ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE (1) GLUCOSE + ATP GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H + (2) CH 3 CH 2 OH +...

ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISEENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE

(1) GLUCOSE + ATP (1) GLUCOSE + ATP GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H++

(2) CH(2) CH33CHCH22OH + NADOH + NAD++ (CH3)CHO + NADH + H (CH3)CHO + NADH + H++

(3) ATP + H(3) ATP + H22O O ADP + P ADP + Pii

(4) CH(4) CH33(CO)COO(CO)COO-- + H + H++ CH CH33CHO + COCHO + CO2 2

(PYRUVATE)(PYRUVATE) (ACETALDEHYDE) (ACETALDEHYDE)

(5) CH(5) CH33(CO)COO(CO)COO-- + ATP + CO + ATP + CO22 ADP + P ADP + Pii + + --OOC-CHOOC-CH22 (C0) COO (C0) COO--

(OXALOACETATE)(OXALOACETATE)

--OOC HOOC H H H H H

|| | | | | | |(6) C = C (6) C = C C = C C = C | || | | | | | H COOH COO- -- -OOC COOOOC COO--

ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISEENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE

(7) OXALOACETATE + GTP (7) OXALOACETATE + GTP PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP + +

COCO22

(8) ASP + (8) ASP + -KETOGLUTARATE -KETOGLUTARATE OXALOACETATE + GLU OXALOACETATE + GLU

(9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE (9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE 2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE 2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE

(10) (10) --OOC-CHOOC-CH22-CH-CH22-COO-COO-- + FAD + FAD --OOC-CH=CH-COOOOC-CH=CH-COO-- + FADH + FADH22

ENZYME CLASSIFICATIONENZYME CLASSIFICATIONANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISEANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISE

(1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE)(1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE)

(2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE)(2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE)

(3) HYDROLASE (ATPase)(3) HYDROLASE (ATPase)

(4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE)(4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE)

(5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE)(5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE)

(6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE)(6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE)

(7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE (7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE)CARBOXYKINASE)

(8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE)(8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE)

(9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE(9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE

(10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE) (10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE)

OXIDOREDUCTASESOXIDOREDUCTASES

CATALYZE REDOX REACTIONSCATALYZE REDOX REACTIONS

SOME COMMON TYPES:SOME COMMON TYPES:– REDUCTASESREDUCTASES– DEHYDROGENASESDEHYDROGENASES– OXIDASESOXIDASES– OXYGENASESOXYGENASES

LOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMESLOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMES– NADNAD++ , NADP , NADP++, FAD, FMN, FAD, FMN

TRANSFERASESTRANSFERASES

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPSTRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

SOME EXAMPLES:SOME EXAMPLES:– TRANSFERASESTRANSFERASES– PHOSPHORYLASESPHOSPHORYLASES

TRANSFER OF PTRANSFER OF Pii OR PP OR PPii

– KINASESKINASESA PHOSPHATE TRANSFERA PHOSPHATE TRANSFER

UTILIZE OR GENERATE ATPUTILIZE OR GENERATE ATP

HYDROLASESHYDROLASES

HYDROLYSIS REACTIONSHYDROLYSIS REACTIONS

WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK BONDSBONDS

EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– PHOSPHATASESPHOSPHATASES– PEPTIDASESPEPTIDASES– ATPase, GTPaseATPase, GTPase

LYASESLYASES

CATALYZES REACTIONS THATCATALYZES REACTIONS THAT– GENERATE A DOUBLE BONDGENERATE A DOUBLE BOND– ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO

DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND SUBSTRATESUBSTRATE

EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– DECARBOXYLASESDECARBOXYLASES– DEHYDRATASESDEHYDRATASES– ALDOLASEALDOLASE

ISOMERASESISOMERASES

CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM INTO ANOTHERINTO ANOTHER

EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– ISOMERASESISOMERASES– EPIMERASESEPIMERASES– RACEMASESRACEMASES– MUTASESMUTASES

LIGASESLIGASES

TWO MOLECULES ARE JOINEDTWO MOLECULES ARE JOINEDANABOLIC REACTIONSANABOLIC REACTIONSREQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO REQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO DRIVE THEMDRIVE THEM– A PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKENA PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKEN

EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:– CARBOXYLASECARBOXYLASE– SYNTHSYNTHETETASESASES

DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH SYNTHASESSYNTHASES

ONGOING EXERCISEONGOING EXERCISE

USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT PARTICULAR CLASSPARTICULAR CLASS