View
229
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
1/44
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Background
Before giving any explanation of INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE
SYSTEM this project mainly depends on the embedded system and microcontroller.
1.1 Basics of embedded system:
An embedded system is a special-purpose system in which the computer is
completely encapsulated by or dedicated to the device or system it controls. Unlike a general-
purpose computer, such as a personal computer, an embedded system performs one or a few
predefined tasks, usually with very specific requirements. Since the system is dedicated to
specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product.
Embedded systems are often mass-produced, benefiting from economies of scale.
Personal digital assistants (PDAs) or handheld computers are generally considered
embedded devices because of the nature of their hardware design, even though they are more
Examples of Embedded Systems:
Avionics, such as inertial guidance systems, flight control hardware/software and other
integrated systems in aircraft and missiles
Cellular telephones and telephone switches
Engine controllers and antilock brake controllers for automobiles
Home automation products, such as thermostats, air conditioners, sprinklers, and security
monitoring systems Handheld calculators
IVRS documentation1
Figure 1 embedded system
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
2/44
Handheld computers
Household appliances, including microwave ovens, washing machines, television sets,
DVD players and recorders
Medical equipment
Personal digital assistant
Videogame consoles
Computer peripherals such as routers and printers.
Industrial controller for remote machine operation
1.2 Introduction about micro controller:
A Micro controller consists of a powerful CPU tightly coupled with memory,
various I/O interfaces such as serial port, parallel port timer or counter, interrupt controller,
data acquisition interfaces-Analog to Digital converter, Digital to Analog converter, integrated
on to a single silicon chip. If a system is developed with a microprocessor, the designer has to
go for external memory such as RAM, ROM, EPROM and peripherals. But controller is
provided all these facilities on a single chip. Development of a Micro controller reduces PCB
size and cost of design.
One of the major differences between a Microprocessor and a Micro controller is that acontroller often deals with bits not bytes as in the real world application. Intel has intro uced a
family of Micro controllers called the MCS-51.
1.3 Introduction to IVRS
INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE SYSTEM (also known as Computer Telephony
Integration Systems) are gaining wide acceptance in a large number of application areas like
Department of Telecom, airlines / Railway reservation systems, Banks and Various other
organizations. IVR systems provide access to computer databases through normal telephones.
A user can access a remote computer data base by dialing a specified IVR system number and
obtain the required information by dialing the specified digits as informed by the computer.
The desired information can be recorded and stored in the PC using a microphone, which will
be informed to the user on dialing the specified Number.
IVRS documentation2
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
3/44
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
4/44
1.5 Block diagram
1.6 Block diagram description:
1.6.1 Hardware components:
Power supply
Micro controller
DTMF decoder
Voice processing unit
devices
1.6.2 Power supply:
In this system we are using 5V power supply for microcontroller of Transmitter section
as well as receiver section. We use rectifiers for converting the A.C. into D.C and a step down
transformer to step down the voltage. The full description of the Power supply section is given
in this documentation in the following sections i.e. hardware components.
1.6.3 Microcontroller (89S51):
In this project work the micro-controller is playing a major role. Micro-controllers
were originally used as components in complicated process-control systems. However,
because of their small size and low price, Micro-controllers are now also being used in
regulators for individual control loops. In several areas Micro-controllers are now
outperforming their analog counterparts and are cheaper as well.
IVRS documentation
MICRO
CONTROLLER
Voice
processing
unit
DEVICES
DTMFMobile
phone
Power Supply
4
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
5/44
The purpose of this project work is to present control theory that is relevant to the
analysis and design of Micro-controller system with an emphasis on basic concept and ideas. It
is assumed that a Microcontroller with reasonable software is available for computations and
simulations so that many tedious details can be left to the Microcontroller. The control system
design is also carried out up to the stage of implementation in the form of controller programs
in assembly language OR in C-Language.
1.6.4 DTMF (DUAL TONE MULTI FREQUENCY):
A DTMF is used to decode the frequency and to give the instructions to
microcontroller.
1.6.5 Devices:
Here devices or Appliances are interfaced with the micro controller .based on the input
instruction the particular appliance is operated.
1.6.6 Voice processing unit:
Voice processing unit is used to give voice instructions, which is done with the help of
voice IC.
IVRS documentation5
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
6/44
Chapter 2
SCHEMATIC
2.1 Schematic Explanation:
The main aim of this power supply is to convert the 230V AC into 5V DC in order to
give supply for the TTL. This schematic explanation includes the detailed pin connections of
every device with the microcontroller.
