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Driver Education Section VI. Day 1 - Occupant Protection. SOL DE 14. The student will demonstrate an understanding of the proper use of vehicle occupant protection features and analyze how they reduce injury severity and increase collision survival a. Active restraint system - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Driver EducationSection VI
• Day 1 - Occupant Protection
SOL DE 14
• The student will demonstrate an understanding of the proper use of vehicle occupant protection features and analyze how they reduce injury severity and increase collision survival
a. Active restraint system
b. Passive restraint system
c. Child restraint system
d. Highway safety design
Objective
• The student will– Understand the proper use of seatbelts,
airbags, and child restraints
Day 1 – Occupant Protection• Bell Ringer – #1
– 3 paragraphs 5 sentences each
– Describe your experience riding in a car during braking and accelerating. What does it feel like to be a passenger in a car that suddenly stops? Suddenly accelerates?
• Why do you think wearing safety belts is especially important in these situations?
• Why is it important for all passengers in the car to buckle up?
• What are some other features on a car that make it safer?
Definitions
• Active Restraint
• Passive Restraint
• Occupant
• Head Restraints
• Air Bags
Occupant ProtectionDMVM > 20-21Text > 120-122
DOE PP > Module 8 & Module 9
Topics• Safety Belts • Child Safety Seats • Air Bags• Other Structural
Features
Safety BeltsDMVM > 20
Text Book > 120
• Can double your chances of surviving a crash and more than double your chances of avoiding serious injury.
• Reduces chances of being killed by 50% and reduces chance of serious injury by 70%.
Safety Belt Clip
Buckle up to guard against additional injury from a Buckle up to guard against additional injury from a secondary collision or ejection from the vehiclesecondary collision or ejection from the vehicle
Accidents have three separate collisions:
1. The vehicle collision, the car hits something.
2. The occupant collision, the occupant hits unsecured items inside the vehicle.
3. The organs of the body colliding with the skeletal system.
COPY THIS SECTION
Virginia Safety Belt LawsDMVM > 20
• Requires drivers and front seat passengers to use safety belts.
• A driver transporting anyone through age 15 must make sure that the child is properly secured in a safety belt, booster seat or child safety seat no matter where the child is seated.
Virginia Law for ChildrenDMVM > 21
DOE PP > Module 8
• All children under age eight must be properly secured in a child safety seat or booster seat.
• Safest if seated in back center seat
• Infant seats/rear facing/birth to 20 lbs.
• Use child seats up to 40 lbs.
• Use booster seats up to 60 lbs.
Movement of Belted OccupantMovement of Belted OccupantDOE PP> Module 8
Head = 1.9 ft.Head = 1.9 ft.
Chest = 1.3 ft.Chest = 1.3 ft.
Pelvis = 1.2 ft.Pelvis = 1.2 ft.
31 MPH Crash31 MPH Crash
DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE
Safety Belt Clip
Types of Child Safety SeatsDOE PP > Module 8
Forward Facing Child Restraints
Rear Facing Infant Seat
Booster Seats
Up to 20 LBS
Up to 40 LBS
Over 40 LBS until age 8
DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE
Adjusting Belts for Proper FitAdjusting Belts for Proper Fit
Handout
Wear Lap BeltWear Lap Belt low and snug across hips (pelvis) to low and snug across hips (pelvis) to avoid unnecessary internal injuriesavoid unnecessary internal injuries
Wear Shoulder BeltWear Shoulder Belt over collar bone and chest over collar bone and chest (sternum) to avoid shoulder (sternum) to avoid shoulder dislocation and rib cage dislocation and rib cage damagedamage
Seat belts should be worn over the strongest skeletal bones
Additional Safety Belt ConcernsAdditional Safety Belt ConcernsDOE PPDOE PP > Module 8 > Module 8
• Keeping the seat back in an upright Keeping the seat back in an upright position avoids the submarine effect of position avoids the submarine effect of the lower body in a frontal crash.the lower body in a frontal crash.
COPY THIS SLIDE
Safety Belt Clip
Air BagsDMVM > 20-21
Text > 120
• They cushion occupants as they move forward in a front-end crash.
• The air bag keeps the occupant’s head, neck and chest from hitting the steering column or dashboard.
• Some vehicle’s have air bags that inflate in a side collision.
• Air bags do not take away the need to wear safety belts.
