Geology of Ethiopia - Ethiogrioethiogrio.com/files//Ethiopia_Map_251592290.pdf · Ethiopian...

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Ethiopian Ministry of MinesGeological Survey of Ethiopia

Geology of EthiopiaEthiopia has a complex geological history represented in three

major geological terrains. Late Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic

continental and marine sediments occur mainly in the eastern

part of Ethiopia. Also Cenozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks

occur, including those of the East African Rift Valley transecting

the country from south to north.

The most important terrain for gold exploration and exploitation

is the Proterozoic basement constituting about 18% of the

country. The basement hosts nearly all known gold occurrences.

The entire country is covered by this 1:2 000 000 scale geological

map, which was first published in 1973 and edited in 1996, while

the compilation of 1:250 000 scale maps is still ongoing. At

present 51% of the country is covered by 1:250 000 scale maps

and full coverage is expected before 2016. These maps are

available both in hard copy print and soft copy.

Geochemical surveys on different scales have been conducted in

different parts of the country with particular emphasis on the

assessment of the mineral potential of the Precambrian rocks. To

date c. 20% of the country has been covered by 1:100 000 scale

maps and for selected areas more detailed maps have been

compiled. From 2009 systematic geochemical mapping on a scale

of 1:250 000 integrated with geological and geophysical mapping

was started and coverage of 50% is expected before 2016. Further

the compilation of a 1:2 000 000 scale geochemical map and

metallogenic map has been initiated.

A considerable part of the greenstone belts in the Proterozoic

basement has been covered by airborne geophysical surveys. The

Ethiopian Government has approved a five-year strategic plan

(2011-2015) to cover the country by low–medium resolution,

airborne geophysical surveys, to compile a 1:500 000 scale gravity

map of Ethiopia and increase the coverage of the 1:250 000 scale

gravity map to around 50% of the country.

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5.Geological Map of Mekele Sheet (ND 37-11), 1:250,000.Geology compilation by Y.Arkin et.al. (1968-1971),EIGS.

7.Geological Map of Central and Southern Afar (Ethiopia and Djibouti) ,1:500,000 CNR-CNRS (1975).

4.Gological Map of Adiarkay Sheet (ND 37 -10) 1:250,000.Preliminary compilation by Tsegaye Hailu (1975) ,EIGS.

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3.Gological Map of Adirametse Sheet (ND 37 -9) 1:250,000.Geology compilation by Abera Aguma and Girma Kebede (1974-1976).EIGS.

9.Geological Map of Abu Ramla Sheet (NC 36 -4 NC 36-8),1:250,000.Compiled by Alemayehu Gudeya (1989). Unpublished.EIGS.

1.Geological Map of Ethiopia,1:2,000,000. Compiled by V.Kazmin (UN) 1972,MME.

2.Geological Map of Adigrat Sheet (ND 37 -7),1:250,000.Compilation by C.R.Garland (1972). Recompilation with ERTS data by V. Kazmin (1976) EIGS.

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6.Geological Map of the Danakil Depression (Northern Afar,Ethiopia) 1:50,000 CNR-CNRS (1973).

8.Geological MAp of Ethiopia and Somalia 1:2,000,000 by Meria Gtm,Abate E.,Conti P., Segari M.,Tacconi P. (1973).

12.(a) Geological Map of Gore Sheet (NC 36 -16),1:250,000.Compilation by Mengesha Tefera and Seife M.Berhe .EIGS. (b) Geoogy of the Gore Gambela Geotraverse Area,Western Ethiopia 1:100,000 Compiled by J.M.Moore, Teklewold Ayalew and J.M.

11.Geological Map of Gimbi Sheet (NC 36-12) 1:250,000.Preliminary draft compilation by Amenti Abraham (1984) Unpublished .EIGS.

19.Geological Map of Ngele Sheet (Nb 37-2)1:250,000.Prilimnary comilation by Tilahun Balcha (1983).Published,EIGS.

20.Geological Map of the Ogaden and surrounding area 1:1,000,000.Compiled BEICIP (1985)

18.Geoloogical Map of Agere Mariam Sheet (NB 37-11) 1 250,000.Compiled by Woldegebriel Genzebu ,Nassir Hassen and Tesfaye Yemane ,(1990).Published,EIGS.

17.Geological Map of the 0mo River Area 1:500,000.Geological compilation by A.Davidson (1985).

16.Gological Map of Goba Sheet (NB 37 -7) 1:250,000.Preliminary compilation by Belay Desta (1985).Unpublished,EIGS.

15.Geological Map of the Ethipian Rift 1:500,000.Compiled by V.Kazmin and Seife M.Berhe (!981),Unpublished EIGS.