This schematic explanation includes the detailed pin connections of every device with
the microcontroller. The pin no 23 and 25 are grounded in such a way that voice record and
play back will be possible. The mobile will be connected to the speaker pins.
Let us see the pin connections of each and every device with the microcontroller in
detail.
2.1.1 Power Supply:
In this process we are using a step down transformer, a bridge rectifier, a smoothing
circuit and the RPS.
At the primary of the transformer we are giving the 230V AC supply. The secondary is
connected to the opposite terminals of the Bridge rectifier as the input. From other set of
opposite terminals we are taking the output to the rectifier.
The bridge rectifier converts the AC coming from the secondary of the transformer into
pulsating DC. The output of this rectifier is further given to the smoother circuit which is
capacitor in our project. The smoothing circuit eliminates the ripples from the pulsating DC andgives the pure DC to the RPS to get a constant output DC voltage. The RPS regulates the
voltage as per our requirement.
2.1.2 Microcontroller:
The microcontroller AT89S51 with Pull up resistors at Port0 and crystal oscillator of
11.0592 MHz crystal in conjunction with couple of capacitors of is placed at 18th & 19th pins of
89S51 to make it work (execute) properly.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
7/44
2.1.3 Motor:
The motor is one of the output devices. This is connected to the port P3.6 of the
Microcontroller through the transistor circuitry as shown in the above schematic.
2.1.4 Device:Here the device to be controlled is connected to the port p3.7 of the micro controller by
using relays.
2.1.5 DTMF:
This is nothing but a Dual Tune Multiple Frequency. This receives the signals from the
mobile and sends it to the microcontroller.
2.1.6 Voice decoder:
This device will receive the signal of human voice through mike. It is having 28 pins on
its IC. It consists of 8 message lines (or channels) to which we can give a voice message and it
can operate in any one of two modes (recording and playback).
The supply pins are connected to power supply circuit. Analog (AGND) and digital
ground (DGND) pins of voice decoder IC are connected to VSS of power supply. Analog
power supply
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
8/44
2.2 Schematic Diagram
Figure 2 schematic diagram
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
9/44
2.3 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Ivrs idea is taken from Computer Telephony Integration Systems. Ivrs mainly consists of
five blocks. First block is power supply, it is constant 5 volts dc power supply taking input
from 230 volts AC. It is converted 5 volts Dc by using a step down transformer, a bridge
rectifier, a smoothing circuit and the RPS. 5 volts DC is connected VCC ( pin 40 of
microcontroller ).
2.3.1 INTERFACINGS OF DTMF
User mobile phone generates different frequency when we dial the numbers. These
frequencies are transmitted to mobile phone which is connected kit which is already in auto
answer mode. It is interfaced with help of headset connected to the input pins (pin 1&2.
Figure 3 INTERFACING OF DTMF TO MOBILE
Figure 4 DIAL TONE FREQUENCY STANDARD
MOBILE PHONE DTMF
2
1
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
10/44
For example to activate ivrs we have to dial 0. After dialling 0 a dual tone frequency
[1336+941] is sent. Functionality of dtmf is to decode dual tone frequency to digital data.
Figure 5 INTERFACING OF DTMF WITH MICROCONTROLLER
Digital output is taken from pins (pin 11 to 14) of dtmf which are connected to port
2 (p2.0 to p2.3) of microcontroller.
Functionality of DTMF block it is an IC DTMF8870 which converts dual tone frequency given
by mobile phone to digital information. It is connected in single ended input configuration. In a
single-ended configuration, the input pins are connected as shown in the Single - Ended Input
with the op-amp connected for unity gain and VREF biasing the input at 1/2VDD. The
Differential Input Configuration in FIGURE below permits gain adjustment with the feedback
resistor R5. We have steering circuit connected to st/et and est pin to select minimum time
period of a valid signal. We have grounded pin 5& 6 because we are not using extra keys and
power down mode. Why I have selected DTMF8870 because it most commonly used and
successful worldwide.
DTMF
2.
2 MICRO
CONTROLLER
2.0
2.
1
2.
3
12
13
14
111
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
11/44
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
12/44
Table 1 M8870 PIN FUNCTION
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
13/44
Figure 7 TIMING DIAGRAM OF 8870
Explanation of Events
(A) Tone bursts detected, tone duration invalid, outputs not updated.(B) Tone #n detected, tone duration valid, tone decoded and latched in outputs.
(C) End of tone #n detected, tone absent duration valid, outputs remain latched until next valid
tone.
(D) Outputs switched to high impedance state.
(E) Tone #n + 1 detected, tone duration valid, tone decoded and latched in outputs (currently
high impedance).
