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Gustavo Mozzer Pesquisador da Embrapa
Secretaria de Relações Internacionais – SRI
Embrapa
Negociações internacionais e suas derivações em políticas públicas frente às mudanças climáticas
globais
Warsaw Climate Change Conference COP 19 / MOP 9 November 2013
2014/COP12 -‐Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
Land-‐degradaNon neutral world
The Doha Round
PCT e-‐Services pcteasy.wipo.int/en
UNITED NATIONS FORUNS
ROBERTO AZEVEDO
JOSE GRAZIANO
BRAULIO DIAS
ChrisNanaFigueres
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE
COP 21 / MOP 11 Paris 2015
The Zero Hunger Challenge aims to achieve: 100 per cent access to adequate food all year round; zero stunted children less than 2 years old; all food systems are sustainable; 100 per cent increase in smallholder producNvity and income; and zero loss or waste of food.
SEPT. 2013 -‐ COUNTRIES AGREED TO HOLD A HIGH-‐LEVEL SUMMIT IN SEPT. 2015 TO DECIDE ON REVISED TARGETS
High-‐level poli=cal forum The first inaugural meeNng of the high-‐level poliNcal forum, held on 24 September 2013,was abended by Presidents, prime ministers, and other high-‐ranking officials, represenNng a follow-‐up of the commitment made at Rio+20 to conNnue to press for acNon on sustainable development at the highest levels As a result of a process of informal consultaNons co-‐facilitated by the Permanent RepresentaNves of Brazil and Italy the General Assembly adopted resoluNon 67/290 which which defined the "Format and organizaNonal aspects of the high-‐level poliNcal forum on sustainable development."
THE CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE PLAY A CRITICAL ROLE IN THE FIGHT AGAINST HUNGER, BY ENSURING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY WHILE INCREASING FOOD PRODUCTION.
HLTF – PRO ORGANICS AGAINST GM CROPS AGAINST BIOFUELS MDA LIDERA DG FOME -‐ MRE
PROGRAMA FINANCIADO PELO EUA & HOLANDA/ BANCO MUNDIAL E FAO QUEREM ADESÃO BRASIL NÃO INTERESSA PORQUE ABRE PORTAS PARA DESCONTO NA REDUÇÃO EMISSÕES PAISES DESENVOLVIDOS NA RENEGOCIAÇÃO DO ACORDO DE PARIS
CARBON STORAGE IN FARM LAND AFRICA ???? CARBON MARKET
The Global Alliance for Climate-‐Smart Agriculture
So WHY this acNviNes are been prioriNzed by the WB / FAO / USA and the Netherlands?
What if carbon stocking could be linked to more than just MITIGATION! What if co benefits were to be taken into consideraNon… Does it make sense to support this agenda in AFRICA to make a POINT?!?!
MAIN AREAS OF NEGOTIATION
AGRICULTURE NON-‐AGRICULTURAL MARKET ACCESS SERVICES INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT TRADE FACILITATION WTO RULES DISPUTE SETTLEMENT UNDERSTANDING
INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE (IGC) WIPO INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND GENETIC RESOURCES, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND FOLKLORE. DISCUSS PROPOSALS TO DEAL WITH GENETIC RESOURCES AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE . SHOULD BE IN HARMONY WITH THE NAGOYA PROTOCOL.
So… Do we smell green washing?
And what is the role do we expect for the agriculture sector?
• 2015 – Paris -‐ The mul=lateral community expect to achieve a final version of the agreement that ought to enter into force in 2020. The legal form of this instrument is not resolved, but it will take on board all countries, developed and developing.
• 2013 – Warsaw – Decisions on the opera=on and implementa=on of the financing instruments under the conven=on, including the green climate fund; REDD+ nego=a=ons have finally come to an end with the Warsaw framework on REDD+
• 2012 -‐ Doha governments set out a =metable to adopt a universal climate agreement by 2015, to come into effect in 2020; Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol sehng the 2nd CP from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2020
• 2011 — Durban Par=es decided to adopt a universal climate agreement by 2015; Par=es also agreed a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol from 1 January 2013
• 2010 — Cancun Par=es agreed to: commit to a maximum temperature rise of 2 degrees, at COP16; establish a Green Climate Fund to provide financing for ac=on in developing countries via thema=c funding windows. They also agreed on a new Cancun Adapta=on Framework. 2009 — Copenhagen Accord draned at COP15 in Copenhagen. This was taken note of by the COP. Countries later submioed emissions reduc=ons pledges or mi=ga=on ac=on pledges, all non-‐binding.