Video ClipWith & Without Side Air Bags
Air Bag in Steering WheelAir Bag in Steering Wheel• Raise seat or adjust steering wheel to Raise seat or adjust steering wheel to
direct air bag toward chest and not at direct air bag toward chest and not at the facial areathe facial area
• Adjust seat for a minimum 10-inch Adjust seat for a minimum 10-inch clearance between chest and steering clearance between chest and steering wheelwheel
• Hand position should be at 8 and 4Hand position should be at 8 and 4
• Avoid 10 and 2 hand position to prevent Avoid 10 and 2 hand position to prevent blow hole burns to hands and armsblow hole burns to hands and arms
Handout
Air Bags at Work
Fatal Crashes
63% of people killed in accidents are not wearing seat belts
COPY THIS SLIDE
Read Pages 120 – 122“What features protect you and your passenger from injury?”
- Answer Lesson 2 Review Question #2 (page 122)* Make sure to write down all 9 features AND explain why these features are important in your opinion.
Class Work #1Other Structural Features
Text Book > 120 - 122
Other Structural FeaturesText Book > 121 - 122
• Head Restraints• Door Locks• Childproof door Locks• Tempered Safety-glass windows• Impact-resistant Bumpers• Protective padding on the Dashboard and Roof• Energy-absorbing steering column
Answers to Lesson 2 Review Question #2
Make Sure your answers Match
(EACH SHOULD HAVE AN EXPLAINATON)
Other Structural FeaturesDOE PP> Module 8
Vehicle Crumple ZonesVehicle Crumple Zones
Anti-Lock BrakesAnti-Lock Brakes
Traction Control DevicesTraction Control Devices
Electronic Stability Program (ESP)Electronic Stability Program (ESP)
Suspension Control DevicesSuspension Control Devices
HeadlightsHeadlights
DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE
Other Structural FeaturesVideo clip
Vehicle Systems — Vehicle Systems — Brake SystemsBrake Systems
How Brakes Work
Brakes are actually energy conversion devices.
When you step on the brakes, they convert the kinetic energykinetic energy (momentum) of your vehicle into thermal energythermal energy (heat).
Thousands of pounds of pressure are applied on each of the four brakes, permitting the driver to slow or stop the rotation of the tires.
The friction of the tires against the road surface will then slow and/or stop the vehicle.
DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE
DOE PP> Module 9
Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)
Topic 2 Lesson 1
** ABS was developed to assist driver braking ABS was developed to assist driver braking actions by preventing tires from sliding and to actions by preventing tires from sliding and to keep them rotating slowly to allow steering.keep them rotating slowly to allow steering.
Vehicle Systems — Vehicle Systems — ABS Brake SystemABS Brake System
DOE PP> Module 9
Handout
Enhanced Braking Action
Reduced Stopping Distance
Increased Vehicle Stability
Enhanced Vehicle Steerability
ABS AdvantagesABS Advantages
Braking and Steering
In many emergency In many emergency situations braking situations braking alone may not prevent alone may not prevent a collision.a collision.
Handout DOE PP> Module 9
1.1. Increase your following Increase your following distance in bad weatherdistance in bad weather
2.2. Practice using ABSPractice using ABS
3.3. Keep your foot firmly on Keep your foot firmly on the brake even if it vibratesthe brake even if it vibrates
4.4. Check owner’s manual for Check owner’s manual for special concernsspecial concerns
With ABS…With ABS…
INC
RE
AS
EIN
CR
EA
SE
DOE PP> Module 9 Handout
1.1. Drive More AggressivelyDrive More Aggressively
2.2. Pump the BrakesPump the Brakes
With ABS, Do NotWith ABS, Do Not
3. Steer Too Much3. Steer Too Much
4. Be Alarmed by ABS Noise or Vibration4. Be Alarmed by ABS Noise or Vibration
DOE PP> module 9Handout
Highway Design Features
DOE PP> Module 8
Wide clear shoulders and wide lanes
Rumble strips installed at the road edge
Redesign of median barriers
Traffic calming devices
Handout
Highway Design Features
DOE PP> Module 8
1-Breakaway sign support posts
3- Crash attenuators such as vinyl liquid or sand filled drums
2- New design guard rails with ends angled away from roadway and buried
Handout
Highway Design Features
DOE PP> Module 8
4-Protected left and right turn bays
5-Collector/distributor lanes on high
speed, high density highways
- separates slower moving
entering/exiting traffic from
the higher speed through
traffic
6-Variable message signs alert
drivers to weather conditions,
construction, and traffic problems
Handout
Class Work #23 paragraphs, 5 sentences each
• Come up with TWO additional safety features, for either the car or the roadway and explain why your safety features should be used and how they are to be implemented.
Work on until the end of the class
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