ukjG >kMs] 140 dkGhfejhps osy] 123 nkyfpuh >kMs] 54 tk;QG >kMs

vkf.k 2430 fyyh ykxoM djkoh R;klkBh ykx.kkjk izrh ,djh ,dw.k [kpZ

:- 2]54]441@& vkf.k R;kiklwu ,dw.k mRiknu :- :- 3]80]015@& brds feGrs-

ukjGke/;s elkyk fids gh vkarjihd Eg.kwu ?ksrkuk vusd iz’u eukr ;s.;kph ’kD;rk

vkgs- T;k ukjGkyk 7-5 x 7-5 ehVj varj ykxrs R;ke/khy tkxsr elkY;kph fids vkarjihds

?ksÅu foijhr ifj.kke rj gks.kkj ukgh uk\ lgkftdp vkgs gk iz’u- i.k ’kkL=ksDr Hkk"ksr

lkaxk;ps rj ukjGkyk Hkjiwj l q;Zizdk’k vkf.k neV gokeku ekuors- ;kP;k cjkscj myV ;k loZ

elkyfidkauk v/kZlkoyh] neV gokeku ekuors- ts ukjGkP;k ckxsr uSlfxZdfjR;k miyC/k

vlrs- dkGhfejhyk vk/kkjkph xjt vlrs frph vk/kkj ?ks.kkjh eqGs ukjGkP;k [kksMkyk idMrkr

R;keqGs osy ok<rks- osykyk dkGhfejh /kjrkr- i.k ;k osykph eqGs ukjGkP;k [kksMkrhy vUu ok

ik.kh ’kks"kwu ?ksr ukghr-

tfeuhP;k [kkyhgh ukjGkP;k ewGkaP;k vkf.k tk;QG] nkyfpuh ;k >kMoxhZ;

elkykfidkaP;k ewGkaPkk Li/ksZpk iz’u mRiUu gksr ukgh- dkj.k ukjGkph eqGs rarwe; vlrkr rj

tk;QG nkyfpuh ;kaph eqGs [kksy tk.kkjh lksVeqGs vlrkr- lkaxk;ps rkRi;Z ,o<sp gh loZ >kMs

,desdk lgk¸; d: v’kk Hkkousr ,dkp tfeuhr] ,d nqlÚ;kyk vk/kkj nsr lkoyh nsr ok<rkr

vkf.k R;kp tkxsrwu vf/kd mRiUu nsrkr-

R;klkBh vV ,dp vkgs rh Eg.kts ;ksX; varjkoj ukjG ckxsph ykxoM vlsy rj izR;sd

>kMkyk vko’;drsuqlkj ik.kh] ’ks.k[kr] Hkj[kr@xkaMqG[kr vkf.k oj[krs n;kohr- ,dw.k ykxoM

{ks=krwu vf/kdkf/kd mRiUUk dk<kos- cÚ;kp osGsyk vlkgh iz’u fopkjyk tkrks dh ukjG ckxsr

elkyk fids ykowu ukjGkps mRiUu deh ukgh dk ;sbZy \ ;kykgh mRrj vls gksr ukgh vlsp

vkgs- MkW- ckGklkgsc lkoar dksd.k Ñf"k fo|kihBke/;s elkykfidkaps vkarjihd ?ksry;keqGs

rlsp R;k ckxsph ;ksX; fuxk ?ksrY;keqGs elkyk fidkaP;k mRiUukrwu tknk uQk feGkyk vkgs

vkf.k egRokps Eg.kts ukjGkpsgh mRiUu ok<ys vkgs- Eg.kwu ukjG ykxoM vlysY;k ’ksrdjh oxkZl

,dp lans’k n;koklk okVrks rks Eg.kts vf/kd mRiknu feGo.;klkBh Rojhr ukjG elkykfidkaph

ykxoM djk-

ukjG elkyk ckx izdkj & 1 Coconut Spices Module – 1

fidkps uko la[;k

izfr pkSjl

Crop No. Per Square

Plantper acre

ukjG 4 70 Coconut 4 70

dkGhfejh 8 140 Black pepper 8 140

nkyfpuh 4 123 Cinnamon 4 123

tk;QG 1 54 Nutmeg 1 54

,dw.k [kpZ ¼laHkkO;½ ¼izfr ,djh½

:- 1]39]276@&

Estimated Expenditure (Per acre)

Rs. 1,39,276/-

,dw.k mRiUu ¼laHkkO;½ ¼izfr ,djh½

:- 2]80]015@&

Estimated Income (Per acre)

Rs. 2,80,015/-

ukjG elkyk ckx izdkj & 2 Coconut Spices Module– 2

fidkps uko la[;k

izfr pkSjl

,djh la[;k Crop No. Per Square

Plantper acre

vuul 64 3465 Pineapple 64 3465

:- 2]27]226@&

Estimated Expenditure (Per acre)Rs. 2,27,226/-

:- 3]79]015@&

Estimated Income (Per acre)Rs. 3,79,015/-

fidkps uko la[;kizfr pkSjl

,djh la[;k

Crop No. Per Square

Plantper acre

Ogfuyk 8 246 Vanilla 8 246

lqikjh 8 246 Arecanut 8 246

:- 2]82]246@&

:- 5]86]015@&

fidkps uko la[;kizfr pkSjl

,djh la[;k

Crop No. Per Square

Plantper acre

oMhpk vGw 45 2430 Xanthosoma 45 2430

:- 3]46]269@&

:- 5]10]015@&

tk;QG lkyhiklwu fVdkÅ inkFkZ

tk;QG lkyhps otu 60 VDds vlrs- rlsp tk;QG lkyhe/;s vkS”k/kh xq.k/keZ o

ikSf”Vdrk vlY;keqGs tk;QGkP;k lkyhiklwu flji] eqjack] dWaMh o yks.kps bR;knh inkFkZ

djrk ;srkr-

tk;QGlkyhpk eqjack%

eqjack r;kj dj.;klkBh tk;QGlkyh /kqÅu ?ksÅu R;kojhy ikrG lky dk<wu 5

lsehps rqdMs djkosr- gs rqdMs 2 VDds feBkP;k nzko.kkr ¼1 yhVj ik.;kr 20 xzWe ehB½

okQowu ?ksrY;keqGs lkyhrhy rqjVi.kk deh gksrks- rarj QksMh 40 VDds lk[kjsP;k ¼400 xzW-

lk[kj izfr fdyks ikd½ ikdkr mdGwu jk=Hkj BsokO;kr- nqlÚ;k fno’kh QksMh dk<wu jkfgYksY;k

lk[kjsP;k ikdkr vk.k[kh FkksMh lk[kj Vkdwu 50 VDds ikd r;kj ¼500 xzW- lk[kj izfr fdyks

ikd½ djkok- R;kr rs rqdMs ijr mdGwu rlsp jk=Hkj Bsokosr- gh fØ;k lk[kjsPkk ikd 70 rs

75 VDds gksbZi;Zar ijr ijr djkoh- uarj mdGwu dksjM;k dsysY;k cj.khr rs rqdMs BsÅu R;koj

jkfgysyk lk[kjspk ikd vksrkok cj.khps >kd.k ?kV~V ykowu gokcan djkos-

tk;QGlkyhph dWaMh 2-

tk;QGdWaMh tk;QGlkyhP;k eqjaC;kiklwu dsyh tkr- ek= rRiwohZ tk;QGlkyhP;k

eqjaC;krhy ikdkph rhozrk75 rs 80 va’k fozDl djkoh- ¼;kpkp vFkZ ikd rhus rs pkj rkjh

vlkok½ lnj eqjkack rlkp vk.k[kh ,d vkBoMk Bsokok- uarj lk[kjspk ikd fuFkGwu dk<kok-

eqjaC;kP;k QksMh eyey dkiMkyk iqlwu ?ksÅu R;k lw;Zizdk’kkr vxj okGo.kh ;a=kr

okGokO;kr ;k okGysY;k tk;QGlkyhP;k eqjkaC;kP;k QksMh Eg.ktsp tk;QG dWaMh gks;-

tk;QG dWaMh ikWfyfFku fi’kohr lhycan djkoh-

3- tk;QGlkyhps ljcr

ljcr r;kj dj.;klkBh tk;QGlkyhojhy ckgsjhy ikrGs lky dk<wu R;kps 5 rs 7

ls-eh-ps rqdMs djkosr- gs rqdMs 2 VDds feBkP;k nzko.kkr ¼1 fyVj ik.;kr 20 xzW- ehB½

okQowu ?ksrY;keqGs lkyhrhy rqjVi.kk deh gksrks- uarj QksMh FkaM ik.;kus /kqowu ?ksÅu 1 fdyks