14.Geological Map of Nazret Sheet (NC 37-15) 1:250,000.Compiled by Seife M.Berhe and V.Kazmin,UN supervising geologist (1978),EIGS.

10.Geological Map of Kurmuk Assossa Sheet (NC 36 -7 & NC 36-8),1:250,000.Compiled by Mengesha Tefera (1990). Unpublished.EIGS.

21.Geological Map of Sololo (Na 37 -2) and Moyale (NA 37-3) Sheets 1:500,000. Priliminary compilation by G.Sabolovisky,Geology by Rergional Geology Department and Bulbul Hagere Mariam Project (1990) ,EIGS.

13.Geological Map of Dire Dawa Sheet (NC 37-12) 1:250,000. Compilation by Seife M.Berhe (1978),EIGS.

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Undifferentiated alluvial,lacustrine and beach sediments.

Alluvial,lacustrine and marine sediments:Conglomerate,sand,clay,reef,limestone,marl and gypsum.

Rhyolitic volcanic centers,obsidian pitchstone,pumice,ignimbrite,tuff,subordinate trachytic flows (predominantly peralkaline in composition)

Hawaiite,mugearite,trachyte,andesine basalt and ferrobasalt.

Dino Formation:Ignimbrite,tuff,course pumice,waterlain pyroclastic rocks with rare intercalations of lacustrine sediments.

P2a

P2a Kg1

Qg

JgJh

Ju

Qg

Qg

Jg

Kg2

Jg

Jg2

Jg

Jg1

P2a

Ju

Jg

Jg

Jg

Ju

Ju

Jg

Jg1

Kg2

Jg2

P2aKg2

Kg2

P2a

Kg2

P2a

Kg2Kg2

Kg2

P2a

P2a

P2aP2a

P2a

P2a

P2a

Ju

Jg2

P2a

P2a

P2a

Jg2

P2a

P2a

P2a

Jg2

P2a

Jh

P2aP2a

Kg2

Kg2

Jg

Pj

Jg1

Jg2 Q

Ju

Jh

JhJh

Q

Jg2

Q

Q

Ka

Jg1

P2aJg1

Jg1

P2a

P2a

Ju Jh

KmQ

Jg2

Q

P2a

JuPR1r Ju

PNaPNa Ju

Jh Ja

Ju

JhJh

Ju

Ju

JhJu

PR1rJa

Jg

JgJh

Jh

JuJh

JuJu

ARl

Ja

ARlARl

JaJh

Ju

Q

ARl

Jh

JuJh

Ja

Jh

Ja

Jh

P2a

Jh

Jh

P2a

Ju

P2a

Jh

Gabredarre Formation : Kimmeridgia -Tithonian ; (Jg2) Upper unit and (Jg1) Lower unit :Limestone with shaly and gypsiferous units.

Adigrat Formation : Triassic-Middle Jurassic sandstone.

Hamanlei Formation : Oxfordian limestone and shale.

Abay Formation : Middle-Jurassic limestone,shale and gypsum.

Agula Formation :Kimmeridgian shale,marl and limestone.

a) Urandab Formation (Ju) : Oxfordian-Kmmerdgian marl and shaly limestoneb) Antalo Formation (Jt) : Limestone.

EARLY - LATE JURASSIC

Jg

Ju

Q

Pa

QPi

SO

MA

LI

Q

Kg2

P2a

Q

P2a

Q

Kg2

P2a

P2a

Q

Q

Q

P2a

Q

Q

Q

Kg2

Kg2

Kg2

P2a

Kg2

P2a

Kg2

Q

P2aKg2

Kg2

Kg2

Kg2

P2a

P2a

Q

Kg2

Kg2

P2a

Q

QQ

Km

Q

Kg2

QKm

Q

QQ

S

Q

Kg2

Kg2

Km Km

Kf

Kb

Kg2

Km

Km

Kb

Q

O

MPi

Pj

Kf

P2a

Km APi

SECOND EDITION,1996Compiled by Mengesha Tefera, Tadiwos Chernet and Workineh Haro Regional Geology Department,EIGS,1990.

Vectorization by Kebede Woldie and Nigussie Teshome,GSE,2005.

Copyright reserved

Note: The delineation of international boundaries must not be considered authoritative.

Projection-Longitude/Latitude ( WGS 84)

Copies of this map may be obtained from Geological Survey of EthiopiaP.O.Box 2302,Tel( 251 - 1) 463325,Fax. (251 - 1) 463326

Email: geology3@telecom. net. et Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2005.

Cartography by Nigussie Teshome and Kebede Woldie, Cartography and Surveying Service,EIGS,1996.

Topographic base map is obtained from the first Edition of Geological Map of Ethipia ,scale1:2,000,000 with ammendments.Published by the Ministry of Mines ,Geological Survey of Ethiopia,GSE.

