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EUROCONTROL Wake Program
WakeNet Europe 2015
Vincent TREVE 20-04-215
EUROCONTROL Runway Throughput Enhancement Program
WakeNet Europe 2015
Vincent TREVE 20-04-215
Outline
Introduction Runway throughput enhancement solutions Integration and Leading Optimised Delivery Tool
Conclusion
Introduction
Analysing summer period 2012, 6 airports were “congested” in the sense of operating at 80% or more of their capacity for more than 3 hours per days. This is expected to grow to 30 airport in 2035… ... however through bilateral discussions with airports, it appears that today many more airports have constrained peak hours (<3h) during which runway capacity is either a source of delay OR a limitation to business development.
For congested runway (during peak hours), separations are primarily imposed by ICAO wake turbulence separations…
Aircraft separations today
MTOM ≤ 7T
Heavy Light Medium
MTOM ≤136T 7T < MTOM <136T
Complex constraints may be applied for departure clearance resulting from simultaneous arrival and departure on CSPR
Aircraft separations today
For congested runway (during peak hours), separations are usually primarily imposed by ICAO wake turbulence separations … but not only, for example:
MTOM ≤ 7T
Landing and take-off North Runways at LFPG
Aircraft separations today
For congested runway (during peak hours), separations are usually primarily imposed by ICAO wake turbulence separations … but not only, for example:
MTOM ≤ 7T
Mix-mode in LOWW
A gap may need to be created in an approach sequence during mix-mode operations
Aircraft separations today
MTOM ≤ 7T
Mix-mode in LOWW
For congested runway (during peak hours), separations are usually primarily imposed by ICAO wake turbulence separations … but not only, for example:
A gap may need to be created in an approach sequence during mix-mode operations
Aircraft separations today
Today, these separations are applied without a controller support tool
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
ICAO Separations
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
RECAT-EU
Separation based on a more efficient 6 wake category scheme (European Wake Re-categorisation - RECAT-EU) RECAT-EU is a regulated standard developed by EUROCONTROL that increases runway capacity by 3 to 8% (in peak) and better protects small aircraft with limited system upgrade
Watch video = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqpZ_xkr-Pw
LIDAR campaigns WVE Flight test
200,000+ wake measurements (LiDAR)
100+ hours flight test (wake encounters)
Separation based on a more efficient 6 wake category scheme (European Wake Re-categorisation - RECAT-EU) RECAT-EU is a regulated standard developed by EUROCONTROL that increases runway capacity by 3 to 8% (in peak) and better protection of small aircraft with limited system upgrade
Watch video = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqpZ_xkr-Pw
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
RECAT-EU
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
16
Separation based on time in place of distance (Time Based Separation - TBS) Time Based Separation (TBS) permits the adaptation of separations to maintain runway throughput in strong headwind conditions
Low Headwind
Strong Headwind
17
Low Headwind
Strong Headwind
Strong headwind increases time separation for constant distance applied
Separation based on time in place of distance (Time Based Separation - TBS) Time Based Separation (TBS) permits the adaptation of separations to maintain runway throughput in strong headwind conditions
Strong headwind increases time separation for constant distance applied
Reduced separations support constant time between 2 landings in strong headwind conditions
18
Low Headwind
Strong Headwind
Separation based on time in place of distance (Time Based Separation - TBS) Time Based Separation (TBS) permits the adaptation of separations to maintain runway throughput in strong headwind conditions
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Pairwise Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
21
Separation defined per pair of aircraft types (Pairwise separations - PWS)
Separations are adapted as a function of leader and follower aircraft type characteristics (RECAT-2)
B739 B738 B737 B736 A321 A320 A318 A319 MD83 MD82 A148 B734 B733 B735 E190 GL5T GLEX GLF5 B712 F100 F70 B463 RJ1H RJ85 E170 CRJ7 CRJ9 GLF4A388 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5B77L 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B77W 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A351 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A359 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A358 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B744 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A346 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A345 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B773 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B772 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A343 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A332 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A333 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A342 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B788 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4MD11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5B764 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B762 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B763 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3A306 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A30B 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A310 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3B752 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2B753 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2
22
Separation defined per pair of aircraft types (Pairwise separations - PWS)
A343
A320
Separations are designed for the top 100 most frequent aircraft as a function of leader and follower characteristics
(extract for most frequent Heavy and Upper-Medium)
RECAT-2 – Pair Wise Separations currently under consultation Separations are adapted as a function of leader and follower aircraft type characteristics (RECAT-2)
B739 B738 B737 B736 A321 A320 A318 A319 MD83 MD82 A148 B734 B733 B735 E190 GL5T GLEX GLF5 B712 F100 F70 B463 RJ1H RJ85 E170 CRJ7 CRJ9 GLF4A388 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5B77L 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B77W 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A351 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A359 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A358 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B744 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A346 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A345 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B773 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B772 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A343 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A332 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A333 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A342 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B788 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4MD11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5B764 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B762 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B763 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3A306 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A30B 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A310 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3B752 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2B753 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2