QksMhlkBh 1-5 fyVj ik.kh ?ksÅu 30 rs 40 fefuVs QksMh uje gksbZi;Zar f’ktokO;kr- uarj rs

feJ.k eyeyP;k LoPN dkiMkr ?ksÅu jl fiGwu dk<kok- 1 fdyks xkGysY;k tk;QGlkyhP;k

jlklkBh 2 fdyks lkj o 24 xzWe lk;fVªd vkEy felGwu FkksMs xje djkos o feJ.kkr iksVWf’k;e

esVkck;lYQkbZV gs ifjj{kd 700 feyhxzWe izfr fdyks ljcr ;k izek.kkr felGwu ljcr FkksMs

xje vlrkukp rs ckvY;kr Hk:u gokcan djkos- lnj ljcrkpk vkLokn ?ksrkuk 1-5 iV ik.kh

felGkos- phoiqjrs ehB ?kkykos-

tk;QGlkyhps yks.kps 3-

yks.kP;klkBh tk;QGkP;k rkT;k lkyh /kqowu R;kojhy ckgsjhy ikrG lky dk<wu

vkiY;k vkoMhizek.ks NksVs rqdMs djkosr- lnj QksMhauk izekf.kr ?kVdkary ehB o gGn ykowu

ik.kh fup:u dk<kos- uarj vkack yks.kP;kizek.ksp esFkh] fgax ikoMj o eksgjhph MkG ;kaph fuEes

izek.kkr xksMsrsy ?ksÅu QksM.kh |koh QksM.kh FkksMh FkaM >kY;koj tk;QGkP;k r;kj QksMhr

felGkoh- yks.kps tkLr dkG fVd.;klkBh 1 fdyksl 250 feyhxzWe lksfM;e csU>ks,V felGwu

yks.kps futZarqd dsysY;k cj.khr HkjY;kuarj f’kYyd jkfgysys vkf.k mdGwu FkaM dsysys xksMsrsy

ckVyhr vksrkos- rsykph ikrGh yks.kP;koj jkghy ;kph dkGth ?;koh- cj.;k >kd.k ykowu can

djkO;kr vkf.k FkaM o dksjM;k fBdk.kh BsokO;kr- vkjksX;o/kZd yks.kph r;kj djrkuk deh

elkY;kph] deh rsykph] deh ehB ?kkrysyh] ponkj o loZ ikSf”Vd xq.k/keZ fVdfoysyh

vlkohr- yks.kP;klkBh iq<hy izek.kkr lkfgR; okijkos-

1- tk;QGkP;k QksMh & 1-5 fdyks

2- ehB ¼rkiowu ?ksrysys½ & 250 xzW-

3- esFkh & 20 xzW-

4- gGn iwM & 30 xzW-

5- fgax & 40 xzW-

6- yky fejph ikoMj & 48 xzW-

7- eksgjh MkG & 100 xzW-

8- xksMsrsy & 400 xzW-

gGnhojhy izfdz;k ra=Kku

gGn f’kto.ks

’ksrkrwu [k.kwu dk<ysyh gGn vkiY;k jkstP;k mi;ksxklkBh okijrk ;sr ukgh- rh

f’ktowu izfdz;k d:u okijkoh ykxrs- gGn gh yks[kaMh d<bZe/;s ikajifjd i/nrhus f’ktfoyh

tkrs- ;k d<;k fofo/k Hkkxkar fofo/k {kersP;k vlY;kps fnlwu vkys vkgs- loZlk/kkj.ki.ks

nksu fDoaVy vksyh gGn clsy ;k {kersiklwu 8 rs 10 fDoaVy gGn eko.kkÚ;k d<;k

vlrkr-

;k d<bZr gGn Hk:u ojrh gGnhpk ikyk o xks.kikV Vkdwu d<bZps ojps rksaM can

d:u gGn f’ktorkr- dkgh fBdk.kh d<bZP;k ojrh v/kZxksykdkj i/nrhus gGn Hk:u ojhy

rksaM ikyk Vkdwu fp[ky ekrhus fyaiwu ?ksÅu gGn f’ktfoyh tkrs- tso<h gGn d<bZe/;s

f’ktorkuk tkLr Hkjyh tkbZy R;kizek.ks R;k gGnhl f’kt.;kl dkyko/kh ykxsy- v’kk

i/nrhus d<bZP;k rGktoGhy gGn tkLr f’ktrs- dkgh osGk djirs- v’kk gGnhl yks[kaMh gGn

vls Eg.krkr- ojhy Hkkxkrhy gGn dPph jkg.;kph ’kD;rk vlrs- dkj.k d<bZP;k ojhy

>kd.k gs iw.kZi.ks gokcan ulrs- v’kk gGnhl pdkdh pkaxyh ;sr ukgh- ikWfy’k djrsosGh frps

rqdMs mMrkr- ifj.kkeh v’kk ekykl cktkjHkko pkaxyk feGr ukgh- R;klkBh d<bZr gGn

f’ktok;ph vlY;kl gGnhP;k Fkjkojrh 5 rs 8 lsaeh- ik.kh jkghy brds ik.kh Vkdwu R;koj

gGnhpk ikyk Vkdwu xks.kikVkus >kdwu f’ktokoh Eg.kts gGn ;ksX; izdkjs vkf.k deh osGkr

vkf.k deh ba/kukr f’ktrs-

;kf’kok; gGn f’ktfo.;kP;k uohu i/nrhuqlkj rsykP;k cWjyps lfPNnz Mªe r;kj

d:u R;ke/;s gGn Hk:u ewGP;k d<bZr QDr ik.kh Vkdwu mdGR;k ik.;kr gs Mªe Bsowu gGn

f’ktoyh vlrk gGn ;ksX; izdkjs f’ktrs- ;k dkeh deh osG] deh etwj o deh ba/ku ykxrs-

v’kk ekykl pkaxyh pdkdh ;srs] ifj.kkeh cktkjHkko pkaxyk feGrks- v’kk i/nrhpk okij

dsY;kl deh osGkr gGn O;ofLFkr f’ktfoyh tkrs vkf.k etwj] Je] ba/ku ;kapk viO;;

VkGrk ;srks-

gGn okGo.ks

f’ktoysyh gGn gh pkaxY;k dBh.k Qj’khP;k vxj flesaV dkWadzhVP;k [kG;koj okGokoh

ykxrs- R;klkBh rkMi=h fdaok ckacwP;k pV;k ;kapk okij djkok- gGn okGfo.;klkBh tfeuhoj

Vkdw u;s- gGn okGfo.;kl 10 rs 15 fnolkapk dkyko/kh vko’;d vlrks- <xkG okrkoj.k

vlY;kl gGn okGfo.;kl tkLr fnol ykxrkr- ;k dkGkr gGn ikÅl] no] /kqds ;kae/;s

lkiM.kkj ukgh ;kph dkGth ?;koh- ikÅl ;sbZy v’kh ifjfLFkrh vlY;kl la/;kdkGh gGn xksGk

djkoh vkf.k rkMi=h[kkyh >kdwu Bsokoh- iqUgk nqlÚ;k fno’kh mUgkr iljkoh- okGr ?kkrysyh

gGn fHktY;kl frP;k izrhoj ifj.kke gksrks- ifj.kkeh ekykl Hkko pkaxyk feGr ukgh-

gGn ikWfy’k dj.ks

f’ktowu] okGowu r;kj >kysyh gGn vki.k fodzhlkBh ikBow ’kdr ukgh- dkj.k rh

vkd"kZd fnlr ukgh- gGdqaMkojhy lky vkf.k ekrhpk Fkj dkgh va’kh ;k gGdqaMkoj clysyk

vlrks- R;klkBh gGn gh dBh.k i`"BHkkxkoj ?kklkoh ykxrs- ?kklY;kuarj gGdqaMkojhy lky o

dkgh ekrhps d.k fu?kwu tkrkr- gGdqaM xqGxqGhr gksrs- R;kyk pkaxyh pdkdh] fioGsi.kk ;srks

vkf.k rs vkd"kZd fnlrs- v’kk ekykl pkaxyk cktkjHkko feGrks- ;klkBh gGnhyk ikWfy’k dj.ks

xjtsps vlrs- gGn deh vlY;kl gkrkr xks.kikV ?ksÅu ikWfy’k dsys tkrs- tkLr gGn vlY;kl

ik.;kP;k cWjypk Mªe r;kj d:u R;kyk loZ= fNnz ikMwu LVWM o d.kk clowu R;kpk mi;ksx

ikWfy’klkBh djrk ;srks- ;kf’kok; ;kp rRokoj eksB s Mcs r;kj d:u rs bysfDVªd eksVkjoj fQjowu

gGnhps ikWfy’k O;kikjh rRokoj d:u feGrs-

dkGhfejh dk<.kh ik’pkr ra=Kku

dk<.kh

ykxoM dsY;kuarj rhu o"kkZuarj mRiUu lq: gksrs- es & twu efgU;ke/;s rqjs ;srkr rj

tkusokjh rs ekpZ ;k dkyko/khr fejhps ?kksl dk<.;klkBh r;kj gksrkr- ?kkslke/khy ,d rs

nksu e.kh fioGs vxj ukjaxh >kY;kuarj R;k osykojhy loZ ?kksl dk<kosr- dk<ysY;k ?kkslkrhy

fejhps nk.ks vyx djkosr vkf.k gs nk.ks mUgkr okGokosr- lqekjs lkr rs ngk fnol nk.ks mUgkr

okGokos ykxrkr- EgSlwj ;sFkhy dsafnz; vUu ra=Kku la’kks/ku laLFksus ntsZnkj dkGhfejh r;kj

dj.;klkBh ’kkL=h; i/nr fodflr dsyh vkgs- ;k i/nrhr fejh nk.ks dk<wu mdGR;k ik.;kr