Q Q

Km

Ju

Jg1

Jh

Jh

P2a

Kg2Kb

Ju

Ju

P2a

Pt

Pi

P2a

PaPi

P2a

P2a

P2a

Pa

Q

Pt

Q

L

I

Pa

A

A

Pk

Jg1

Km

Kg2Kg1

Jg2

Jag

Ja

Jt

Jb

Jh

EOCENE

P2a

Pk

Pt

Pa

Kf

Ka

CRETACEOUS

Pj

Kb

Korahe Formation (Main Gypsum Formation) : (Neocomian/Barremian)Upper Korahe (Kg2) gypsum, shale, dolomite and anhydrite intercalationLower Korahe (Kg1) shale and limestone with basal sandstone.

Mustahil Formation:Aptian-Albian limestone,marl and sandstone.

Karkar Formaytion : Middle-late Eocene limestone withmarly intercalations.

Taleh Formation:Erly-Middle Eocene:Anhydrite,gypsum,dolomite and clay

Auradu Formation:Late Paleocene-Early Eocene limestone.

Jessoma Formation:Late Cretaceous-Paleocene sandstone.

Amba Aradom Formation:Sandstone,conglomerate and shale.

Belet Uen Formation:Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian -Turonian)limestone with some sandstone and shale.

LATE JURASSIC

Ashangi Formation: Deeply weathered alkaline and trasitional basaltflows with rare intercalations of tuff,often tilted (includes AkoboBasalts of SW Ethiopia).

Ferfer Formation:Albabian-Cenomanian shale,dolomite and anhydrite.

Jimma Volcanics (Upper part) : Rhyolite and trachyte flows and tuff with minor basaltJimma Volcanics (Lower part) : Flood basalt with minor salic flows.

LATE EOCENE - LATE OLIGOCENEPjrPjb

Tonalite

Diorite

Gabbro

tn

dt

gb

Late Proterozoic Ultramafic Rocks : Serpentinite, peridotitedunite and talc schists.

Syn - tectonic granite.

Pre - tectonic and syn - tectonic granite.

Granodiorite and tonalite.

Granodiorite.

gt2

gt1

gd / tn

gd

Syncline : upright,overturned

Caldera

Field of small basaltic vents

Basic dykes and sills

Major plugs or group of small plugs

Anticline : upright,overturned

Synform

Antiform

Shield volcano of the Ethiopian Plateau.

Geological contact : observed,inferred.

Faults : observed,inferred.

Fault barb on downthrown side.

Other major volcanic edifices

OTHER SYMBOLS

0

0

Nrs

Nb Mursi and Bofa Basalts : Alkaline basalt

PLIOCENE - PLEISTOCENE

MIOCENE - PLIOCENE

NOtb

NQ

NcbNc

Ndb

Tulu Wolel Trachyte with subordinate basalt.

LATE MIOCENE

MIDDLE - MIOCENE

Nn

Na

Ntt

40

LEGEND

GEOLOGICAL MAP OF ETHIOPIA

40 80 kms.

80 miles

MIDDLE - LATE OLIGOCENE

Alage Formation : Transitional and subalkaline basalts with minorrhyolite and trachyte eruptives.

Arsi and Bale Basalts:Flood basalts often connected tovolcanic edifices,silisic near the upper part.

Makonnen Basalts:Flood basalts,commonly directly overlayingthe chrystalline basement.

Aiba Basalts:Flood basalts with rare basic tuff.

PNa

PNmb

PNab

P3a

OLIGOCENE - MIOCENE

Tarmaber Megezez Formation : Transitional and alkaline basalt.

Mabla and Arba Guracha Formation : Rhyolitic domes,flows andpyroclastic rocks of dominantly peralkaline composition withsubordinate trachyte and basalt flows interstratified at base.

Teltele and Surma Basalt : Flood basalts.

Adwa Formation : Trachyte and phonolite plug.

Ntb

Nmr

Nts

Nad

Nazret Series : Ignimbrites,unwelded tuffs,ash flows,rhyolitic flows,domes and trachyte.

Afar Series : Alkaline basalt with subordinate alkaline andperalkaline silicics (rhyolitic dome and flows and ignimbrites)

Dalaha Formation : Fissural basalts and hawaiites with someintercalated detrital and lacustrine sediments, with rhyoliticflows and ignimbrites in the upper part.

Undivided Lacustrine and Fluvial Sediments : Sand, silt gravelconglomerate(Omo Group and Hadar Formation) .

Chilalo Formation(Upper part) : Alkaline basaltChilalo Formation(Lower part) : Trachyte,trachy- basalt,peralkaline rhyolite with subordinate akaline. basalt.