23
Separation defined per pair of aircraft types (Pairwise separations - PWS)
A343
A320
RECAT-2 – Pair Wise Separations currently under consultation Separations are adapted as a function of leader and follower aircraft type characteristics (RECAT-2)
B739 B738 B737 B736 A321 A320 A318 A319 MD83 MD82 A148 B734 B733 B735 E190 GL5T GLEX GLF5 B712 F100 F70 B463 RJ1H RJ85 E170 CRJ7 CRJ9 GLF4A388 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5B77L 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B77W 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A351 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A359 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A358 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B744 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A346 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A345 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B773 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B772 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A343 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A332 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A333 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A342 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B788 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4MD11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5B764 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B762 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B763 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3A306 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A30B 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A310 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3B752 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2B753 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2
24
Separation defined per pair of aircraft types (Pairwise separations - PWS)
A343
A320
RECAT-2 – Pair Wise Separations currently under consultation Separations are adapted as a function of leader and follower aircraft type characteristics (RECAT-2)
3.5
B739 B738 B737 B736 A321 A320 A318 A319 MD83 MD82 A148 B734 B733 B735 E190 GL5T GLEX GLF5 B712 F100 F70 B463 RJ1H RJ85 E170 CRJ7 CRJ9 GLF4A388 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5B77L 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B77W 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A351 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A359 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A358 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B744 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A346 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5A345 3.5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5B773 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B772 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A343 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A332 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A333 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4A342 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4B788 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.5 4 4 4 4 4.5 4 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4MD11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5B764 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B762 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3B763 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 2.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3A306 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A30B 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3A310 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3B752 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2B753 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2
25
Separation defined per pair of aircraft types (Pairwise separations - PWS)
A343
A320
3.5
RECAT-2 – Pair Wise Separations currently under consultation Separations are adapted as a function of leader and follower aircraft type characteristics (RECAT-2)
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Pairwise Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
28
Separation defined as a function of weather conditions (Weather Dependent Separations - WDS)
Separations are adapted as a function of weather conditions (Wind)
Results from data analysis of the LiDAR campaign
WDS reduction as function of total wind
A343
A320
29
Separation defined as a function of weather conditions (Weather Dependent Separations - WDS)
Results from data analysis of the LiDAR campaign in EGGL
WDS reduction as function of total wind Separations are adapted as a function of weather conditions (Wind)
A343
A320
30
Separation defined as a function of weather conditions (Weather Dependent Separations - WDS)
Results from data analysis of the LiDAR campaign in EGGL
WDS reduction as function of total wind Separations are adapted as a function of weather conditions (Wind)
31
Separation defined as a function of weather conditions (Weather Dependent Separations - WDS)
Results from data analysis of the LiDAR campaign in EGGL
WDS reduction as function of total wind Separations are adapted as a function of weather conditions (Wind)
32
Separation defined as a function of weather conditions (Weather Dependent Separations - WDS)
Results from data analysis of the LiDAR campaign in EGGL
WDS reduction as function of total wind Separations are adapted as a function of weather conditions (Wind)
33
Separation defined as a function of weather conditions (Weather Dependent Separations - WDS)
No wake constraints
Wake separation constraints can be fully relaxed for crosswind component of more than 7kt
Strong crosswind in EHAM
Separations are adapted as a function of weather conditions (Wind)
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
SESA
R-2
020
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Separation based on predicted Runway Occupancy Time (ROT)
36
ROT
Enhanced Runway Conditions Awareness
Falcon 7X Contaminated Runway Testing
Separations are adapted as a function of Leader (predicted) Runway Occupancy Time (ROT)
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
SESA
R-2
020
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
SESA
R-2
020
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Separation reduced thanks to Enhanced Approach Procedures
HALS/DTOP Experimentation
~50m
Separations are adapted as a function of Leader and Follower glideslope and threshold aiming points
39
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
SESA
R-2
020
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
SESA
R-2
020
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
Integration of these concepts shall be transparent for the controllers …
Tomorrow separations will be resulting from very different solutions
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
Exis
ting
solu
tion
SESA
R-1
SESA
R-2
020
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
… and supported by an integration system called
“Leading Optimised Runway Delivery”
LORD
How does it tool works?