(F) Acceptable dropout of tone #n + 1, tone absent duration invalid, outputs remain latched.
(G) End of tone #n + 1 detected, tone absent duration valid, outputs remain latched until next
valid tone.
Explanation of Symbols
VIN DTMF composite input signal.EST Early steering output. Indicates detection of valid tone frequencies.
St/GT Steering input/guard time output. Drives external RC timing circuit.
Q1 - Q4 4-bit decoded tone output.
STD Delayed steering output. Indicates that valid frequencies have been present/absent
for the required guard time, thus constituting a valid signal.
OE Output enable (input). A low level shifts Q1 - Q4 to its high impedance state.
Third block is microcontroller block in this block we are using AT89S51. We have
programmed it embedded c software. A Micro controller consists of a powerful CPU tightly
coupled with memory, various I/O interfaces such as serial port, parallel port timer or counter,
interrupt controller, data acquisition interfaces-Analog to Digital converter, Digital to Analog
converter, integrated on to a single silicon chip.
If a system is developed with a microprocessor, the designer has to go for external
memory such as RAM, ROM, EPROM and peripherals. But controller is provided all these
facilities on a single chip
Functioning of microcontroller, it takes input from DTMF ic in form of parallel bits from
pins (pin 11 to 14) of dtmf which are connected to port 2 (p2.0 to p2.3) of microcontroller and
controls the output devices like voice processing unit and output devices.
For example, to start IVRS system we have to dial 0. That means we are giving DTMF
1010 parallel bits has input to microcontroller. It takes that parallel data and computes the
data with stored instruction. Our given instruction is if input is 1010 then set 1.1 of port1 to
active low which is connected to m1 message (pin 1) of APR9600. Since m1 is given active
low signal it plays recorded voice signal.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
14/44
After listening to message signal, we come to know that to on light we have to dial
1.then we have to dial 1 to light that means we are giving an 0001 has input to the
microcontroller .as per given instruction it makes 3.7 active high. Which activate transistor gate
and on light.
Reasons for selecting AT89S51 are it contains watchdog timer circuit internally and
logic high is up to 5.5volts so that it can have protection Microcontroller from deflection in
voltage.
Fourth bock is voice processing block in which we have a voice processing IC
APR9600. This device will receive the signal of human voice through mike. It is having 28
pins on its IC. It consists of 8 message lines (or channels) to which we can give a voice
message and it can operate in any one of two modes (recording and playback).
The supply pins are connected to power supply circuit. Ana log (AGND) and digital
ground (DGND) pins of voice decoder IC are connected to VSS of power supply. Ana log
power supply. Here it is used has simple recorded voice playing circuit. This is capable of
storing 60 seconds voice.
2.3.2INTERFACINGS OF APR9600 VOICE PROCESSING IC
Figure 8 INTERFACING OF APR9600 WITH MICROCONTROLLER
Pin 1 /m1 of APR9600 is connected to port 1.0 of microcontroller.
11
APR9600
MICRO
CONTROLLER
1.
0
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
15/44
Figure 9 INTERFACING OF APR9600 WITH MOBILE PHONE
Pins (14 & 15) sp+ and sp- are connected to mobile phone voice cable.
Pin 1 /m1 of APR9600 is connected port 1(p1.0) and pins (14 & 15) sp+ and sp- are
connected to mobile phone voice cable. Whenever microcontroller applies input logic high
to /m1 pin them ic will play the recorded voice signal. APR9600 is selected our requirement is
only 60 seconds voice recording only so we are using this particular IC. refer to figure 18 for
pin diagram.
Table 2 PIN FUNCTION OF APR9600
It operates in different modes they are
APR9600
MOBILE PHONE
14
15
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
16/44
Table 3 MODES OF APR9600
MSEL1 MSEL2 -M8 Function Keys Functions
0 0 0 or 1 -M1, -M2 to select 1st
and 2nd sound tracks.
CE to stop
Parallel mode, 2 sections,
30 seconds for each
1 0 0 or 1 -M1 to M4 to select a
sound track, CE to stop
Parallel mode, 4 sections,
15 seconds for each
1 1 1 -M1 to M8 to select a
sound
track, CE to stop
Parallel mode, 8 sections,
7.5 seconds for each
1 1 1 -M1 to M8 to select a
sound
track, CE to stop
Pressing and hold down a
key from M1 to M8 to
play the selected soundtrack repeatedly
0 0 1 -M1 and CE Serial mode, allow up to
256 sound tracks to be
recorded and played.
Sound tracks are played
from
1st to N in order after
M1 is toggled. Press CE
to
play from the 1 st sound
track.
