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Visual Dictionary Visual Dictionary 20102010

SP10LumberSP10Lumber

Air Barrier PaperAir Barrier Paper

Air Barrier Paper - Used to prevent airflow and water penetration into the house. In this instance the air barrier paper is wrapped around only a small portion of the house.

Attic VentilationAttic Ventilation

Soffit vent - Opening under the eave of the roof that allows air to flow into

the attic.

Attic VentilationAttic Ventilation Ridge Vent- Long

open assembly that allows air to circulate out of the ridge of a roof.

Attic VentilationAttic Ventilation

Gable Vent - Opening used to exhaust excess heat from the attic.

Attic VentilationAttic Ventilation Roof Turbine -

Helps exhaust heat from the attic or building. Pulls the air away from it.

BackhoeBackhoe

•A backhoe is primarily used in the beginning stages of residential construction. It is used for such things as digging foundations.

•The bucket on this backhoe measured 2 feet wide.

Batter BoardsBatter BoardsBatter Boards are Boards erected at the corners of a proposed structure to specifically locate and show corners and show foundation height.

Brick ArchesBrick Arches

Roman Arch

Keystone

Brick ArchesBrick Arches

Jack Arch

Brick ArchesBrick Arches

Gothic Arch

Brick ArchesBrick Arches

Centering - Temporary framework used to construct domes and arches.

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Running Bond - Stretcher courses off set

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Stacked Bond - Bricks stacked on top of each other in vertical rows

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Stretcher

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Soldier

Brick BondsBrick Bonds Sailor

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Rowlock

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Header

Brick BondsBrick Bonds

Rowlock Stretcher

Brick SizesBrick Sizes

Modular - 3 5/8” by 2 ¼” by 7 5/8”

Brick SizesBrick Sizes

Norman - 4 5/8” by 2 ¼” by 11 5/8”

BulldozerBulldozer A Bulldozer is used

to grade a site. A bulldozer is a machine that pushes dirt or any sort of land off or on a job site

CladdingCladding

Wood Shingles

Shingle - Small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall or sloping roof water tight.

CladdingCladding

Brick

CladdingCladding

EIFS

CladdingCladding

Stone Clad Structure – This building has a mix of random and coursed rubble Limestone.

CladdingCladding

Wood Boards

Code RequirementsCode Requirements My Window

This window measured 21”x44”

This is an opening of 6.4 square feet.

This meets the code requirements.

Code RequirementsCode Requirements

Stairs

Tread = 10.5”

Riser = 7”

Nosing = 1.25”

These stairs meet the code requirements.

Concrete JointsConcrete Joints

Control Joint - An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or a component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

Concrete JointsConcrete Joints

Isolation Joint - An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or a component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

The pole is being isolated from the slab.

Concrete Masonry Concrete Masonry UnitsUnits

Also known as CMU. This is a building material that is hollowed concrete block. Meant to be laid in mortar. Standard dimensions are 8” by 8’” by 16”, which makes it equivalent to three courses of brick. The top of the wall is 4” by 8” by 16”.

One course of CMU = 3 courses of brick

Decorative Concrete Decorative Concrete Masonry UnitsMasonry Units

Split Face

Decorative Concrete Decorative Concrete Masonry UnitsMasonry Units

Ribbed

DoorsDoors

Flush Door

DoorsDoors

Panel Door

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Top Rail

Stiles

Panel

DoorsDoorsTransom – Used to let in light over the door

Sidelights – A small narrow window to the side of the door

Power Pole with Transformer - Holds power and transfers it to a smaller voltage to be used by the consumer.

Electrical ComponentsElectrical Components

Electrical ComponentsElectrical Components

Service Head - Entrance point for power to go into a house.

Electrical ComponentsElectrical Components

Meter - A meter keeps track of how much power is used so that the power company will not charge you too little or too much.

Electrical ComponentsElectrical Components

Service Panel - Box that allows you to control power flow throughout your residence.

Electrical ComponentsElectrical Components

Duplex Receptacle -Provides power directly to appliances.

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#1. Anchor Bolt

Framing ElementsFraming Elements#2. Sill Plate

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#3. Floor Joists

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#4. Subflooring

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

6. Stud5. Sole Plate

7. Top Plate

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#9. Ceiling Joists

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#10. Rafters

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#11. Roof Decking

Framing ElementsFraming Elements#12. Sheathing

OSB used as sheathing

Framing ElementsFraming Elements

#8. Unfinished Stringer - The sloping wood or steel member that supports the treads of a stair.