Danakil Group (Red Sea Series) : Conglomerate, sandstone,siltstone with intercalated basalt flows and lacustrinesediments of the Chorora Formation

Tarmaber Gussa Formation : Alkaline to transitional basaltsoften forming shield volcanoes with minor trachyte and phonolite flowsPNtb

Bishoftu Formation : Alkaline basalt and trachyte. Pzt

gt4

Late to post - tectonic granite.

Alkali granite and syenite.

Post - tectonic granite and syenite.

ARl

ARk

gt5

gt3

PR2t

PR2d

Upper Proterozoic : Undifferentiated.

Didikama Formation : Slate and dolomite.

LATE PALEOZOIC - TRIASSIC

LATE PROTEROZOIC

PR2

PR2s

PR2a Adola Group : Amphibolite,quartzite and graphitic phyllite.

Kajimiti Beds : Metaconglomerate and metasandstone.

PR2l

PR2td

PR2b

PR2k

ARb Baro Group : Biotite,hornblende - biotite,garnet - amphibole,garnet - sillimarite,calc - silicate and muscovite gneisses.

Yavello Group : Quartzo - feldspathic gneiss and granulite.

EARLY PROTEROZOIC

ARCHEAN

PR1r

PR1w

ARy

Tembien Group : Chlorite, sericite and graphite phyllites,limestone, slate and dolomite.

Shiraro Formation : Sandstone and conglomerate.

Alghe Group : Biotite and hornblende gneisses,granulite andmigmatite with minor metasedimentary gneisses.

Konso Group : Hornblende, pyroxene,garnet - pyroxene gneissesand amphibolite with minor metasedimentary gneiss.

PRECAMBRIAN AND PHANEROZOIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS

Awata Group : Biotite, hornblende,sillimanite - garnet,calc - sillicate and quartzo - feldspathic gneisses,marble and granulite.

Mormora Group : Biotite schist,gneiss,marble and graphitic schist.

Wadera Group : Metasandstone,quartzite,biotite and muscovite schists.

ARa

Tsaliet Group : Metaandesite, metadacite,metarhyolite.chlorite,sericite and graphite phyllites,green schist,limestone and quartzite.

Tulu Dimtu Group : Metabasalt,metaandesite,green schist,phyllite,metaconglomerate,quartzite and marble.

Birbir Group : Metabasalt,metaandesite,metarhyolit,phyllite,graphiticschist,marble,quartzite,metaconglomerate,greenschist,metasandstone,metachert and amphibolite.

Enticho Sandstone, Edaga Arbi Glacials,Gura and Gilo Formations:Sandstone, shale, conglomerate and tillite.

Page 2

ab

Qbt

HO

LOC

ENE

PLEI

STO

CEN

E

Qg

Qh

Qp

QdQrQ

QU

ATE

RN

AR

Y U

ND

IFFE

REN

TIA

TED

Qb

Qb1

ab

Allu

vial

and

lacu

strin

e de

posi

ts:S

and,

silt,

clay

,di

atom

ite,li

mes

tone

and

bea

ch s

and.

Bas

alt f

low

s,sp

atte

r con

es a

nd h

yalo

clas

tites

a) T

rans

ition

al ty

pe b

etw

een

alka

line

and

thol

eiiti

c.b)

Alk

alin

e ol

ivin

e ba

salt.

Plat

eau

Bas

alt:A

lkal

ine

basa

lt an

d tr

achy

te

Ghi

nir F

orm

atio

n :R

hyol

ite w

ith s

ubor

dina

te b

asal

t

Und

iffer

entia

ted

allu

vial

,lacu

strin

e an

d be

ach

sedi

men

ts.

Allu

vial

,lacu

strin

e an

d m

arin

e se

dim

ents

:Con

glom

erat

e,sa

nd,c

lay,

reef

,lim

esto

ne,m

arl a

nd g

ypsu

m.

Rhy

oliti

c vo

lcan

ic c

ente

rs,o

bsid

ian

pitc

hsto

ne,p

umic

e,ig

nim

brite

,tuff,

subo

rdin

ate

trac

hytic

flow

s (p

redo

min

antly

per

alka

line

in c

ompo

sitio

n)

Haw

aiite

,mug

earit

e,tr

achy

te,a

ndes

ine

basa

lt an

d fe

rrob

asal

t.

Din

o Fo

rmat

ion:

Igni

mbr

ite,tu

ff,co

urse

pum

ice,

wat

erla

in

pyro

clas

tic ro

cks

with

rare

inte

rcal

atio

ns o

f lac

ustr

ine

sedi

men

ts.

Gab

reda

rre

Form

atio

n : K

imm

erid

gia

-Tith

onia

n ; (

Jg2)

Upp

er u

nit a

nd (J

g1)

Low

er u

nit :

Lim

esto

ne w

ith s

haly

and

gyp

sife

rous

uni

ts.