0 0 0 -M1,-M2 and CE Serial mode, Press M1
to replay one sound track.
Toggle M2 once to
move to the next sound
track.
Press CE to play sound
from the 1 st sound track
Here we are using serial mode of operation because here we will play single
voice. So we have selected last mode of operation. Selecting of 7th pin resistance depends on
time period of the signal.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
17/44
Table 4 OSCR RESISTACES AND ITS SAMPLING FREQ.
Here we are using 40 seconds of voice message so we have selected 38k resistance
Replay sound tracks with forward control
Now make RE=1 (switched to Left-hand side of the mode selection switch) while keep other
Switches at the same location. Toggle M1 (press key and release) causes the 1st sound track to
be played once. Toggle M1 again and again will still play the 1st sound track. Once M2 is
toggled, the sound track counter is incremented and the next sound can be played. Press CE to
reset the sound track counter to zero.
Fifth block is output devices. In my project I am using two devices, one is dc fan which is
connected port 3.6 (pin 16) and another 230 volts Ac bulb which is connected to port 3.7.
2.3.3 INTERFACING OF OUTPUT DEVICES
Figure 10 INTERFACING OF OUTPUT DEVICES
INTERFACING OF DC MOTOR
It is connected to port 3.6 which is bit wise opera table. When microcontroller makes 3.6 pin
high logic level voltage. This is connected to base of transistor. Transistor acts as short circuit
which forms a closed loop. So voltage is applied to dc motor.
3.6
3.7
DC MOTER
MICRO
CONTROLLER
LIGHT
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
18/44
Figure 11 INTERFACING OF DC MOTOR
INTERFACING OF LIGHT
It is connected to port 3.7 which is bit opera table .here port 3.7 is connected to relay by which
it is on and off operation is performed.
Figure 12 INTERFACING OF LIGHT
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
19/44
FLOW CHART OF PROGRAM TO ON AND OFF LIGHT
Figure 13 FLOW CHART OF PROGRAM
SOURCE CODE
Start
If 0
dialled
0
Dial 0 to
activate IVRS
Play the voice
message Dial 1 to
on light, dial 2 light
to off light.
While
(0)
On
light
1 is
dialed
2 is dialled
Off the light
if
Play the voice
message Dial 1 to
on light, dial 2 light
to off light.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
20/44
//adding the header files
#include
//declaring the DTMF connections
sbit d0 = P2^0;sbit d1 = P2^1;
sbit d2 = P2^2;
sbit d3 = P2^3;
sbit clk = P2^4;
//declaring the outputs
sbit relay = P3^7;
sbit motor = P3^6;
//declaring the voice connections
sbit msg = P1^0;
//starting the main program
void main()
{
while(1)
{
{
if(d3 == 1 && d2 == 0 && d1 == 1 && d0 == 0)
{
msg = 0;
while(1)
{
while(clk)
{
if(d3 == 0 && d2 == 0 && d1 == 0 && d0 == 1)
{
relay = 1;
}
if(d3 == 0 && d2 == 0 && d1 == 1 && d0 == 0)
{
relay = 0;
}
if(d3 == 0 && d2 == 0 && d1 == 1 && d0 == 1)
{
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
21/44
motor = 1;
}
if(d3 == 0 && d2 == 1 && d1 == 0 && d0 == 0)
{motor = 0;
}
if(d3 == 1 && d2 == 0 && d1 == 1 && d0 == 0)
msg = 0;
}
}
}
}
END OF CHAPTER 2
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
22/44
Chapter 3
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
3.1 HARDWARE DESIGN
3.1.1 Introduction
In this chapter we are going to cover all parts of Interactive Voice Response System
(IVRS) in detailed manner and their functions in brief. Here we are more interested about the
Microcontroller since it is the heart of the project. So the complete architecture is explained and
also significance of the Microcontroller.
Hardware components:
1. power supply
2. Micro controller
3. DTMF decode
4. Voice IC
5. Devices
3.1.2 MICRO CONTROLLER (AT89S51)
3.1.2.1 Introduction
A Micro controller consists of a powerful CPU tightly coupled with memory, various
I/O interfaces such as serial port, parallel port timer or counter, interrupt controller, data
acquisition interfaces-Analog to Digital converter, Digital to Analog converter, integrated on to
a single silicon chip.
If a system is developed with a microprocessor, the designer has to go for external
memory such as RAM, ROM, EPROM and peripherals. But controller is provided all these
facilities on a single chip. Development of a Micro controller reduces PCB size and cost of
design.
One of the major differences between a Microprocessor and a Micro controller is that a
controller often deals with bits not bytes as in the real world application.
