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GIS for Community Development. What does GIS stand for?. G eographic I nformation S ystems often defined as a computerized database management system for capture, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data. - www.cml.upenn.edu/what_is_gis.htm - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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GIS FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
WHAT DOES GIS STAND FOR?
Hardware and Software
Data
Mapping Standards
GIS Savvy Users
GIS
Geographic Information Systems often defined as a computerized database management system for
capture, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data. - www.cml.upenn.edu/what_is_gis.htm
Sometimes referred to as method of digital mapping that links data to it’s physical location.
HOW GIS WORKSGIS breaks anything that has a
geographic location into:
Vector Data: Points - GPS points, address points,
tree locations, etc. Lines – rivers, railroads, streets,
corridors, etc. Polygons – political boundaries, lakes,
building footprints, etc.
Image ource: www.esri.com 2013
HOW GIS WORKS
Features are stored as layers and are layered on top of the first one to show spatial patterns and relationships
Image source: www.esri.com 2013
GIS is in reality nothing more than a large database with a geographic component.
The power behind GIS is in the attributes attached to the features...allows for more complex analysis based on more than just geographic location.
WHY USE GIS?Layer the different datasets to do geographic analysis (analysis based on
geographic location)
Map Where Things Are – parks, sidewalks, groceries, bus stops
Map Quantities - population
Map Densities – population density (how many people per square mile)
Find What’s Inside – How many people (groceries, parks, trails) inside a neighborhood (town, county, study area).
Find What’s Nearby – How many bus stops (green spaces, crimes) are located or were reported within a 10 minute walking distance of a neighborhood (school, store, university)
Map Change – urban sprawl, zoning changes
source: www.esri.com 2013
WHY USE GIS FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT?• To show relationships among several factors or issues within a community.
• To show you where to concentrate your efforts.
• To better understand the community you are working in by providing a picture of the area’s assets or weaknesses.
• Because it’s fast: GIS is the quickest and most efficient method of creating maps and graphics that provide a picture of not only the geographic, but of the social, demographic, environmental, political, and other aspects of an area as well.
• GIS maps make powerful presentation tools.
• GIS maps can help influence policy.
Source: KU Work Group for Community Health and Development. (2014). Chapter 3, Section 10: Conducting Concerns Surveys. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas. Retrieved January 2, 2014, from the Community Tool Box: http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/assessment/assessing-community-ne...
WHO USES GIS?• Government Agencies (from small municipalities to federal government)
• Health and Human Services Agencies
• Community Involvement Groups (i.e.., watch dog groups, activists, advocates)
• Environmental Agencies
• Researchers and Educators
• Policy Makers and Community Developers
• Corporations and Firms
Source: KU Work Group for Community Health and Development. (2014). Chapter 3, Section 10: Conducting Concerns Surveys. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas. Retrieved January 2, 2014, from the Community Tool Box: http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/assessment/assessing-community-ne...
DATA
What makes data “spatial”?
Must have a geographic component Address Lat/Long coordinates Tied to a location such as a state, city, region, service area, census block.
When should you create and share maps of your data?
Only if it enhances the data and makes it easier for users to understand and comprehend!! A picture is worth a thousand words!
YOUR DATA• GPS
• Georeferencing - a historic map or image
• Geocoding addresses
• Heads-up-digitizing
• Analysis tools with GIS software
• Mobile mapping – cellphones, tablets
• Upload from a database (Excel, Access, etc.)
• Stream from Twitter or other social media
ONLINE DATA AND MAPPING:• Local County GIS offices
• IndianaMap (or other state clearinghouse)
• Census.gov (google “American Factfinder”)
• Indiana Spatial Data Portal
• SAVI (IUPUI Polis Center)
• Census.gov
• The National Map
• National Historic GIS – historic census data in a GIS format.
• HUD.gov
• NOAA
• Community Commons
• Center for Disease Control (CDC)
GIS SOFTWARE AND ONLINE MAPPING APPS
ESRI ARCGIS DESKTOP
Free Version:ArcGIS Explorer Desktop:http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/explorer-desktop
LOCAL COUNTY GIS WEBSITES
http://beacon.schneidercorp.com/Default.aspx
INDIANAMAP
http://www.indianamap.org/
STATS INDIANA
http://www.stats.indiana.edu/maptools/interactive.asp
COMMUNITY COMMONS
http://www.communitycommons.org/maps-data/
GOOGLE MAPSCreate and share maps in a matter of minutes by uploading your own database with records tied to a location (address, lat/long).
http://maps.google.com
ARCGIS ONLINE
ArcGIS.com - http://www.arcgis.com/home/gallery.htmlImage source: www.esri.com 2013
Upload your own data, or create it in ArcGIS Online, user data created and shared by others, create map applications and share and/or embed on your own webpage.
Thousands of user created datasets to choose from.
Free and subscription versions available.
QUESTIONS?
Contact:Angela GibsonGIS Specialist
Ball State University Libraries GIS Research and Map Collection
asgibson2@bsu.edu285-1097
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