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
T1
T2
T3 T4
T5 T6 T7
T8
All solutions define optimised time separations from different perspectives
LORD
How does it tool works?
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Pairwise Separation
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops
CSPR Operations
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
T1
T2
T3 T4
T5 T6 T7
T8
Since all minima shall be respected, only the most constraining one is considered by the ORD Tool: Time separation = max ( [T1,T2,…,Tn] )
LORD
The time separation is converted into Final Target Distance
How does it works?
45
Time separation
Final Target Distance
46
Final Target Distance (FTD) indicator of the ORD Tool
Final Target Distance (FTD) indicator of the LORD
The time separation is converted into Final Target Distance by using “multi-factor” modelling of aircraft speed profile
How does it works?
47
Time separation
Final Target Distance Wind
Ac Type Airline
Traffic pressure
0 2 4 6 8 10100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Distance to threshold [NM]
Indi
cate
d A
ir S
peed
[kts
]
Speed profiles from ECTL model
A346B738A320AT72
0 2 4 6 8 10100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Distance to threshold [NM]
Indi
cate
d A
ir S
peed
[kts
]
Speed profiles from ECTL model
A346B738A320AT72
How does it works?
48
Aircraft speed profile models are calibrated against extensive radar data and Mode-S data from several European airports
0 2 4 6 8 10100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Distance to threshold [NM]
Indi
cate
d Ai
r Spe
ed [k
ts]
Speed profiles from data
A346B738A320AT72
Model Data 200,000+ radar tracks analysed
How does it works?
49
Optimum separation delivery also requires efficient anticipation of “the compression effect” caused by aircraft speed reduction in final approach phase
IBE652R H 015 ↓ 160
A343
EZY475A M 025 ↓ 160
A319
How does it works?
50
IBE652R H 011 ↓ 140
A343
EZY475A M 021 ↓ 160
A319
Optimum separation delivery also requires efficient anticipation of “the compression effect” caused by aircraft speed reduction in final approach phase
How does it works?
51
IBE652R H 009 ↓ 135
A343
EZY475A M 019 ↓ 160
A319
Optimum separation delivery also requires efficient anticipation of “the compression effect” caused by aircraft speed reduction in final approach phase
How does it works?
52
EZY475A M 015 ↓ 160
A319
IBE652R H 005 ↓ 135
A343
Optimum separation delivery also requires efficient anticipation of “the compression effect” caused by aircraft speed reduction in final approach phase
How does it works?
53
Optimum separation delivery also requires efficient anticipation of “the compression effect” caused by aircraft speed reduction in final approach phase
IBE652R H 015 ↓ 160
A343
EZY475A M 025 ↓ 160
A319
Final Target Distance
Initial Target Distance
How does it works?
54
Final Target Distance (FTD)
Initial Target Distance (ITD)
The LORD also provides the controller with an Initial Target Indicator (ITD). This second chevron defines the separation on the glide that will permit delivering the minimum separation at threshold
How does it works?