Intel has introduced a family of Micro controllers called the MCS-51.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
23/44
Figure 14 micro controller
3.1.2.2 Features:
Compatible with MCS-51 Products
4K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
Three-level Program Memory Lock
128 x 8-bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Two 16-bit Timer/Counters
Six Interrupt Sources
Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
3.1.2.3 Description
The AT89S51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4K bytes of in-
system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density
nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry- standard 80C51 instruction set
and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a
conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
24/44
programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S51 is a powerful microcontroller which
provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.
Block diagram:
Figure 15 block diagram of micro controller
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
25/44
Pin diagram:
Figure 16pin diagram of micro controller
3.1.2.4 Pin Description
VCC - Supply voltage.
GND - Ground.
Port 0:
Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bidirectional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight
TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as high-impedance inputs. Port 0
can also be configured to be the multiplexed low-order address/data bus during accesses to external
program and data memory. In this mode, P0 has internal pull-ups. Port 0 also receives the code bytes
during Flash programming and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pull-
ups are required during program verification.
Port 1:
Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 1 output buffers can
sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins, they are pulled high by the internal
pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
26/44
source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes
during Flash programming and verification.
Table 5 PORT 1
Port 2:
Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 2 output buffers can
sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 2 pins, they are pulled high by the internal
pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will
source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits
and some control signals during Flash programming and verification.
Port 3:
Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 3 output buffers can
sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins, they are pulled high by the internal
pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low willsource current (IIL) because of the pull-ups. Port 3 receives some control signals for Flash
programming and verification. Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the
AT89S51, as shown in the following table.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
27/44
Table 6 PORT3
RST:
Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets
the device. This pin drives High for 98 oscillator periods after the Watchdog times out. The DISRTO
bit in SFR AUXR (address 8EH) can be used to disable this feature. In the default state of bitDISRTO, the RESET HIGH out feature is enabled.
ALE/PROG:
Address Latch Enable (ALE) is an output pulse for latching the low byte of the address
during accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input (PROG) during Flash
programming. In normal operation, ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency
and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE pulse is
skipped during each access to external data memory. If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by
setting bit 0 of SFR location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during a MOVX or MOVC
instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has no effect if the
microcontroller is in external execution mode.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
28/44
PSEN:
Program Store Enable (PSEN) is the read strobe to external program memory. When the
AT89S51 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice each machine
cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to external data memory.
EA/VPP:
External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GND in order to enable the device to fetch
code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH. Note, however, that if
lock bit 1 is programmed, EA will be internally latched on reset. EA should be strapped to VCC for
internal program executions. This pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage (VPP)
during Flash programming.
XTAL1:
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.
XTAL2:
Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.
Oscillator Characteristics:
XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier
which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figs 6.2.3. Either a quartz
crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from an external clock source,
XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven as shown in Figure 6.2.4.There are
no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal
clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum voltage
high and low time specifications must be observed.
3.1.3 DTMF (DUAL TONE MULTI FREQUENCY)
The M-8870 is a full DTMF Receiver that integrates both band split filter and decoder
functions into a single 18-pin DIP or SOIC package. Manufactured using CMOS process
technology, the M-8870 offers low power consumption (35 mW max) and precise data
handling. Its filter section uses switched capacitor technology for both the high and low group
filters and for dial tone rejection. Its decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and
decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is minimized by
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
29/44
provision of an on-chip differential input amplifier, clock generator, and latched tri-state
interface bus. Minimal external components required include a low-cost 3.579545 MHz color
burst crystal, a timing resistor, and a timing capacitor.
The -8870 provides a power-down option which, when enabled, drops consumption
to less than 0.5 mW. The M-8870-02 can also inhibit the decoding of fourth column digits
3.1.3.1 Features
Low Power Consumption
Adjustable Acquisition and Release Times
Central Office Quality and Performance
Power-down and Inhibit Modes (-02 only)
Inexpensive 3.58 MHz Time Base
Single 5 Volt Power Supply
Dial Tone Suppression
Pin diagram:
Figure 17 pin diagram of m8870
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
30/44
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Figure 18 functional block diagram of m8870
3.1.3.2 Functional Description
M-8870 operating functions include a band split filter that separates the high and lowtones of the received pair, and a digital decoder that verifies both the frequency and duration of
the received tones before passing the resulting 4-bit code to the output bus.