Adi

grat

For

mat

ion

: Tria

ssic

-Mid

dle

Jura

ssic

san

dsto

ne.

Ham

anle

i For

mat

ion

: Oxf

ordi

an li

mes

tone

and

sha

le.

Aba

y Fo

rmat

ion

: Mid

dle-

Jura

ssic

lim

esto

ne,s

hale

and

gyp

sum

.

Agu

la F

orm

atio

n :K

imm

erid

gian

sha

le,m

arl a

nd li

mes

tone

.

a) U

rand

ab F

orm

atio

n (J

u) :

Oxf

ordi

an-K

mm

erdg

ian

mar

l and

sha

ly li

mes

tone

b) A

ntal

o Fo

rmat

ion

(Jt)

: Lim

esto

ne.

EAR

LY -

LATE

JU

RA

SSIC

Jg Ju

Jg1

Km

Kg2

Kg1 Jg

2

Jag

Ja

Jt

Jb Jh

EOC

ENE

P2a

Pk Pt Pa Kf

Ka

CR

ETA

CEO

US

Pj Kb

Kor

ahe

Form

atio

n (M

ain

Gyp

sum

For

mat

ion)

: (N

eoco

mia

n/B

arre

mia

n)U

pper

Kor

ahe

(Kg2

) gyp

sum

, sha

le, d

olom

ite a

nd a

nhyd

rite

inte

rcal

atio

nLo

wer

Kor

ahe

(Kg1

) sha

le a

nd li

mes

tone

with

bas

al s

ands

tone

.

Mus

tahi

l For

mat

ion:

Apt

ian-

Alb

ian

limes

tone

,mar

l and

san

dsto

ne.

Kar

kar F

orm

aytio

n : M

iddl

e-la

te E

ocen

e lim

esto

ne w

ithm

arly

inte

rcal

atio

ns.

Tale

h Fo

rmat

ion:

Erly

-Mid

dle

Eoc

ene:

Anh

ydrit

e,gy

psum

,do

lom

ite a

nd c

lay

Aur

adu

Form

atio

n:La

te P

aleo

cene

-Ear

ly E

ocen

e lim

esto

ne.

Jess

oma

Form

atio

n:La

te C

reta

ceou

s-P

aleo

cene

san

dsto

ne.

Am

ba A

rado

m F

orm

atio

n:S

ands

tone

,co

nglo

mer

ate

and

shal

e.

Bel

et U

en F

orm

atio

n:La

te C

reta

ceou

s (C

enom

ania

n -T

uron

ian)

limes

tone

with

som

e sa

ndst

one

and

shal

e.

LATE

JU

RA

SSIC

Ash

angi

For

mat

ion:

Dee

ply

wea

ther

ed a

lkal

ine

and

trasi

tiona

l bas

alt

flow

s w

ith ra

re in

terc

alat

ions

of t

uff,o

ften

tilte

d (in

clud

es A

kobo

Bas

alts

of S

W E

thio

pia)

.

Ferfe

r For

mat

ion:

Alb

abia

n-C

enom

ania

n sh

ale,

dolo

mite

and

anh

ydrit

e.

Jim

ma

Vol

cani

cs (U

pper

par

t) : R

hyol

ite a

nd tr

achy

te fl

ows

and

tuff

with

min

or b

asal

tJi

mm

a V

olca

nics

(Low

er p

art)

: Flo

od b

asal

t with

min

or s

alic

flow

s.

LATE

EO

CEN

E - L

ATE

OLI

GO

CEN

EPj

rPj

b

Tona

lite

Dio

rite

Gab

bro

tn dt gb

Late

Pro

tero

zoic

Ultr

amaf

ic R

ocks

: S

erpe

ntin

ite, p

erid

otite

duni

te a

nd ta

lc s

chis

ts.

Syn

- te

cton

ic g

rani

te.

Pre

- te

cton

ic a

nd s

yn -

tect

onic

gra

nite

.

Gra

nodi

orite

and

tona

lite.

Gra

nodi

orite

.

gt2

gt1

gd /

tn

gd

Syn

clin

e : u

prig

ht,o

vertu

rned

Cal

dera

Fiel

d of

sm

all b

asal

tic v

ents

Bas

ic d

ykes

and

sill

s

Maj

or p

lugs

or g

roup

of s

mal

l plu

gs

Ant

iclin

e : u

prig

ht,o

vertu

rned

Syn

form

Ant

iform

Shi

eld

volc

ano

of th

e E

thio

pian

Pla

teau

.

Geo

logi

cal c

onta

ct :

obse

rved

,infe

rred

.

Faul

ts :

obse

rved

,infe

rred

.

Faul

t bar

b on

dow

nthr

own

side

.