55
Both chevrons are displayed to approach and tower controller positions
Tower Approach
How does it works?
56
The LORD needs, as input, the intended final approach sequence order for providing the approach controller with the required separations to apply. The “a priori” sequence is the one provided by the AMAN …
… but this can be easily changed tactically by the approach controller using a specific sequencing tool on the radar screen
Integration of Runway Throughput Enhancement Solutions
57
Enhanced Procedures
Runway Occupancy Time
Weather Dependant Separation
Mixed Mode Ops CSPR Operations
Pairwise Separation
AMAN
Sequencing Tool
Initial & Final Target Distance
0 2 4 6 8 10100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Distance to threshold [NM]
Indi
cate
d A
ir S
peed
[kts
]
Speed profiles from ECTL model
A346B738A320AT72
Aircraft Speed Profile Model
RECAT-EU
Time Based Separation
LORD
Integration of Runway Throughput Enhancement Solutions
58 AMAN
Sequencing Tool
Initial & Final Target Distance
0 2 4 6 8 10100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
Distance to threshold [NM]
Indi
cate
d A
ir S
peed
[kts
]
Speed profiles from ECTL model
A346B738A320AT72
Aircraft Speed Profile Model
Reduces controller work load Reduces of the rate of under-
spaced pairs Increases runway throughput…
Real time simulations have shown that the LORD Tool:
… even if not combined with runway throughput enhancement solutions
End
LORD
Leading Optimised Runway Delivery is not “only” an integration system
This can be explained by the results of a dedicated EUROCONTROL survey of the separation delivery in various EU airports (averaged separations, standard deviation and a rate of under spacing)
Observed H-M pair separations
Observed M-M pair separations
This can be explained by the results of a dedicated EUROCONTROL survey of the separation delivery in various EU airports (averaged separations, standard deviation and a rate of under spacing)
Deduced distribution of H-M pair separation delivered in peak hours
Deduced distribution of M-M pair separation delivered in peak hours
Optimised Runway Delivery Tool is not “only” an integration system
This can be explained by the results of a dedicated EUROCONTROL survey of the separation delivery in various EU airports (averaged separations, standard deviation and a rate of under spacing)
Deduced rate of H-M pair under-spaced
Deduced rate of M-M pair under-spaced
Optimised Runway Delivery Tool is not “only” an integration system
The LORD tool reduces standard deviation of the separation delivered what has a positive effect on the under spacing rate…
Projected effect of LORD Tool: Reduction of H-M under-spacing rate maintaining same r/w throughput (same averaged separation)
Optimised Runway Delivery Tool is not “only” an integration system
The LORD tool reduces standard deviation of the separation delivered what has a positive effect on the under spacing rate… but also on the runway throughput.
Projected effect of LORD Tool: Reduction of H-M under-spacing rate maintaining same r/w throughput (same averaged separation)
Projected effect of LORD Tool: Increase of r/w throughput (reduction of the averaged separation) maintaining same M-M under-spacing rate
Optimised Runway Delivery Tool is not “only” an integration system
enter your presentation title 64
Summary
The EUROCONTROL Runway Throughput Enhancement Program is a system based vision
The LORD system:
is a key enabler supporting all runway throughput enhancement solutions
allows Controllers to deal with adaptive separations and complex procedures
reduces Controller work load
reduces the rate of under-spaced pairs
increases the runway throughput even if not combined with runway throughput enhancement
solutions
enter your presentation title 65
Summary
SESAR-1 LORD Tool Development
At the end of SESAR-1:
Time Based, Weather Dependent and Pair Wise Separations solutions will be mature
An industrial LORD prototype will be validated
Generic Multi-factors modelling of aircraft speed profiles will be available, and
Guidelines for local customisation of this generic model will be produced
enter your presentation title 66
Summary
SESAR-2020 LORD Tool development
In SESAR 2020:
Enhanced Approach Procedure and Runway Occupancy Time prediction will be developed
An extension to departure phase will be considered
Big data algorithm and Machine Learning approach will be considered for defining aircraft
speed profiles
Question?
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