Filter
The low and high group tones are separated by applying the dual-tone signal to the
inputs of two 6th order switched capacitor band pass filters with bandwidths that correspond to
the bands enclosing the low and high group tones. The filter also incorporates notches at 350
and 440 Hz, providing excellent dial tone rejection. Each filter output is followed by a single-
order switched capacitor section that smoothes the signals prior to limiting. Signal limiting is
performed by high gain comparators provided with hysteresis to prevent detection of unwanted
low-level signals and noise. The comparator outputs provide full-rail logic swings at the
frequencies of the incoming tones.
Decoder
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
31/44
The M-8870 decoder uses a digital counting technique to determine the frequencies of
the limited tones and to verify that they correspond to standard DTMF frequencies. A complex
averaging algorithm is used to protect against tone simulation by extraneous signals (such as
voice) while tolerating small frequency variations. The algorithm ensures an optimum
combination of immunity to talkoff and tolerance to interfering signals (third tones) and noise.
When the detector recognizes the simultaneous presence of two valid tones (known as signal
condition), it raises the Early Steering flag (ESt). Any subsequent loss of signal condition will
cause ESt to fall.
Steering Circuit
Before a decoded tone pair is registered, the receiver checks for a valid signal duration
(referred to as character- recognition-condition). This check is performed by an external RC
time constant driven by ESt. A logic high on ESt causes VC to rise as the capacitor discharges.
Provided that signal condition is maintained (ESt remains high) for the validation period
(tGTF), VC reaches the threshold (VTSt) of the steering logic to register the tone pair, thus
latching its corresponding 4-bit code into the output latch. At this point, the GT output is
activated and drives VC to VDD.
GT continues to drive high as long as ESt remains high. Finally, after a short delay to allow theoutput latch to settle, the delayed steering output flag (StD) goes high, signaling that a received
tone pair has been registered. The contents of the output latch are made available on the 4-bit
output bus by raising the threestate control input (OE) to a logic high. The steering circuit
works in reverse to validate the interdigit pause between signals. Thus, as well as rejecting
signals too short to be considered valid, the receiver will tolerate signal interruptions (dropouts)
too short to be considered a valid pause. This capability, together with the ability to select the
steering time constants externally, allows the designer to tailor performance to meet a wide
variety of system requirements.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
32/44
Figure 19 basic steering circuit
Figure 20 single ended input configuration
Input Configuration
The input arrangement of the M-8870 provides a differential input operational amplifier as well
as a bias source (VREF) to bias the inputs at mid-rail. Provision is made for connection of a
feedback resistor to the op-amp output (GS) for gain adjustment. In a single-ended
configuration, the input pins are connected as shown in the Single - Ended Input with the op-
amp connected for unity gain and VREF biasing the input at 1/2VDD. The Differential Input
Configuration bellow permits gain adjustment with the feedback resistor R5.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
33/44
3.1.3.3 DTMF Clock Circuit
The internal clock circuit is completed with the addition of a standard 3.579545 MHz television
color burst crystal. The crystal can be connected to a single M-8870 as or to a series of M-
8870s. As illustrated in the Common Crystal Connection below, a single crystal can be used to
connect a series of M-8870s by coupling the oscillator output of each M-8870 through a 30pF
capacitor to the oscillator input of the next M-8870.
Explanation of Symbols
VIN DTMF composite input signal.
ESt Early steering output. Indicates detection of valid tone frequencies.
St/GT Steering input/guard time output. Drives external RC timing
circuit.
Q1 - Q4 4-bit decoded tone output.
StD Delayed steering output. Indicates that valid frequencies have been
present/ absent for the required guardtime, thus constituting a valid
signal.
OE Output enable (input). A low level shifts Q1 - Q4 to its high
Impedance state.
tREC Maximum DTMF signal duration not detected as valid.
tREC Minimum DTMF signal duration required for valid recognition.
tID Minimum time between valid DTMF signals.
tDO Maximum allowable dropout during valid DTMF signal.
tDP Time to detect the presence of valid DTMF signals.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
34/44
tDA Time to detect the absence of valid DTMF signals.
TGTP Guard time, tone present.
TGTA Guard time, tone absent.
3.1.4 REGULATED POWER SUPPLYThe power supplies are designed to convert high voltage AC mains electricity to a
suitable low voltage supply for electronics circuits and other devices. A RPS (Regulated
Power Supply) is the Power Supply with Rectification, Filtering and Regulation being done on
the AC mains to get a Regulated power supply for Microcontroller and for the other devices
being interfaced to it.