1 fefuV cqMowu dk<rkr vkf.k uarj 3 rs 4 fnol mUgkr lqdorkr- ;k i/nrhps vusd Qk;ns

vk<Gys vkgsr-

1- fejhps nk.ks rhu fnolkr okGrkr-

2- nk.;kauk vkd"kZd dkGk jax ;srks-

3- lkBo.k djrkuk cqj’kheqGs nk.;kaps uqdlku gksr ukgh-

4- fejh nk.;kaph izr lq/kkjrs-

fgjO;k fejhpk okijns[khy yks.kP;klkj[ks inkFkZ dj.;klkBh dsyk tkrks- fejhiklwup

ika<jh fejh ns[khy r;kj djrkr- R;kpk mi;ksx lqi] lkWl o brj [kk| inkFkkZae/;s dsyk tkrks-

;qjksfi;u ns’kkr fu;kZr dj.;klkBh ika<Ú;k fejhyk eksB;k izek.kkr ekx.kh vlrs- dsafnz;

vUu ra=Kku la’kks/ku laLFkk] EgSlwj ;kauh ika<jh fejh dj.;kph lksih i/nr la’kksf/kr dsyh

vkgs- ;k i/nrhr iw.kZ iDo >kysys nk.ks mdGR;k ik.;kr 25 rs 30 fefuVs mdGorkr fdaok

okQorkr- uarj rs iYihax e’khue/;s ?kkywu R;kaph ojph lky dk<yh tkrs- lky dk<Y;kuarj

nk.ks fCyfpax ikoMjP;k nzko.kkr ?kkyrkr vkf.k uarj okGorkr- gh lky dk<ysyh fejh

Eg.ktsp ika<jh fejh gks;- ;k i/nrhr nk.;kaph lky QqdV tkr ukgh R;kiklwu fejh rsy

dk<rk ;srs- fgjO;k fejhiklwu ika<Ú;k fejhpk mrkjk lqekjs 22 VDds brdk feGrks-

fejhP;k ,dk osykiklwu lqekjs 1-5 rs 5 fdyks okGoysY;k fejhps mRiUu 5 & 6

o"kkZP;k iq<s feGrs- mRiUu frlÚ;k o"khZ lq: gksrs o gGwgGw R;kr ok< gksrs- ia/kjk o"kkZi;Zar

mRiknu ?ksrk ;srs vkf.k uarj iquZykxoM djkoh ykxrs- 100 fdyks fgjO;k fejhiklwu lqekjs

33 fdyks dkGhfejh feGrs-

dkGhfejhojhy jksx o R;kaps O;oLFkkiu

dksd.kkr ;’kLohjhR;k ;s.kkÚ;k elkyk fidkar dkGhfejh] nkyfpuh] tk;QG vkf.k

yoax ;k fidkapk lekos’k gksrks- elkyk fidkaiklwu feG.kkÚ;k tknk vkfFkZd mRiknukeqGs ;k

fidkaP;k ykxoMhdMs dksd.kkrhy ’ksrdjh vkrk oGq ykxys vkgsr- ojhy loZp fidkiSdh

lgtfjY;k ?ksrk ;s.kkjs ihd Eg.kts dkGhfejh gks;- ;k fidkP;k ok<hlkBh vk/kkjkph ok

lkoyhph furkar xjt vlrs- ;k fidkph ykxoM dksd.kkr izkeq[;kus ukjG&lqikjhP;k

ckxkae/kqu dsyh tkrs- R;kp cjkscj ikaxkjk] flYoj vksd] vkack] Q.kl ;k o`{kkaojgh dkGhfejhps

osy mRRkejhR;k ok<wu pkaxys mRiUu feGrs-

dkGhfejhP;k ykxoMhlkBh Hkkjrkr lqekjs 19]51]000 gsDVj {ks= vlwu R;kiklwu

vankts 5]31]000 Vu mRiUu feGrs- txkrhy ;k fidk[kkyhy ykxoM {ks=kP;k 54 VDds {ks=

Hkkjrkr vkgss- ;k fidkP;k ykxoMh[kkyhy {ks= tkLr vlwugh mRiknu deh gks.;kP;k dkj.kkapk

’kks/k ?ksrk vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ;k fidkoj izknqHkkZo dj.kkÚ;k fofo/k jksxkaeqGs vrksukr uqdlku

gksrs- ifj.kkeh mRiknu deh gksrs- izeq[k vkf.k deh izek.kkoj ;s.kkjs jksx v’kh nksu xVkr

jksxkaph foHkkx.kh djrk ;srs-

dkGhfejhph jksx

v-dz- jksxkps uko jksxxzLr gks.kkjk Hkkx jksxkl dkj.khHkqr lq{etho

v½ izeq[k jksx

1 [kksM dqtO;k@tyn ej

¼fDodohYV½

ikus@[kksM@Qka|k ¼QqVos½]

yksaxj] ewGs

Qk;VksQFkksjk dWilhlh

2 gGwokj ej

¼Lyks ohYV½

ewGs jWMksQksyl flehyhl]

esykWMksxk;uh budkWxfuVk ;k

lq=d`eh vkf.k jk;>ksDVksfu;k

cWVkVhdksyk] ¶;q>jh;e,

fiFkh;e b- cqj’kh

3 djik ikus@yksaxj ¼?kM½@fejhps

nk.ks ¼QGs½

dksysVksVªk;de uWdsVj]

dksysVksVªhde

XyksfvvksLikfjvkWbfMl

4 jksiokVhdsrhy

ikukaojhy fBids]

QqVos] nsB o [kksM dqt.ks

ikus@QqVos@nsB@[kksM Qk;VksiFkksjk dWilhlh

c½ deh egRokps jksx

1 ikukaojhy fBids ikus

ikus@nsB@Qka|k ¼QqVos½

b;WUFkkseksul dkWUIkLVªhl] fi-

Ogh- csVyhdksyk

2 cqj’kh /kkX;keqGs gks.kkjk

djik ¼FkzsM CykbZV½

yksaxj ¼?kM½

dkWjVhlh;e lksykuh o

ekjkLekbZyl LdWuMsUl

3 ewG dqtO;k ikus@yksaxj ¼?kM½ Jkslsfyuh;k cquksMsl

4 rkacsjk ¼jsM jLV½ fejhps nk.ks] ¼QGs½ lsQWY;qjl ek;dks;fMl

d½ jksiokVhdsrhy jksx

1 djik ikus@nsB ¼QqVos½ ewGs jk;>ksDVksuh;k lksykuh o

fiFkh;e

2 ej ¼csly foYV½ ikus@nsB ¼QqVos½ LDysjksf’k;e jkWyQlh

3 Qk;yksMh ykasxj ¼?kM½ ?kkrwd yl

4 jksis@osyh@[kqth jkg.ks

¼LVaVsM fMlht½

laiw.kZ osy fo"kk.kw

5 ikus ygku o fod`r

gksrkr ¼fyVhy fyQ½

ikus fo"kk.kw

;k f’kok; ikus ygku gks.ks] dkGs fBids] rifdjh fBids] ika<js o fioGs fBids]

ikukaP;k f’kjk fioG;k gks.ks] e[keyh djik bR;knh jksx dkGhfejhoj vk<Grkr ijarq ;k

jksxkauk dkj.khHkwr vl.kkÚ;k lq{ethokapk l[kksy vH;kl v|ki >kysyk ukgh- ojhyiSdh

[kksM dqtO;k] gGwokj ej o djik gs jksx tkLRk uqdlku dj.kkjs vkgsr-

[kksM dqtO;k@tynej

Hkkjrkr dkGhfejhph ykxoM vl.kkÚ;k loZp Hkkxkr gk jksx vk<Gwu ;srks- ;k

jksxkP;k izknqHkkZokeqGs tkLrhr tkLr 20 rs 30 VDds osyhph ej >kY;kph uksan lanHkZ xzaFkkrwu

lkiMrs- gk cqj’khtU; jksx vlwu Qk;VkWQFkksjk dWilhlh ;k cqj’kheqGs gksrks- jksxkl dkj.khHkwr

vl.kkjh cqj’kh tfeuhr ok<.kkÚ;k o o"kkZuqo"ksZ okLrO; d:u jkg.kkÚ;k cqj’kh xVkrhy vkgs- gh

cqj’kh osykP;k [kksM] nsB] QqVos] ikus o yksaxj ;k loZp Hkkxkoj izknqHkkZo djrs- cqj’khP;k

vkdze.kkus ikukaoj lqjokrhl fiaxV fBids fnlrkr- gs fBids yxspsp xMn rifdjh jaxkps gksrkr-

tkLr tqukV >kysys fBids dkGiV jaxkps fnlrkr- dkgh osGk fBidkaP;k e/;s ika<jk jax fnlwu

;srks o fBidkaP;k vkdkj ;ksX; okrkoj.k vlY;kl ok<r tkÅu laiw.kZ iku dkGs iMwu dqtrs-

R;koj cqj’khPkh vla[; fctqds r;kj gksrkr- tqu ikukais{kk dksoGh ikus ;k jksxkl yodj cGh

iMrkr- gh cqj’kh ikukaP;k nsBkoj] osyhP;k dksoG;k QqVO;kaojgh ok<r tkrs- jksxkeqGs nsB] [kksM o