• 2007 —At COP13, Par=es agreed on the Bali Road Map, which charted the way towards a post-‐2012 outcome in two work streams: the AWG-‐KP, and another under the Conven=on, known as the Ad-‐Hoc Working Group on Long-‐Term Coopera=ve Ac=on Under the Conven=on. More about the Bali Road Map.
NEW AGREEMENT EXPECTED 2020
BIODIVERSIDADE, RECURSOS GENÉTICOS, AGROBIODIV., FLORESTAS, AGRICULTURA (FÓRUNS INTERNACIONAIS E NACIONAIS)
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS & LEGISLAÇÕES
CBD
FAO TRATADO RG ALIMENTAÇÃO & AGRICUTURA CLIMAT SMART AGRICULURE
PROTOCOLO DE CARTAGENA PROTOCOLO SUPLEMENTAR PROTOCOLO DE NAGOYA METAS DE AICHII OUTROS PROGRAMAS /RELATÓRIOS
MMA
MAPA
MDA
MDIC
DEFESA (MARINHA)
COMISSÃO DE RG COMISSÃO FLORESTAS COMISSÃO AGRICULTURA CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMITÊ SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
M R E
WTO
COMÉRCIO
NAC. &
INTERN
. ALGUMAS LEGISLAÇÕES EM DISCUSSÃO NO CONGRESSO EM 2013/2014
CÓDIGO FLORESTAL SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS REDD+ USO DE GURTS – OGM ACESSO & RB – RG E CTA CLONAGEM DE ANIMAIS REV. LEI DE PATENTES REV. LEI DE CULTIVARES REV. LEI DE SEMENTES (POLITICA NAC. MUDAS E SEMENTES) EMBRAPATEC PEC Reservas Indígenas AUDIÊNCIAS PÚBLICAS
GEx CONAMA CONABIO CGEN CGFLOP CONACER CONAFLOR
PESCA
GIPI
COMITÊ NAC. BIOTEC
MCT CTNBio CIMGC
COM.BIOSSEG. COM. DES. SUST.AG. CÂMARAS SETORIAIS MONITORAMENTO ABC
AGRONEGÓCIO EXTENSIVO AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR SILVICULTURA AQUACULTURA
TRIPS/ DOHA TBT SPS
SERV. PROTEÇÃO CULTIVARES REGISTRO DE SEMENTES E MUDAS DEFESA ANIMAL E VEGETAL
INPI
UNFCC/IPCC
AGRICULTURA ABC ADAPTAÇÃO???? HLPF / ECOSOC / SDGs
CNI
CNA
CONSEA
LEGISLAÇÕES PERTINENTES PLANO AGRÍCOLA -‐ CRÉDITO
P O D E R E S P U B L I C O S
PROTOCOLO KYOTO -‐2d.P
NOVO ACORDO 2015 – 2020
MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS (FÓRUNS INTERNACIONAIS E NACIONAIS) POLITICAS PÚBLICAS LEGISLAÇÕES
UNFCCC
IPCC
Agricultura MiNgação Adaptação
Metodologias p/inventários de emissões MRV
MRE
MMA MCT
MAPA
Autoridade Nacional Designada (AND)
Casa Civil 2009 -‐ PoliNca Nacional de Mudanças ClimáNcas CIM Orgão Gestor MAPA
Aprova propostas do GEX
GEX
Fundo Clima Orgão Gestor da Pol. Nac. M.ClimáNcas
ABC
Rep. INMET
CIMGC
CDM Metodologias padronizadas Critérios nacionais MRV REDD
Comissão Interministerial Mudanças Globais do Clima
Mi=gação Adaptação
Comitê CLIMA Decreto (Gestão Estratégica)
Embrapa ATORES DE,SRI,DPD,DTT,SGE,AIT Plataforma P&D / UDs
TT ??? Gustavo
ICA
Thank you
Gustavo Mozzer Embrapa
Secretariat for InternaNonal Affairs
gustavo.mozzer@embrapa.br
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