3.1.5 APR 9600 RE-Recording Voice IC
1 Single-chip Voice Recording & Playback Device60- Second Duration
3.1.5.1 Features:
Single-chip, high-quality voice recording & playback solution
- No external ICs required
- Minimum external components
Non-volatile Flash memory technology
- No battery backup required
User-Selectable messaging options
- Random access of multiple fixed-duration messages
- Sequential access of multiple variable-duration messages
User-friendly, easy-to-use operation
- Programming & development systems not required
- Level-activated recording & edge-activated play back switches
Low power consumption
- Operating current: 25 mA typical
- Standby current: 1 uA typical
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
35/44
- Automatic power-down
Chip Enable pin for simple message expansion
3.1.5.2 General Descriptions:
The APR9600 device offers true single-chip voice recording, non-volatile storage, and
playback capability for 40 to 60 seconds. The device supports both random and sequential
access of multiple messages. Sample rates are user- selectable, allowing designers to customize
their design for unique quality and storage time needs. Integrated output amplifier, microphone
amplifier, and AGC circuits greatly simplify system design. the device is ideal for use in
portable voice recorders, toys, and many other consumer and industrial applications.
APLUS integrated achieves these high levels of storage capability by using its
proprietary analog/multilevel storage technology implemented in an advanced Flash non-
volatile memory process, where each memory cell can store 256 voltage levels. This
technology enables the APR9600 device to reproduce voice signals in their natural form. It
eliminates the need for encoding and compression, which often introduce distortion.
Figure 18 ps: the APR9600 DIP&SOP
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
36/44
3.1.5.3 Functional Description:
APR9600 block diagram is included in order to describe the device's internal architecture. At
the left hand side of the diagram are the analog inputs. A differential microphone amplifier,
including integrated AGC, is included on-chip for applications requiring use. The amplified
microphone signals fed into the device by connecting the ANA_OUT pin to the ANA_IN pin
through an external DC blocking capacitor. Recording can be fed directly into the ANA_IN pin
through a DC blocking capacitor, however, the connection between ANA_IN andANA OUT is
still required for playback. The next block encountered by the input signal is the internal anti-
aliasing filter. The filter automatically adjusts its response According to the sampling frequency
selected so Shannons Sampling Theorem is satisfied. After anti-aliasing filtering is
accomplished the signal is ready to be clocked into the memory array. This storage is
accomplished through a combination of the Sample and Hold circuit and the Analog
Write/Read circuit. Either the Internal Oscillator or an external clock source clocks these
circuits. When playback is desired the previously stored recording is retrieved from memory,
low pass filtered, and amplified as shown on the right hand side of the diagram. The signal can
be heard by connecting a speaker to the SP+ and SP- pins. Chip-wide management is
accomplished through the device control block shown in the upper right hand corner. Message
management is provided through the message control block represented in the lower center of
the block diagram. More detail on actual device application can be found in the Sample
Application section. More detail on sampling control can be found in the Sample Rate and
Voice Quality section. More detail on Message management and device control can be found in
the Message Management section.
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
37/44
Figure 21 APR9600 BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.1.6 DC Motor
DC motors are configured in many types and sizes, including brush less, servo, and gear
motor types. A motor consists of a rotor and a permanent magnetic field stator. The magnetic
field is maintained using either permanent magnets or electromagnetic windings. DC motors
are most commonly used in variable speed and torque.
Motion and controls cover a wide range of components that in some way are used to
generate and/or control motion. Areas within this category include bearings and bushings,
clutches and brakes, controls and drives, drive components, encoders and resolves, Integrated
motion control, limit switches, linear actuators, linear and rotary motion components, linear
position sensing, motors (both AC and DC motors), orientation position sensing, pneumatics
and pneumatic components, positioning stages, slides and guides, power transmission
(mechanical), seals, slip rings, solenoids, springs.
Motors are the devices that provide the actual speed and torque in a drive system. This
family includes AC motor types (single and multiphase motors, universal, servo motors,
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
38/44
induction, synchronous, and gear motor) and DC motors (brush less, servo motor, and gear
motor) as well as linear, stepper and air motors, and motor contactors and starters.
In any electric motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism. A current-
carrying conductor generates a magnetic field; when this is then placed in an external magnetic
field, it will experience a force proportional to the current in the conductor, and to the strength
of the external magnetic field. As you are well aware of from playing with magnets as a kid,
opposite (North and South) polarities attract, while like polarities (North and North, South and
South) repel. The internal configuration of a DC motor is designed to harness the magnetic
interaction between a current-carrying conductor and an external magnetic field to generate
rotational motion.
Let's start by looking at a simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red represents a magnet
or winding with a "North" polarization, while green represents a magnet or winding with a
"South" polarization).