QqVos dqtrkr o dkGs iMrkr- jksxkl ;ksX; v’kk okrkoj.k fufeZrhewGs lqikjh ckxkae/kwu ykxoM

dsysY;k fejhP;k osyhoj ;k jksxkapk izknqHkkZo vf/kd fnlrks- vLoPN ckxkais{kk xor dk<wu LoPN

vlysY;k ckxkae/kwugh jksxkpk izknqHkkZo vf/kd vk<Grks dkj.k ikolkP;k FkasckewGs mM.kkÚ;k

rq"kkjkacjkscj ekrhps d.k osyhoj mMrkr] cqj’kh tfeuhr okLrO; dj.kkjh vlY;kus jksx izlkj

>ikV;kus gksrks- [kksMkoj jksxkph ykx.k >kY;kl osyhph ikus fioGh iMw ykxY;koj] eksB;k

osyhoj jksxkpk izknqHkkZo >kY;kps y{kkr ;srs- lky o vkrhy Hkkx dqtw ykxrks] gh dqt.;kph

fdz;k tfeuhiklwu [kksMkP;k ojP;k HkkxkdMs o tfeuhP;k [kkyP;k HkkxkdMs iljr tkrs- R;keqGs

osyhph ikus fioGh iMrkr o xGrkr- ifj.kkeh [kksMk toG osy eksMrks- [kksMkojhy cqj’khP;k

vkdze.kkeqGs 10 rs 20 fnolkrp osy lqdr vlY;kus ;k jksxkyk tyn ej vls lacksf/kys vkgs-

vUu’kks"k.k dj.kkjh ewGs cqj’khP;k vkdze.kkus dqtw ykxrkr gh dqt eq[; ewGkadMs ok<r tkrs-

v’kk izdkjs ewGs dqtY;kewGs osyhph ikus fioGh iMrkr o osy ejrs-

jksxkph izkFkfed ykx.k] fidkps twus vo’ks"k o ikyk ikpksGk ;kiklwu gksrs rj jksxkpk

izlkj] tfeuhokVs ikolkP;k okgR;k ik.;krwu] tfeuhoj iM.kkÚ;k ikolkP;k FksackeqGs mM.kkÚ;k

rq"kkjkcjkscj rlsp mM.kkÚ;k ekrhP;k d.kkaewGs o ewGkokVs gksrs- okGoh o xksxyxkbZ jksxkP;k

fctk.kwaP;k izlkjkl lgk¸; djrkr vls fnlwu ;srs- jksx orqZGkdkj i/nrhus ’ksrkr@ckxk ae/kwu

iljrks-

vknzZrk 83-8 rs 99 VDds rkieku 22-7 rs 29-60 lsa- o deh lw;Zizdk’k ¼2-8 rs

3-5 rkl@fnol½ tkLr iM.kkjk ikÅl ¼1-8 rs 23-0 eh-eh-@fnol½ vls okrkoj.k jksxkP;k

ok<hl o izlkjkl vR;ar vuqdwy vlY;kps fnlwu ;srs- dksd.kkr loZlk/kkj.ki.ks ikolkG;kr

vls okrkoj.k twYkS rs lIVascj ;k efgU;ke/;s ge[kkl vlrs- R;keqGs ;k dkyko/khr ;k jksxkpk

izknqHkkZo vf/kd izek.kkr vk<Grks-

jksxkaps fu;a=.k@O;oLFkkiu djko;kps >kY;kl R;k jksxkl dkj.khHkwr cqj’khpk

thoudze dlk vlrks gs tk.kwu ?ks.ks vR;ar vko’;d vlrs dkj.k jksxtarwaP;k thoudzekrhy

dedwor vl.kkjh voLFkk jksx O;oLFkkiukP;k nq"Vhus egRokph vlrs- oj fnY;kizek.ks

dkGhfejhoj mnHko.kkÚ;k tyn ej jksxkl dkj.khHkwu vlYksY;k cqj’khP;k thoudzekps

voyksdu djrk vls fnlwu ;srs dh] jksxkph izkFkfed ykx.k osyhps@ckxsrhy jkghysys vo’ks"k

ikyk&ikpksGk ;kiklwu gksrs- ;k vo’ks"kkaoj cqj’kh@/kkX;kacjksscj lqIrkoLFksr jkg.kkÚ;k cqj’kh

fctkaph ¼DykWehMksLiksvlZph½ ok< gksrs- twu efgU;kr ikÅl lq: >kY;koj o rkieku deh

>kY;koj lqIrkoLFksrhy cqj’kh fcts o cqj’kh /kkxs lfdz; gksrkr o R;kaph ok< gksrs- Liksjkath;k

o >qLiksvlZ ;k cqj’kh fctkaph fuehZrh gksrs- tqYkS efgU;kr tksjkr iM.kkÚ;k ikolkP;k okgR;k

ik.;klkscr ;k fctkaph ckxsr eqDr lapkj o izlkj gksrks- ;ksX; [kk| Eg.ktsp dkGhfejhP;k

osyhpk dqBykgh Hkkx ;k fctkaP;k lkfu/;kr ;srkp rh :trkr o [kksM] ikus] nsB] ewGs] dksoGs

QqVos ;kaP;koj gYyk djrkr o ijr cqj’kh fctkaph fufeZrh gksrs- ikolkps FksackeqGs mM.kkjs

rq"kkj o ekrh] okjk] okGoh o xksxyxk; ;kaP;kOnkjs gh fcts ckxsr brj= iljrkr o jksxkP;k

nq¸;e izlkj gksrks- eqGs dqtY;kewGs ikus fioGh iMrkr o 15 rs 20 fnolkrp jksxkewGs osy

jksx O;oLFkkiu

jksxkl dkj.khHkwr vl.kkjh cqj’kh tfeuhr okLrO; dj.kkÚ;k xVkrhy vlY;kus

fu;a=.k vo?kM vkgs- Eg.kwup ;k jksxkps ,dkfRed jksx O;oLFkkiu vR;ar egRokps vkgs- rlsp

;ksX;osGh jksxkph vksG[k osGhp mik; ;kstuk gh jksx O;oLFkkiukP;k n`"Vhus vR;ar egRokph

1- dkGhfejhph jksis@dyes jksiokVhdsrwu ?ksrkuk rh jksxewDr vlY;kph [kk=h d:u ?ksryh

ikghts-

2- ckxsrhy jksxV o esysY;k osyh] ikykikpksGk xksGk d:u tkGwu u"V djkok-

3- eq[; fidkP;k Qka|k] ukjG&lqikjhP;k >koG;k ;kaph osGksoGh NkV.kh djkoh ts.ksd:u

ckxsr vko’;d lw;Zizdk’k [ksGrk jkghy os jksxok<hl iks"kd vl.kkjh vknzZrk deh gks.;kl

enr gksbZy-

4- ikolkGk lq: gksrkauk eq[; [kksMkiklwu tfeuhyxr ;s.kkÚ;k ufou QqVO;kaoj jksxkP;k

fctk.kwapk nq¸;e izlkj eksB;k izek.kkoj gksrks o jksx ckxsr iljrks- Eg.kwu ufou QqVos O;oLFkhr

>kMkP;k [kksMkoj p<owu cka/kwu ?;kos- uohu QqVos tehuhoj yksGw nsÅ u;sr-

5- ckxsrhy esysY;k jksxV dkGhfejhP;k osyh dk<Y;koj jkghysY;k [kM~M;kr 1 VDdk

cksMksZfeJ.k fdaok 0-2 VDds dkWij vkWfDlDyksjkbZM ;kiSdh ,d cqj’khuk’kd Vkdwu fHkto.k

djkoh-

6- ukjG&lqikjhP;k [kksMktoGP;k Hkkxkoj xor fdaok fXyfjflMh;k ;kaps vkPNknu djkos Eg.kts

ikolkG;kr ikolkP;k FksackP;k rq"kkjkalkscr ekrhps d.k mM.kkj ukghr o R;kOnkjs gks.kkjk jksx

izlkj deh gksbZy-

7- ckxsr ik.kh lkp.kkj ukgh ;kph dkGth /;koh o ik.;kpk ;ksX; fupjk gksbZy ;kdjhrk ;ksX;

varjkoj pj dk<kosr-

8- ikyk’k] eWXusf’k;e o dWyf’k;e ;kaph derjrk jksxkpk izknqHkkZo ok<fors] Eg.kwu osyhl

ikyk’k [kr nsrkauk R;kr eWXusf’k;e o dWyf’k;e ;kapkgh okij djkok- u= [krkapk f’kQkj’kh

uqlkj okij djkok-

9- dkGhfejh ykoysY;k ckxsr ikolkGk lq: gksrkauk dehr deh [kksndke djkos ts.ks d:u

eqGkauk btk iksgksp.kkj ukgh o jksxkaP;k fctk.kwauk eqGkae/;s f’kjdko djrk ;s.kkj ukgh-

