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Golden Gate BridgePresented by: Roberta AquinoHoang Nguyen
Niels RasmussenDaniel Serrao
Describe the bridge History Vision Permit & Financial problems Construction Scope, Time, & Cost Facts today
Objective
Suspension bridge from San Francisco to Marin County
Golden Gate Strait Longest span in 1937, now 9th worldwide Total length is 1.7 miles or 8,981 feet Width of 900 feet 220 feet clearance above high water
Description
Ferry system was the only way until 1900’s Demand for transportation due to increase in
population James Wilkins revived the idea in 1916 The bridge cannot be built according to
engineers Estimated cost $100 million
History
Joseph Strauss Ohio-born structural engineer Designed nearly 400 spanning bridges Feasible to build Chief Engineer Estimated cost of only $20-30 million Quote: “A great city with water barriers and no
bridges is like a skyscraper with no elevators. Bridges are a monument to progress.”
Vision
Preliminary sketches with cost estimate of $27 million in 1921
Golden Gate Bridge Highway District Act passed in 1923
Secretary of War approved transfer of land in 1924
Final permit issued in 1930
Permit to Build
Voters put their homes, farms, & business properties up for collateral
Support $35 million bond
$23,843,905 awarded for the construction in 1932
Financial
Commenced in 1933 11 died during construction 19 saved by the bridge’s safety net Expected 35 to die – 1 life per $1 million Completed after 4 years
Construction
Scope: To build a bridge connecting San Francisco & Marin County
Time: Although no set time, considered ahead of schedule
Cost: $1.3 million under budget Bonds were retired in 1971, $35 million in
principal & $39 million in interest Paid entirely from tolls
Scope, Time, & Cost
Cash tolls to cross is $6 for a 2-axle car
Over 40 million vehicles cross every year
1994: Seven Wonders of the Modern World by American Society of Civil Engineers
The most photographed bridge in the world
Facts Today
Zuehike, Jeffrey (2010). The Golden Gate Bridge. Minneapolis, Minnesota. Lerner Publications Company.
MacDonald, Donald, & Nadel, Ira (2008). Golden Gate Bridge: History and Design of an Icon. San Francisco, California. Chronicle Books LLC.
Malloy, B. (2001). Golden Gate Bridge Facts. Retrieved August 2, 2012, from http://gocalifornia.about.com/cs/sanfrancisco/a/ggbridge_3.htm
Elliot, Kathleen (2001). Golden Gate Bridge Changes Engineer’s Reasoning: Construction Bridged a Frontier in History. Retrieved August 3, 2012, from http://www.californiahistorian.com/articles/golden-gate-bridge.html
Highway & Transportaion District (July 1, 2011). Auto and Multi-Axle Toll Rates. Retrieved August 3, 2012, from http://goldengatebridge.org/tolls_traffic/toll_rates_carpools.php
Wikipedia (July 31, 2012). Golden Gate Bridge. Retrieved August 3, 2012, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge
References
Questions
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