Figure 22 Block Diagram of the DC motor
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
39/44
3.1.7 RELAY
Figure 23 RELAY
Equivalent to Good Sky Part# RW-SH-112D
Details:
These SPDT relays covers switching capacity of 10A in spite of miniature size for PCB
Mount.
Contact Rating
12A at 120VAC
10A at 120VAC
10A at 24VDC
Coil Resistance
400ohm 12VDC
Life expectancy
Mechanical 10,000,000 operations at no load
Electrical 100,000 at rated resistive load
Applications:
Domestic Appliances
Office Machines Audio Equipment
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
40/44
3.2 SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
3.2.1 ABOUT SOFTWARE
Software used is:
*Keil software for C programming
*Express PCB for lay out design
*Express SCH for schematic design
3.2.2 KEIL Vision3
What's New in Vision3?
Vision3 adds many new features to the Editor like Text Templates, Quick Function
Navigation, and Syntax Coloring with brace high lighting Configuration Wizard for dialog
based startup and debugger setup. Vision3 is fully compatible to Vision2 and can be used in
parallel with Vision2.
3.3.3 What is Vision3?
Vision3 is an IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that helps you write,compile, and debug embedded programs. It encapsulates the following components:
A project manager.
A make facility.
Tool configuration.
Editor.
A powerful debugger.
3.3.4 Express PCB
Express PCB is a Circuit Design Software and PCB manufacturing service. One can
learn almost everything you need to know about Express PCB from the help topics included
with the programs given.
Details:
Express PCB, Version 5.6.0
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
41/44
3.3.4 Express SCH
The Express SCH schematic design program is very easy to use. This software enables
the user to draw the Schematics with drag and drop options .
A Quick Start Guide is provided by which the user can learn how to use it.
Details:
Express SCH, Version 5.6.0
3.3.5 EMBEDDED C:
The programming Language used here in this project is an Embedded C Language.
This Embedded C Language is different from the generic C language in few things like
a) Data types
b) Access over the architecture addresses.
The Embedded C Programming Language forms the user friendly language with access
over Port addresses, SFR Register addresses etc.
Embedded C Data types:
Table 7 EMBEDDED C DATA TYPE
Data Types Size in Bits Data Range/Usage
unsigned char 8-bit 0-255
signed char 8-bit -128 to +127
unsigned int 16-bit 0 to 65535
signed int 16-bit -32,768 to +32,767
sbit 1-bit SFR bit addressable only
bit 1-bit RAM bit addressable only
sfr 8-bit RAM addresses 80-FFH only
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
42/44
Signed char:
o Used to represent the or + values.
o As a result, we have only 7 bits for the magnitude of the signed number, giving us
values from -128 to +127.
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:
This project is basically aimed to build a system in which the controlling of industrial
appliances is done based on IVRS. This system consists of DTMF decoder, voice IC, micro
controller, and appliances.
Whenever user wants to control the industrial appliances, he needs to call the mobilewhich is already interfaced with DTMF decoder and voice IC. Here user keeps the mobile in
auto-answer mode, which automatically lifts the call and user is able to listen voice instructions
also. Based on key selection the particular appliance is going to made ON/OFF.
DTMF decoder is used to decode the frequencies from the mobile and voice IC is used
to store the voice instructions. Micro controller plays major role in directing the data to
respective appliances.
Chapter 4
FINAL DESCRIPTION
7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
43/44
4.1 CONCLUSION
The project Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) has been successfully
designed and tested. Integrating features of all the hardware components used have developed
it. Presence of every module has been reasoned out and placed carefully thus contributing to the
best working of the unit.
Secondly, using highly advanced ICs and with the help of growing technology the
project has been successfully implemented.
4.2 FUTURE ASPECTS
In this project, there is a voice processing unit in which we can record and playback the
voice for a minimum duration of 60 seconds only. So we can replace this unit with more voice
storage device so that we can utilize for a wide range of applications in industries, colleges etc.
Just like controlling the devices in a industry and as well as marks announcement in colleges
etc.
4.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY
4.3.1 NAME OF THE SITES
1. WWW.MITEL.DATABOOK.COM
2. WWW.ATMEL.DATABOOK.COM
3. WWW.FRANKLIN.COM
4. WWW.KEIL.COM
5. www.teltone.com
4.3.2 REFERENCES
1. 8051-MICROCONTROLLER AND EMBEDDED SYSTEM.
Mohd. Mazidi.
http://www.mitel.databook.com/http://www.atmel.databook.com/http://www.franklin.com/http://www.keil.com/http://www.mitel.databook.com/http://www.atmel.databook.com/http://www.franklin.com/http://www.keil.com/7/31/2019 Final Ivrs Details
44/44
Recommended