10- vusd izdkjP;k tkrh jksx izfrdkjdrslkBh rikl.;kr vkY;k ijarq ,dgh tkr

izfrdkjd vk<Gyh ukgh ijarq ih 24 gh tkr deh izek.kkr cGh iMr vlY;kus vk<Gwu vkys

vkgs- rlsp ik;ij dkWfyfczue ;k izfrdkj{ke [kwaVkoj dkGhfejhph deys dsY;kl osyh

jksxkiklwu okpfork ;srhy-

11- ;k jksxkps fu;a=.kklkBh ,dkfRed jksx fu;a=.k i/nrhpk okij Qkj Qk;ns’khj vlY;kps

vk<Gwu vkys vkgs- dkGh fejhojhy Qk;VksQFkksjk dWiflfl cqj’khtU; i.kZdjik vkf.k cqa/kkdwt

jksxkaP;k fu;a=.kklkBh 1 VDds cksMksZ feJ.kkP;k Qokj.kh cjkscj 0-2 VDds dkWij

vkWfDlDyksjkbZM eqGkaHkksorh ekrhr felGkos fdaok 0-3 VDds iksVWf’k;e QkWLQksusVph fdaok 0-2

VDds esVWYWfDly eWUdksf>cph Qokj.kh vf/kd Vªk;dksMekZ gjft;kue 50 xzWe@osy vf/kd 1

fdyks fuacksGh isaM eqGkaHkksorh ekrhr felGkoh- ojhyiSdh dks.kR;kgh ,dk laLdkjkph ifgyh

ek=k ikolkGk lq: gks.;kiwohZ nqljh ek=k nksu efgU;kauh |koh-

gGqokj ej

gk jksx dkGhfejhps mRiknu ?ks.kkÚ;k dukZVd] dsjG ;k jkT;kae/kwu fnlwu ;srks-

jksxkph ykx.k >kY;kiklwu 2 rs 5 o"kkZr osy ejrs Eg.kwu ;k jksxkl gGwokj ej vls EgVys

tkrs- gk jksx lq=Ñeh o cqj’kh ;kaP;k ,df=r izknqHkkZokewGs gksrks- osykpk rtsynkji.kk tkrks

o ikus fioGh iMrkr o osy ’ksaM;kdMwu [kkyh lqdr ;srks] ’ksaMs djirkr- ewGs ikfgY;kl R;koj

lq=ÑehP;k xkBh fnlwu ;srkr- ikus fioGh iM.;kps izek.k lIVsacj&vkWDVkscj uarj lq: gksrs rj

,fizy efgU;kr ;k jksxkph y{k.ks izd"kkZus fnlwu ;srkr-

;k jksxkl jWMksQksyl flehyhl] esykW;Mksxk;uh budkWXuhVk ;k lq=Ñeh cjkscj

¶;qtWjh;e] jk;>ksDVkuh;k lksY;kuh ;k tkrhP;k cqj’kh ,df=ri.ks jksxdkjd vlrkr- ;k

lokZae/;s jWMksQksyl flehfyl ;k lq=Ñehpk izeq[k okVk vlrks- gh lq=Ñeh osyhaP;k eqGkaoj

vusd t[kek fuekZ.k djrs- R;kp cjkscj esykW;Mksxk;uh budkWXuhVk gh lq=Ñeh eqGkaojhy

t[kekacjkscjp xkBhgh fuekZ.k djrs- lq=Ñehuh eqGkaoj dsyssY;k t[kekaOnkjs ojhy loZp cqj’kh

eqGkaP;k vkr lgti.ks f’kjdko djrkr o vkrhy Hkkxkr R;kaph ok< >ikV;kus gksrs- R;keqGs

eqGkaP;k vkrhy Hkkxkr vMFkGk fuekZ.k gksrks- rlsp xkBh vlysY;k eqGkae/;s vUuinkFkZ o

ik.kh ;kaP;k pyu & oG.kkr eksB;k izek.kkr ck/kk fuekZ.k gksrs- osyhP;k loZp Hkkxkr

vUuiqjoBk o ik.kh ;kaps pyu&oG.k uhV u >kY;keqGs o ;k loZ lw{ethokauh L=koysY;k

fofo/k fo"kkaewGs dedwor >kysY;k osyh fioG;k iMw ykxrkr o varr% lqdwu ejrkr- ikyk’k

LQqjn ;kaph derjrk vl.kkÚ;k ckxkae/kwu rlsp nqyZf{kr ckxkae/kwu dkGhfejhP;k gGqokj ej

;k jksxkaps izek.k vf/kd vlrs-

jksx O;oLFkkiu

gGwokj ej jksxkP;k izknqHkkZokr lq=Ñehpk izkFkfed o egRokpk lgHkkx vlY;keqGs

lq=Ñehaph o jksxdkjd cqj’khaP;k fctqdkaph tfeuhrhy la[;k uqdlkuhP;k ikrGh[kkyh

jk[k.ks vR;ar egRokps vlrs- R;kdjhrk [kkyhy izek.ks mik;;kstuk djkoh-

1- jksiokVhdsr lq=Ñeh cqj’khapk izknqHkkZo gksÅ u;s Eg.kwu jksiokVhdslkBh okij.;kr

;s.kkÚ;k ekrhoj QkWjey fMgkbZM 2 VDds ;k /kqjhtU; vkS"k/kkph izfdz;k djkoh-

2- lsanzh; [kr Eg.kwu dMwyhac isaM 1 fdyks@osyhl ikolkGk lq: >kY;koj ifgyk gIrk

es&twue/;s rj nqljk gIrk 1 fdyks@osyhl lIVsacj&vkWDVkscje/;s fnY;kl lq=Ñehaph la[;k deh

gksrs-

3- ikolkGk lq: gks.;kiwohZ es&twue/;s QksjsV ¼10 th½ nk.ksnkj 30 xzWe izfr osyhl |kos nqljk

gIrk vkWxLV&lIVsacje/;s |kok Eg.kts gGqokjej jksxkps fu;a=.k gksrs-

4- dkGhfejh ckxsrhy >saMwP;k Qqy>kMkaph ykxoM vkarjfid Eg.kwu dsY;kl lq=ÑehaP;k

la[;k jksMko.;kl enr gksrs-

gk jksx dksysVksVªhde XyksfvvksLiksfjvkWbfMl ;k cqj’khewGs gksrks- jksxkewGs ikukaoj

ridhjh dkGiV jaxkps vusd fBids r;kj gksrkr- R;kP;k dMk fioG;k vlrkr] ikukoj nsBkoj

o fejhP;k yksaxjkojgh jksxkpk izknqHkkZo gksrks- uarj yksaxj dqtrkr o xGqu iMrkr- fejhps yksaxj

;s.kkP;kosGh jksxkpk izknqHkkZo >kY;kl r dqtwu xGrkr rj ykasxjkoj fejhps nk.ks Hkj.;kP;kosGh

jksx izknqHkkZo >kY;kl nk.ks ikspV gksrkr- rj iDo fejhP;k yksaxjkoj jksxkpk izknqHkkZo >kY;kl

nk.ks QqVrkr vkf.k R;kaps lqds out deh gksrs- R;kaph xGgh gksrs- R;keqGs mRiknu [kqi ?kVrs-

loZlk/kkj.ki.ks jksxkph ykx.k >kY;kl 77 VDds rj mf’kjk ykx.k >kY;kl 54 VDds mRiknu

deh feGrs- jksxkph lq:okr twu efgU;kr gksr vlyh rjh jksxkaeqGs gks.kkjs uqdlku lIVsacj

efgU;kar fnlwu ;srs-

ikolkG;kiwohZ 1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.kh dsY;kl ;k jksxkacjkscjp tynej

jksxkewGs gks.kkjs uqdlkugh VkGrk ;srs fdaok jksx fnlwu ;srkp Mk;QksysVkWu 0-1 VDdk ;k

cqj’khuk’kdkph Qokj.kh jksx fu;a=.kklkBh izHkkoh Bjr vlY;kps vk<Gqu vkys vkgs- ihd

QqyksÚ;kr vlrkauk vkf.k nk.ks Hkj.;kP;k voLFksr vlrkuk cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.kh dsY;kl

jksxkaeqGs gks.kkjs uqdlku VkGrk ;srs-

jksiokVhdsrhy ikukaojhy fBids] QqVos] nsB o [kksM dqt.ks

jksiokVhdsrhy gk izeq[k jksx vlwu jksiokVhdsrhy jksikaph tkLrhr tkLr ej ;k

jksxkaewGs gksrs- ;k jksxkl [kksM dqtO;k o tyn ej jksxkl dkj.khHkwr vl.kkjh cqj’kh

Qk;VksQFkksjk dWilhlh dkj.khHkwr Bjrs-

jksxkaewGs ikukoj dkGiV jaxkps fBids fnlrkr- gs fBids vkdkjkus ok<r tkrkr o

’ksoVh laiw.kZ iku dkGs iMwu dqtrs- NkV dyekP;k dkM;k] uohu ;s.kkjs QqVos] ikukaps nsB o