Oth

er m

ajor

vol

cani

c ed

ifice

s

OTH

ER S

YMB

OLS

0

0

NrsNb

Mur

si a

nd B

ofa

Bas

alts

: A

lkal

ine

basa

lt

PLIO

CEN

E - P

LEIS

TOC

ENE

MIO

CEN

E - P

LIO

CEN

E

NO

tb

NQ

Ncb Nc

Ndb

Tulu

Wol

el T

rach

yte

with

sub

ordi

nate

bas

alt.

LATE

MIO

CEN

E

MID

DLE

- M

IOC

ENE

Nn Na

Ntt

40

LEG

END

GE

OL

OG

ICA

L M

AP

O

F

ET

HIO

PIA

4080

km

s.

80 m

iles

MID

DLE

- LA

TE O

LIG

OC

ENE

Ala

ge F

orm

atio

n : T

rans

ition

al a

nd s

ubal

kalin

e ba

salts

with

min

orrh

yolit

e an

d tra

chyt

e er

uptiv

es.

Ars

i and

Bal

e B

asal

ts:F

lood

bas

alts

ofte

n co

nnec

ted

tovo

lcan

ic e

dific

es,s

ilisi

c ne

ar th

e up

per p

art.

Mak

onne

n B

asal

ts:F

lood

bas

alts

,com

mon

ly d

irect

ly o

verla

ying

the

chry

stal

line

base

men

t.

Aib

a B

asal

ts:F

lood

bas

alts

with

rare

bas

ic tu

ff.

PNa

PNm

b

PNab

P3a

OLI

GO

CEN

E - M

IOC

ENE

Tarm

aber

Meg

ezez

For

mat

ion

: Tra

nsiti

onal

and

alk

alin

e ba

salt.

Mab

la a

nd A

rba

Gur

acha

For

mat

ion

: Rhy

oliti

c do

mes

,flow

s an

dpy

rocl

astic

rock

s of

dom

inan

tly p

eral

kalin

e co

mpo

sitio

n w

ithsu

bord

inat

e tra

chyt

e an

d ba

salt

flow

s in

ters

tratif

ied

at b

ase.

Telte

le a

nd S

urm

a B

asal

t : F

lood

bas

alts

.

Adw

a Fo

rmat

ion

: Tra

chyt

e an

d ph

onol

ite p

lug.

Ntb

Nm

r

Nts

Nad

Naz

ret S

erie

s : I

gnim

brite

s,un

wel

ded

tuffs

,ash

flow

s,rh

yolit

ic fl

ows,

dom

es a

nd tr

achy

te.

Afa

r Ser

ies

: Alk

alin

e ba

salt

with

sub

ordi

nate

alk

alin

e an

dpe

ralk

alin

e si

licic

s (r

hyol

itic

dom

e an

d flo

ws

and

igni

mbr

ites)

Dal

aha

Form

atio

n : F

issu

ral b

asal

ts a

nd h

awai

ites

with

som

ein

terc

alat

ed d

etrit

al a

nd la

cust

rine

sedi

men

ts, w

ith rh

yolit

icflo

ws

and

igni

mbr

ites

in th

e up

per p

art.

Und

ivid

ed L

acus

trine

and

Flu

vial

Sed

imen

ts :

San

d, s

ilt g

rave

lco

nglo

mer

ate(

Om

o G

roup

and

Had

ar F

orm

atio

n) .

Chi

lalo

For

mat

ion(

Upp

er p

art)

: Alk

alin

e ba

salt

Chi

lalo

For

mat

ion(

Low

er p

art)

: Tra

chyt

e,tra

chy-

bas

alt,

pera

lkal

ine

rhyo

lite

with

sub

ordi

nate

aka

line.

bas

alt.

Dan

akil

Gro

up (R

ed S

ea S

erie

s) :

Con

glom

erat

e, s

ands

tone

,si

ltsto

ne w

ith in

terc

alat

ed b

asal

t flo

ws

and

lacu

strin

ese

dim

ents

of t

he C

horo

ra F

orm

atio

n

Tarm

aber

Gus

sa F

orm

atio

n : A

lkal

ine

to tr

ansi

tiona

l bas

alts

ofte

n fo

rmin

g sh

ield

vol

cano

es w

ith m

inor

trac

hyte

and

pho

nolit

e flo

ws

PNtb

Bis

hoftu

For

mat

ion

: Alk

alin

e ba

salt

and

trach

yte.

Pzt

gt4

Late

to p

ost -

tect

onic

gra

nite

.

Alk

ali g

rani

te a

nd s

yeni

te.

Pos

t - te

cton

ic g

rani

te a

nd s

yeni

te.

AR

l

AR

k

gt5

gt3

PR2t

PR2d

Upp

er P

rote

rozo

ic :

Und

iffer

entia

ted.

Did

ikam

a Fo

rmat

ion

: Sla

te a

nd d

olom

ite.