Front End LoaderFront End Loader

Front end loader is used in the early stages like a backhoe, but is not meant for digging. It is used to move dirt and gravel or anything necessary. It doesn’t just push dirt like a bulldozer, it also picks it up

Gypsum BoardGypsum Board Gypsum board is

gypsum in between two sheets of paper. A material used for walls and ceilings. Also known as sheet rock or drywall.

Heat PumpHeat Pump

Compressor – Brings fresh air into house.

Air Handling Unit – Regulates temperature in house.

Advantages – Rapid response time

Disadvantages – Relatively noisy

InsulationInsulation

Insulation is a material used that has a low conductivity to help keep heat and cold air through the structure or assembly.

InsulationInsulation

Batt/Blanket Insulation

InsulationInsulation

Loose Filled

InsulationInsulation

Foam

InsulationInsulation

Rigid

LintelLintel

A lintel is a beam that carries a load of an opening.

MortarMortar Concave mortar joints are troweled.

Used on a church. 3/8” mortar joints. This looks like K mortar.

MortarMortar Flush mortar joints are troweled. Used on an educational building. 3/8” mortar joints. This looks like K mortar.

Oriented Strand BoardOriented Strand Board

A type of sheathing similar to plywood. It is not veneered, and it is strands of wood that is bonded together by pressure in specific directions. Its typical dimensions are 4’ by 8’.

PlumbingPlumbing

Drop-in Sink

PlumbingPlumbing Manufactured

shower and tub – This shower and tub are ready to be installed

PlumbingPlumbing

This plumbing vent is letting the gas from plumbing pipes escape through the roof instead of coming back into the house.

PlumbingPlumbing A lavatory is a

sink. This one uses a 1.5” piping to drain it.

PlumbingPlumbing

Water Closet

Uses a typical 3” pipe to drain

PlywoodPlywood Plywood is a wood

panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure. Veneer is a thin layer or sheet.

Radiant BarrierRadiant Barrier

This radiant barrier is used around duct work.

RebarRebar

#5 rebar. Measured 5/8”. The rebar has ridges on it so it will grip inside the concrete and not slide out.

Steep Roof DrainageSteep Roof Drainage

Gutter - Channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof

Downspout - Vertical piping used to drain water from roof to lower level or ground.

Steep Roof DrainageSteep Roof Drainage

Splashblock - Small piece of concrete or plastic used to divert water at bottom of the downspout.

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials

Metal Panel Roof - Aluminized steel

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials

ShingleShingle - Small unit of - Small unit of water resistant material water resistant material nailed in overlapping nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall fashion to render a wall or sloping roof water or sloping roof water tight.tight.

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials Clay Tile Roof

Steep Roof MaterialsSteep Roof Materials

UnderlaymentUnderlayment - - Underlayment Underlayment helps keep helps keep moisture and any moisture and any penetration out of penetration out of the sheathing. the sheathing.

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes Gambrel

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes

Gable

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes Hipped Roof

Steep Roof ShapesSteep Roof Shapes

Mansard

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms

Ridge - Level intersection of two roof planes in a gable vent.

Fascia - Exposed vertical face of an eave.

Eave - Horizontal edge at the low side of a roof.

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms

Valley Valley - - Trough Trough formed by the formed by the intersection intersection of two parts of two parts of a roofof a roof

RakeRake - Sloping - Sloping edge of a edge of a steep roofsteep roof

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms

Soffit - Undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially a roof overhang.

Steep Roof TermsSteep Roof Terms

Building without a fascia has no board or face to the eave.

StoneStone Random Rubble

Coursed Rubble

This wall is a mix of Random Rubble and Coursed Rubble.

StoneStone Coursed Ashlar

Random Ashlar

Vapor RetarderVapor Retarder

Vapor retarder protects moisture. It is usually put on the warm winter side of the insulation.

WaterproofingWaterproofing Definition: An

impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation to prevent water permeation.

This is adhered waterproofing.

Weep HoleWeep Hole

Weep hole allows water to drain from where it has seeped through the mortar.

Welded Wire FabricWelded Wire Fabric

These are 8’ by 4’ WWF.

WindowsWindows

Awning - This is an awning window because it is hinged at the top of the window.

Casement - This is a casement window because it is hinged at the side and it swings outward.

WindowsWindows

WindowsWindows

This is double hung because it has two overlapping sashes that slide vertically in tracks.