[kksM dkGs iMwu dqtrkr o ejrkr-

jksiokVhdsrhy NkV dyes ikWyh’ksMe/;s Bsokoh- NkV dyes ykorkuk R;koj ,d iku

vo’; Bsokos- ikWyhfFkuP;k fi’kO;kae/;s NkV dyes ykorkauk izR;sd fi’kohr 1 VDdk

cksMksZfeJ.k 50 fe-yh- Vkdkos- cksMksZ feJ.k ulY;kl fjMksfey 0-125 VDds 50 fe-yh-

izR;sd fi’kohr Vkdkos- esysyh jksis xksGk d:u tkGqu u”V djkohr- ikolkG;kr 1 VDdk

cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.kh dsY;kl ikukaojhy fBiD;kaps fu;a=.k gksrs- Vªk;dksMekZ gjft;kue

gh cqj’kh 5 xzWe izR;sd fi’kohr ?kkrY;kl jksxkps izHkkoh fu;a=.k djrk ;srs-

ikukojhy fBids

dsjG jkT;kr 1978 e/;s ;k jksxkph loZizFke uksan dj.;kr vkyh- dkGhfejhojhy

gk jksx deh ize.kkr fnlwu ;srks- gk jksx b;kUFkkseksuksl dWEisLVªhl ih- Ogh- csVyhdksyk

ukokP;k thok.kqewGs gksrks- jksxkP;k lq:okrhl ikukaoj lq{e fiaxV fBids fnlrkr- gs fBids

gGwgGw vkdkjkus ok<r tkowu R;kapk jax rifdjh gksrks- gs fBids vfu;fer vkdkjkps vlwu

fBiD;kaP;k dMsdfMy loZHkkx fioG;k jaxkus os<ysyk vlrks- ikolkG;kr neV gokekukr

jksx >ikV;kus QSykorks vkf.k jksxkP;k rhoz izknqHkkZokr eksB;k izek.kkr ikuxG gksrs- eksB;k

izek.kkoj ikuxG >kY;kl fejh mRiknukoj R;kapk foijhr ifj.kke gksrks-

fejh osyhph LoPNrk Bso.ks vR;ar egRokps vkgs- ckxsr jksx fnlrkp lq:okrhl jksxV

ikus dk<wu tkGwu R;kapk uk;ukV dj.ks jksx QSykokl@izlkjkl vkGk ?kky.;kP;k n`"Vhus vR;ar

egRokps vkgs- jksxkpk izknqHkkZo fejhosyhoj vk<Gwu ;srkp 1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.kh

dsY;kl jksxkpk cankscLr izHkkohi.ks djrk ;s.ks lgt ’kD; gksrs fdaok rkez;qDr cqj’kh

uk’kdkaph Qokj.kh 0-2 VDds jksx vkVksD;kr Bso.;kl mi;qDr Bjrs-

c qj’kh /kkX;kaewGs gks.kkjk djik

gk jksx cqj’khtU; vlwu dkWjVhfl;e lksyWuh vkf.k ekjkLesbYkl LdkUMsUl ;k cqj’kheqGs

gksrks- ;k jksxkr cqj’kh /kkX;kaps tkGs [kksM] nsB] ikus o dkGhfejhaps ?kM ;kaP;koj iljrs- jksxkP;k

izknqHkkZokeqGs ikus lqdrkr] osy djiY;klkj[kh fnlrs- lqdysyh ikus osyhl yVdrkr- jksxV osy

nqjo:up fnlwu ;srkr- jksxV o cqj’kh /kkxs vlysyh lqdh ikus] fujksxh ikukaP;k lkfu/;kr ;srkp

R;kaP;kojhy cqj’kh /kkxs dk;Z{ke gksrkr o fujksxh ikukaoj cqj’kh /kkxs ok<w ykxrkr- ?kMkaoj

jksxkapk izknqHkkZo >kY;kl ?kM lqdrkr-

1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkP;k Qokj.khus jksx yxspp vkVksD;kr ;srks- ckxsph LoPNrk

egRokph vkgs- R;kr jksxV ikus xksGk d:u R;kapk uk;ukV dj.ks vR;ar egRokps vkgs-

[kksM o eqG dqt

gk jksx loZ izFke dukZVd jkT;krhy EgSlwj ifjljkr 1895 e/;s vk<Gwu vkyk- gk

cqj’khtU; jksx jkslsfyfu;k cquksMsl ;k cqj’khP;k izknqHkkZokeqGs gksrks- cqj’kh eqGkaoj vkdze.k djrs-

ikus rifdjh gksÅu lqdrkr- ikuxG gksrs- ckxsr jksx orZqGkdkj i/nrhus iljrks-

lqdysY;k jksxV osyh eqGkaldV dk<wu tkGwu u"V djkO;kr-

yky rkacsjk

ls¶;WY;qjl ek;dkW;Msvk ;k tkrhP;k ’ksokGkewGs gk jksx gksrks- jksxkaeqGs ikus yksaxj rlsp

nsBkaoj e[keyh] xksy ] foVdjh rs yky jaxkps iqatds fnlwu ;srkr- loZ lk/kkj.kr% jksxkph lq:okr

ckxsr vkWDVkscj uarj fnlwu ;srs- jksxkph ykx.k yksaxjkoj >kY;kl R;kapk jax djMk gksrks-

usgehP;k dkG;k fejhis{kk gk jax osxGk jkghY;keqGs fejhph izr <klGrs vkf.k fdaer deh

feGrs-

jksx fu;a=.kklkBh ckxsr jksx fnlwu ;srkp 1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.kh djkoh- 1

fdaok 2 Qokj.khus jksxkps fu;a=.k gksrs- ckxsph LoPNrk Bsokoh-

ikus ygku foÑr gks.ks

dsjG jkT;kr 1975 e/;s bMqDdh ;sFks gk jksx vk<Gwu vkyk- jksxV osyhph ikus

vkdkjkus ygku gksrkr- rh osMh&okdMh fnlrkr- rh fueqGrh v:an gksowu foG;kP;k

vkdkjkph d/khd/kh gksrkr- osyhaP;k nksu isjkae/khy varj deh gksrs- osyhph ok< [kqaVrs- jksxV

osy nwjo:up y{kkr ;srks- gk jksx fo"kk.kwaeqGs gksrks vlk d;kl vkgs-

ckxsr v’kk izdkjps osy fnlrkp lewG dk<wu u"V djkosr- jksxV osyhaiklwu NkV

dyes d: u;s- fdVd uk’kdkP;k Qokj.khus jksxkpk izlkj dj.kkÚ;k fdVdkapk izlkj deh

djrk ;srks-

Qk;yksMh

Hkkjrkr dkGhfejhps mRiknu ?ks.kkÚ;k jkT;krwu gk jksx vk<Gwu ;srks- ;k jksxkr

fejhP;k ?kMkrhy Qqyka,soth ygku vkdkjkP;k ikukaph ok< gksrs- ;k jksxkaeqGs osy ejr ukgh

ijarq mRiUu [kqi deh gksrs- gk jksx ?kkrwd ylhewGs gksrks- jksxV osy vk<Grkp dk<wu u"V

djkosr- jksxV osyhaiklwu NkV dyes d: u;s-

jksis osyh [kqth jkg.ks

jksikaph ok< [kqVrs- ikus osMhokdMh jkgrkr- ikukaph ok< [kqaVrs- jksxV osyhiklwu

mRiknu feGr ukgh- jksxV osy ckxsr vk<Grkp leqG dk<wu u"V djkosr-

dkGhfejhP;k jksx O;oLFkkiukr lokZr egRokP;k ckch Eg.kts ckxsph LoPNrk]

ckxsrhy ikyk ikpksGk] fidkps vo’ks"k ;kapk uk;ukV dj.ks] ikolkP;k ik.;kpk Rojhr

fupjk gks.ks] f’kQkjl dsY;kizek.ks [krkapk okij dj.ks] lsafnz; [krkapk okij dj.ks R;kp izek.ks

jksx gksÅ u;s Eg.kwu izfrca/kkRed mik; ;kstuk dj.ks] ;ksX; osGhp jksxkps funku d:u R;kps

fu;a=.kkdjhrk ?;ko;kpk mik; ;kstukaph vaeyctko.kh ;ksX; osGh dsY;kl dkGhfejhojhy

fofo/k jksxkaps O;oLFkkiu ;’kLohjhR;k d:u pkaxYks mRiUu feGrs-

tk;QG] nkyfpuh o yoaxkojhy jksx o R;kaps O;oLFkkiu

v½ tk;QGkojhy jksx o R;kaps O;oLFkkiu

1½ ’ksaMsej%

tk;QGkojhy ’ksaMsej gk ?kkrd jksx vkgs- ;k jksxke/;s >kMkaP;k Qkan;k fdaok uohu

/kqekjs Vksdkiklqu ikBhekxs ejr ;srkr- Eg.kwu ;k jksxkyk bafXy’ke/;s Mk;cWd rj ejkBhr ’ksaMsej