LATE

PA

LEO

ZOIC

- TR

IASS

IC

LATE

PR

OTE

RO

ZOIC

PR2

PR2s

PR2a

Ado

la G

roup

: A

mph

ibol

ite,q

uartz

ite a

nd g

raph

itic

phyl

lite.

Kaj

imiti

Bed

s : M

etac

ongl

omer

ate

and

met

asan

dsto

ne.

PR2l

PR2t

d

PR2b

PR2k

AR

bB

aro

Gro

up :

Bio

tite,

horn

blen

de -

biot

ite,g

arne

t - a

mph

ibol

e,ga

rnet

- si

llim

arite

,cal

c - s

ilica

te a

nd m

usco

vite

gne

isse

s.

Yav

ello

Gro

up :

Qua

rtzo

- fel

dspa

thic

gne

iss

and

gran

ulite

.

EAR

LY P

RO

TER

OZO

IC

AR

CH

EAN

PR1r

PR1w

AR

y

Tem

bien

Gro

up :

Chl

orite

, ser

icite

and

gra

phite

phy

llite

s,lim

esto

ne, s

late

and

dol

omite

.

Shi

raro

For

mat

ion

: San

dsto

ne a

nd c

ongl

omer

ate.

Alg

he G

roup

: B

iotit

e an

d ho

rnbl

ende

gne

isse

s,gr

anul

ite a

ndm

igm

atite

with

min

or m

etas

edim

enta

ry g

neis

ses.

Kon

so G

roup

: H

ornb

lend

e, p

yrox

ene,

garn

et -

pyro

xene

gne

isse

san

d am

phib

olite

with

min

or m

etas

edim

enta

ry g

neis

s.

PREC

AM

BR

IAN

AN

D P

HA

NER

OZO

IC IN

TRU

SIVE

RO

CK

S

Aw

ata

Gro

up :

Bio

tite,

hor

nble

nde,

silli

man

ite -

garn

et,c

alc

- sill

icat

e a

nd q

uartz

o - f

elds

path

ic g

neis

ses,

mar

ble

and

gran

ulite

.

Mor

mor

a G

roup

: B

iotit

e sc

hist

,gne

iss,

mar

ble

and

grap

hitic

sch

ist.

Wad

era

Gro

up :

Met

asan

dsto

ne,q

uartz

ite,b

iotit

e an

d m

usco

vite

sch

ists

.

AR

a

Tsal

iet G

roup

: M

etaa

ndes

ite, m

etad

acite

,met

arhy

olite

.chl

orite

,se

ricite

and

gra

phite

phy

llite

s,gr

een

schi

st,li

mes

tone

and

qua

rtzite

.

Tulu

Dim

tu G

roup

: M

etab

asal

t,met

aand

esite

,gre

en s

chis

t,phy

llite

,m

etac

ongl

omer

ate,

quar

tzite

and

mar

ble.

Birb

ir G

roup

: M

etab

asal

t,met

aand

esite

,met

arhy

olit,

phyl

lite,

grap

hitic

schi

st,m

arbl

e,qu

artz

ite,m

etac

ongl

omer

ate,

gree

nsc

hist

,met

asan

dsto

ne,m

etac

hert

and

amph

ibol

ite.

Ent

icho

San

dsto

ne, E

daga

Arb

i Gla

cial

s,G

ura

and

Gilo

For

mat

ions

:S

ands

tone

, sha

le, c

ongl

omer

ate

and

tillit

e.

T

I

I

UBJD

O

6°

36°

10° 8°

4°

34°

38°

12°

14°

16°

40°

34°

38°

36°

16°

44°

40°

42°

46°

46°

6° 4°

42°

46°

46°

16°

14°

12°

10°

44°

11

S U D A N

UG

AN

DA

12

17

1

UD

AN

S

9

10

ER

IT

34

5

81

14

1819

115

16

1

AN

K

5.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of M

ekel

e S

heet

(ND

37-

11),

1:25

0,00

0.G

eolo

gy c

ompi

latio

n

by Y

.Ark

in e

t.al.

(196

8-19

71),E

IGS

.

7.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of C

entra

l and

Sou

ther

n A

far (

Eth

iopi

a an

d D

jibou

ti) ,1

:500

,000

C

NR

-CN

RS

(197

5).

4.G

olog

ical

Map

of A

diar

kay

She

et (N

D 3

7 -1

0) 1

:250

,000

.Pre

limin

ary

com

pila

tion

by

Tse

gaye

Hai

lu (1

975)

,EIG

S.

EY21

3.G

olog

ical

Map

of A

dira

met

se S

heet

(ND

37

-9) 1

:250

,000

.Geo

logy

com

pila

tion

by

Abe

ra A

gum

a an

d G

irma

Keb

ede

(197

4-19

76).E

IGS

.

9.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of A

bu R

amla

She

et (N

C 3

6 -4

NC

36-

8),1

:250

,000

.Com

pile

d by

A

lem

ayeh

u G

udey

a (1

989)

. Unp

ublis

hed.

EIG

S.

1.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of E

thio

pia,

1:2,

000,

000.

Com

pile

d by

V.K

azm

in (U

N) 1

972,

MM

E.

2.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of A

digr

at S

heet

(ND

37

-7),1

:250

,000

.Com

pila

tion

by C

.R.G

arla

nd

(197

2). R

ecom

pila

tion

with

ER

TS d

ata

by V

. Kaz

min

(197

6) E

IGS

.

RE

A

R E DS E A

6 7

6.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of t

he D

anak

il D

epre

ssio

n (N

orth

ern

Afa

r,Eth

iopi

a) 1

:50,

000

CN

R-C

NR

S

(197

3).

8.G

eolo

gica

l MA

p of

Eth

iopi

a an

d S

omal

ia 1

:2,0

00,0

00 b

y M

eria

Gtm

,Aba

te E

.,Con

ti P

.,

Seg

ari M

.,Tac

coni

P. (

1973

).

12.(a

) Geo

logi

cal M

ap o

f Gor

e S

heet

(NC

36

-16)

,1:2

50,0

00.C

ompi

latio

n

by

Men

gesh

a Te

fera

and

Sei

fe M

.Ber

he .E

IGS

.

(b)

Geo

ogy

of th

e G

ore

Gam

bela

Geo

trave

rse

Are

a,W

este

rn E

thio

pia

1:1

00,0

00

Com

pile

d by

J.M

.Moo

re, T

ekle

wol

d A

yale

w a

nd J

.M.

11.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of G

imbi

She

et (N

C 3

6-12

) 1:2

50,0

00.P

relim

inar

y dr

aft c

ompi

latio

n

by

Am

enti

Abr

aham

(198

4) U

npub

lishe

d .E

IGS

.

19.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of N

gele

She

et (N

b 37

-2)1

:250

,000

.Pril

imna

ry c

omila

tion

by

T

ilahu

n B

alch

a (1

983)

.Pub

lishe

d,E

IGS

.

20.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of t

he O

gade

n an

d su

rrou

ndin

g ar

ea 1

:1,0

00,0

00.C

ompi

led

BE

ICIP

(

1985

)

18.G

eolo

ogic

al M

ap o

f Age

re M

aria

m S

heet

(NB

37-

11) 1

250

,000

.Com

pile

d by

Wol

dege

brie

l Gen

zebu

,Nas

sir H

asse

n an

d Te

sfay

e Y

eman

e ,(1

990)

.Pub

lishe

d,E

IGS

.

17.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of t

he 0

mo

Riv

er A

rea

1:50

0,00

0.G

eolo

gica

l com

pila

tion

by

A

.Dav

idso

n (1

985)

.

16.G

olog

ical

Map

of G

oba

She

et (N

B 3

7 -7

) 1:2

50,0

00.P

relim

inar

y co

mpi

latio

n by

Bel

ay D

esta

(198

5).U

npub

lishe

d,E

IGS

.

15.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of t

he E

thip

ian

Rift

1:5

00,0

00.C

ompi

led

by V

.Kaz

min

and

Sei

fe M

.Ber

he (!

981)

,Unp

ublis

hed

EIG

S.

14.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of N

azre

t She

et (N

C 3

7-15

) 1:2

50,0

00.C

ompi

led

by S

eife

M.B

erhe

a

nd V

.Kaz

min

,UN

sup

ervi

sing

geo

logi

st (1

978)

,EIG

S.

10.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of K

urm

uk A

ssos

sa S

heet

(NC

36

-7 &

NC

36-

8),1

:250

,000

.Com

pile

d

by

Men

gesh

a Te

fera

(199

0). U

npub

lishe

d.E

IGS

.

21.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of S

olol

o (N

a 37

-2) a

nd M

oyal

e (N

A 3

7-3)

She

ets

1:50

0,00

0. P

rilim

inar

y

com

pila

tion

by G

.Sab

olov

isky

,Geo

logy

by

Rer

gion

al G

eolo

gy D

epar

tmen

t and

Bul

bul

H

ager

e M

aria

m P

roje

ct (1

990)

,EIG

S.

13.G

eolo

gica

l Map

of D

ire D

awa

She

et (N

C 3

7-12

) 1:2

50,0

00. C

ompi

latio

n by

Sei

fe M

.Ber

he

(19

78),E

IGS

.

OS

M

AL

IA

13

1

IBDJ

OUTIG

ULF

OF

EDEN

M

SO

A

LI

A

20