Eg.krkr- ;k jksxkpk izknqZHkko deh tkLr izek.kkr loZ fBdk.kh fnlwu ;srks-

gk jksx ^cksVªhvksfMIyksfM;k fFkvksczkseh* ;k cqj’kheqGs gksrks- m".k o neV okrkoj.kkr ;k

cqj’khph ok< pkaxY;k izdkjs gksrs- ’ksaMsej gs ,d vls y{k.k vkgs dh rs vusd jksxkr fnlwu ;srs-

ijarw tk;QGkojhy ’ksaMsaej ;k jksxke/;s jksxdkjd cqj’khpk izknqHkkZo izR;{k ’ksaM;koj gksrks vkf.k

rsFkwup jksxkyk lq:okr gksÅu dqtrkr vkf.k ’ksoVh okGrkr- v’kk Qka|k@MgkG;kojhy QGs

rifdjh ekrdV jaxkph gksÅu vkdlwu okGrkr- ;k jksxkph ykx.k v/kZiDo voLFksrhy QGkaoj

fnlwu ;srs- v’kk QGkaP;k nsBkoj cqj’khpk izknqZHkko gksrks vkf.k vifjiDo QGs rMdrkr- ’ksoVh

cqj’khph ykx.k tk;i=hojgh gksrs- v’kk izdkjs ØekØekus QGkaP;k fofo/k Hkkxkaoj cqj’khpk

izknqZHkko gksÅu QGs dqtrkr vkf.k R;keqGs QGxGgh gksrs-

;k jksxkP;k fu;a=.kklkBh jksxxzLr Qka|k o MgkG;k rlsp xGwu iMysyh ikus o QGs

osGksosGh xksGk d:u u"V djkohr- jksxkph rhozrk y{kkr ?ksÅu ,dnk fdaok nksu osGk 1 VDdk

cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.kh djkoh- rlsp jksxxzLr Qka|k Qokj.khiwohZ dkiwu] dkiYksY;k Hkkxkoj

cksMksZ isLV ykokoh-

2½ i.kZfNnz%

gk jksx lq/nk cqj’khtU; vkgs- ^dksysVksVªhde* ;k cqj’kheqGs ikukoj rifdjh fBids

ok<rkr- iw.kZ ok<ysys fBids vfu;fer vkdkjkps vlwu R;kP;k lHkksorh fioG;k jaxkaps dMs

vlrs- fBiD;kph dsanzLFkkukrhy e`r is’khP;k Hkkxkph foVfdjh rifdjh jaxkph dM moZjhr

ikukiklwu foHkDr gksÅ ykxrs- vls Hkkx xGwu iMrkr vkf.k i.kZ fNnzs r;kj gksrkr-

jksxfu;a=.kklkBh ckxsr LoPNrk jk[kkoh- xGwu iMysyh ikus xksGk d:u tkGwu u"V

djkohr- jksxkpk izknqZHkko fnlwu ;srkp fidkoj 1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkph fdaok 0-2 VDds

Mk;QksysVkWu ;k cqj’khuk’kdkph Qokj.kh djkoh-

3½ ejjksx%

dksd.kkr ukjG lqikjh ckxkae/kwu ykoysY;k tk;QGkoj ej jksxkps izek.k vR;Yi

vlys rjh ;k jksxkeqGs QGs ns.kkjh >kMs ejrkr- R;keqGs ’ksrdÚ;kapk vkfFkZd rksVk gksrks-

;k jksxkl ¶;qtkfj;e lksY;kuh vkf.k jk;>ksDVksfu;k lksY;kuh ;k tfeuhr fn?kZdkG

okLrO; d:u jkg.kkÚ;k nksu cqj’kh dkj.khHkwu gksr vlY;kps fnlwu vkys vkgs- loZlk/kkj.ki.ks

ikp o"kkZis{kk eksB;k >kMkaoj gk jksx fnlwu ;srks- ’ksaM;kdMhy ygku Qkanhph ikus eywy gksÅu

dksestrkr- nksu rs rhu fnolkauarj dksetysyh ikus lqdrkr v’kk dksoG;k Qka|k tksMkrwu

eksMrkr vkf.k eq[; Qkanhyk yVdwu jkgrkr- esysY;k Qkanhpk rlsp eq[; Qkanhpk vkfry

xkHkk dkGk gksrks- v’kk jksxxzLr eq[; Qkanhojhy brj ygku Qka| gGwgGw ’ksaM;kdMwu lqdw

ykxrkr- ’ksoVh eq[; Qkanh lqdrs- ,dk ekxksekx ,d djhr loZ Qka|k jksxxzLr gksÅu rhu rs

ikp o"kZ fdaok R;kghis{kk tkLr dkyko/khr laiw.kZ >kM lqdrs- v’kh jksxxzLr >kMs]

lkslkV;kP;k okÚ;keqGs mUeGwu iMrkr- v’kh QG/kkj.kk gks.kkjh >kMs esY;keqGs ’ksrdÚ;kauk

vkfFkZd rksVk lgu djkok ykxrks-

jksxxzLr rlsp esysY;k Qka|k NkVkO;kr vkf.k 1 VDdk cksMksZfeJ.kkph >kMkoj

Qokj.kh djkoh- dkiwu dk<ysY;k Qka|k tkGwu u"V djkO;kr- ckxsr LoPNrk jk[kkoh- jksxkps

izek.k tkLr vlYksY;k >kMkHkksorh dkcsZUM>he 0-2 VDds $ dkcksZDlhu 0-2 VDds ;k

cqj’khuk’kdkaps 10 rs 15 fyVj ik.kh >kMkHkksorh VkdUk fHkto.k djkoh- 3&4 vkBoM;kauh

nqljh o frljh fHkto.k rlsp 1 VDdk cksMksZ feJ.kkph Qokj.khgh djkoh fdaok jksxkph

izkFkfed y{k.ks fnlw ykxYksY;k >kMkHkksorh pj dk<wu isaM $ pkaxys dqtysys ’ks.k[kr $

Vªk;dksMekZ ¼fe= cqj’kh½ ;kaps 100 fdyks % 100 fdyks % 3 fdyks ;k izek.kkr r;kj dsysys

feJ.k 3 rs 5 fdyks izfr >kM Vkdkos- fnM rs nksu efgU;kus nqljk o frljk gIrk |kok- izR;sd

osGh vlk gIrk fnY;kuarj >kMkl ik.kh |kos- jksxkeqGs esysys >kM eqGkldV [k.kwu dk<wu u"V

djkos- v’kk >kMkaP;k [kM;kr fuacksGh isaM ’ks.k[kr Vªk;dksMekZps feJ.k vo’; Vkdwu ik.kh

c½ nkyfpuhojhy jksx o R;kaps O;oLFkkiu

1½ ikukojhy fBids vkf.k ’ksaMsej%

gk jksx dksysVksfVªde~ ;k cqj’kheqGs gksrks- izFke dksoG;k jksikP;k ikukoj xnZ rifdjh

jaxkps ygku Mkx fnlwu ;srkr- vls ygku Mkx ok<wu ,d= felGY;kl vfu;fer vkdkjkps pV~Vs

iMrkr- v’kh jksxxzLr ikus okGrkr- twu ikukoj v’kkp izdkjps Mkx vlY;keqGs rh

djiY;klkj[kh fnlrkr- gGwgGw jksx ’kasM;kP;k [kksMkoj iljrks- v’kh jksis vFkok MgkG;k@Qka|k

’ksaM;kadMwu ekxs okGr ;srkr-

tqu vkf.k tqU;k >kMkP;k ikukojgh v’kk izdkjs Mkx ok<wu ,d= felGY;keqGs eksB;k

vkdkjkps pV~Vs r;kj gksrkr- vls pV~Vs dkykarjkus ika<jV vkf.k dkxnkizek.ks ikrG vkf.k

R;kaP;k dMk rkacwl rifdjh jaxkP;k gksrkr- ikolkG;kr v/kwu e/kwu m?kMhi feGkY;kl

ikukaojhy fBiD;koj ,d vkM ,d gyD;k o xnZ rifdjh jaxkph dMh r;kj gksrkr- dkgh osGk

fBiD;kpk djiysyk Hkkx xGwu iMY;keqGs i.kZfPNnz r;kj gksrkr-

;k jksxkP;k fu;a=.kklkBh ckxsr LoPNrk jk[kkoh- 1 VDdk cksMksfeJ.k vFkok dkWij

vkWfDlDyksjkbZM 0-2 VDds ;k cqj’khuk’kdkP;k ,d fdaok nksu Qokj.;k djkO;kr-

2½ jksikojhy djik%

jksiokVhdsrhy jksikaoj cksfVªvksfMIyksMh;k fFkvk sczkseh ;k cqj’kheqGs djik jksx gksrks- ;k

jksxkeqGs [kksMkHkksorh gyD;k rifdjh jaxkps pV~Vs ok<rkr- ifj.kkeh jksis ejrkr-

3½ pansjh djik%

gk jksx lq/nk cqj’khtU; vkgs- isLVWyksf’k;k ;k cqj’kheqGs ikukaoj ygku] rifdjh jaxkps

fBids ok<rkr- dkykarjkus vusd fBids ,d= felGwu djM;k pansjh jaxkps pV~Vs ok<rkr- jksxkps

izek.k ok<Y;kl 1 VDdk cksMksfeJ.kkph Qokj.kh djkoh-

d½ yoaxkojhy jksx o R;kaps O;oLFkkiu

dksd.kke/;s 1980 P;k njE;ku yoax ;k elkyk fidkph ykxoM lq: dj.;kr

vkyh- ;k fidkiklwu dkgh izek.kkr mRiknukyk lq:okr >kyh vkgs- ;k fidkoj

jksikoLFksrhy ej] i.kZdwt vkf.k djik rlsp QwyxG fdaok dGhxG gs jksx vk<Gwu ;srkr-

1½ jksikoLFksrhy Ekj%

yoax jksis 2&3 o"kkZph gksbZi;Zar jksiokfVdsr vf/kd izek.kkr ejrkr- gh ej cqj’khph

ykx.k >kY;kus gksrs- ;k jksxklkBh fujfujkG;k 4 rs 5 cqj’khP;k iztkrh dkj.khHkwr vkgsr- ;k

iSdh ,[kk|k cqj’khpk lalxZ eqGkaoj gksÅu eqGs o jksikapk cqa/kk dqtwu eqGkaph vUuxzg.k

dj.;kph fdz;k laiq"Vkr ;srs- ifj.kkeh jksis okGrkr-

;k jksxkP;k fu;a=.kklkBh 1½ jksikaP;k fi’kO;k iks;Vk ekrh% okG%w ’ks.k[kr

¼1%1%1½ ;kaP;k feJ.kkus HkjkO;kr- 2½ ;k fi’kO;krhy ekrhoj 1 VDdk cksMksZfeJ.k vFkok

dkWij vkWfDlDyksjkbZM 0-2 VDds ;k cqj’khuk’kdkps nzko.k izR;sd fi’kohr 100 feyh ;k

izek.kkr vksrkos- 3½ v’kk fi’kO;kr nqlÚ;k fno’kh chtkjksi.k djkos- 4½ jksis mxowu

vkY;koj cqj’khuk’kdkph iqUgk ,dnk fHkto.k djkoh- v’kk izdkjs yoax jksikaph vfHko`/nh

d:u jksiokVhdsrhy ej jksxkps fu;a=.k djrk ;srs-

2½ djik@QwyxG@dGhxG%

gk jksx lq/nk cqj’khtU; vkgs- ^dksysVksVªhde* ;k cqj’kheqGs ikukoj ykylj rifdjh

fBids ok<rkr- dksoG;k rlsp twu ikukojhy fBiD;kaps izek.ks lkj[ksp vlrs- iw.kZ ok<ysY;k

fBiD;kapk vkdkj 5 rs 7 fe-fe- vlrks- ikukaizek.ks dGhxqPNkoj ;k cqj’khpk izknqHkkZo

gksÅu dGhP;k nsBkoj dkG;k jaxkps] yac xksykdkj oz.k r;kj gksÅu v’kk dG;k vdkyh

lqdwu dk<.kh voLFks iwohZp xGrkr- R;keqGs mRiknukr ?kV ;srs- dG;kaph dk<.kh u djrk

>kMs QG/kkj.ks djrk jk[kY;kl ijkxhHkoukuarj QGkaoj dkG;k jaxkps xksykdkj [kksyxV fBids

r;kj gksÅu QGs iDo gks.;kiwohZp xGrkr- R;keqGs jksikalkBh iqjsls fc;k.ks miyC/k gksr ukgh-

ikukaoj vkf.k dG;kaoj 0-1 VDds rhozrsP;k dkcsZUMWf>e~ ;k cqj’khuk’kdkph

Qokj.kh ?;koh- ,dw.k rhu Qokj.;k 15 fnolkaP;k varjkus ?ksrY;kl jksxkps mRre izdkjs

fu;a=.k dj.ks ’kD; gksrs- ;k cqj’khpk izknqZHkko ikukaoj toGikl o"kZHkj deh vf/kd izek.kkr

vk<Gwu ;srks- R;keqGs jksxkph rhozrk y{kkr ?ksÅu jksxkP;k izkFkfed voLFksr dkcsZUMWf>e 0-1

VDds ;k cqj’khuk’kdkph Qokj.kh ?ks.ks fgrkog Bjrs-

3½ i.kZdwt%

vfritZU;eku vlysY;k izns’kkr ikolkGh gaxkekr i.kZdwt ;k jksxkeqGs njo"khZ yoax

fidkps uqdlku gksÅu >kMs detksj gksrkr vkf.k vuqRiknd curkr-

gk jksx lq/nk cqj’khtU; vlwu] tqYkS & vkWxLV efgU;krhy vfr neV gokekukr jksxkph

rhozrk lokZf/kd vlrs- lnj jksx ^flysaMªksDyWfM;e~* ;k cqj’kheqGs gksrks- cqj’khpk izknqHkkZo ikukoj

gksÅu ikus VksdkdMwu dqt.;kl lq:okr gksrs- lqekjs 50 VDds ikukapk Hkkx dqtY;kuarj iku

xGwu iMrs- jksxkpk izknqZHkko >ikV;kus gksÅu cjhp’kh jksxxzLr ikus 8 rs 10 fnolkr v/kZoV

dqtwu xGrkr vkf.k ckxsr ikukapk lMk iMrks- >kMkaph ikus ,dkp osGh eksB;k izek.kkr

xGY;keqGs ok<hoj o mRiknukoj foijhr ifj.kke gksrks- njo"khZ lkRkR;kus jksxkph ykx.k >kY;kl

dzekdzekus >kMkpk tkse deh gksrks- ygku Qka|k vkf.k uarj eksB;k MgkG;k VksdkdMwu

okGrkr- R;keqGs osGhp jksxkP;k fu;a=.kklkBh mik; ;kstuk voyafc.ks vko’;d vkgs-

jksxkP;k fu;a=.kklkBh ikolkGk lq: gksrkp ikukaoj vkf.k Qka|koj 0-25 VDds

eWUdks>sc ;k cqj’khuk’kdkph O;ofLFkr Qokj.kh ?;koh- ;k cqj’khuk’kdkP;k vk.k[kh nksu

Qokj.;k 15 fnolkP;k varjkus ?;kO;kr- cqj’khuk’kd ikolkP;k ik.;kus okgwu tkÅ u;s Eg.kwu

lWUMksOghV 0-1 VDdk fdaok vU; fpdV nzo cqj’khuk’kdkP;k nzko.kkr felGkok-

Eklkys fidkojhy fdMh vkf.k R;kaps fu;a=.k

nkyfpuh

ikus [kk.kkjh vGh %

nkyfpuhoj rhu izdkjP;k ikus [kk.kkÚ;k vG;k vk<Grkr- R;kiSdh nksu izdkjP;k

vG;k vkdkjkus Qkj eksB;k ¼ 4 rs 5 lseh-½ tkMtwM o jaxhr vlrkr] rj ,d maVvGh ;k

oxkZrhy vlrs- ;k loZ izdkjP;k vG;k nkyfpuhph ikus eksB;k izek.kkoj [kkrkr- ifj.kkeh

ikukaph xG gksrs- vG;kaP;k fu;a=.kklkBh 25VDds izokgh fDoukyQkWl 2 feyh- izfrfyVj

ik.;kr ?ksÅu Qokj.kh djkoh-

ikus iks[kj.kkjh vGh ¼fyQ ek;uj½ %

gh ,d ygku vkdkjkph fdM vkgs- rh ikukP;k ojP;k cktwyk ikiqnzs r;kj djrs o

vkre/;s jkgwu gfjrnzO; [kkrs R;keqGs ikukaoj ika<js ikiqnsz vkysys fnlrkr- ;k fdMhP;k

fu;a=.kklkBh 36 VDds izokgh eksuksdzksVksQkWl 1-2 feyh- fdaok 30 VDds izokgh Mk;esFkks,V

1 feyh- izfrfyVj ik.;kr ?ksÅu Qokj.kh djkoh-

ika<jh ek’kh ¼ OgkbZV ¶yk; ½ %

gh fdM vkdkjkus lq{e o ika<Ú;k jaxkph vlrs- ;k ek’kk ikolkG;kP;k uarj

;s.kkÚ;k dksoG;k rkacM;k jaxkP;k ikyohoj ikukaP;k [kkyP;k cktwyk FkO;kus clysY;k

vk<Grkr- dksoGh ikyoh gyowu ckjdkbZus ikfgY;kl vla[; ika<Ú;k ek’kk mMrkuk

fnlrkr- R;k dksoG;k ikukae/kwu jl ’kks"kwu ?ksrkr- ifj.kkeh ikus dksestrkr- ;k fdMhP;k

cankscLrklkBh 30VDds izokgh Mk;esFkks,V 1 feyh- izfrfyVj ik.;krwu Qokjkos-

fdMh %

ikus [kk.kkjh vGh %

T;kosGh >kMkl uohu ikyoh ;srs R;kosGh ikus [kk.kkÚ;k vGhpk minzo gksrks- dksjM;k

gaxkekr ;k fdMhpk minzo vf/kd gksrks- R;keqGs uohu ikyohps vadqj fnlw ykxrkp R;koj

QksuksdzksVksQkWl ¼36 VDds izokgh ½ 1-4 feyh- izfr fyVj ik.;krwu Qokj.kh djkoh-

osynksMk

fdMh %

osynksM;koj vtwui;ZUr 56 fdMhaph uksan >kysyh vkgs- R;kaP;k minzokuqlkj R;kaps

ikukaoj ;s.kkÚ;k fdMh] Qqykaoj ;s.kkÚ;k fdMh vkf.k tfeuhrhy fdMh vls oxhZdj.k dj.;kr

;srs- osynksM;koj [kkyhy fdMh izkeq[;kus ;srkr-

QqyfdMs %

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