Građevinski pojmovi 5

Mali podsetnik

Objekat - Structure

Infrastruktura – Infrastructure

Roads, railways, water supply, sewerage, power supply systems

Putevi, železnice, vodovodna, kanalizaciona (ViK) i elektroenergetska mreža

Roads

Javni putevi – Public roads

Javni putevi su dobra u opštoj upotrebi. Public roads are assets for general use. Autoput – motorway (Br), highway (Am)

Putevi sa naplatom putarine – Toll roads

Putevi bez naplate putarine - Freeways

Naplatna stanica / rampa - Toll plaza / gate

Kategorizacija puteva - Classification of roads

Državni put I i II reda – National road, Class I, Class II

Opštinski put – Municipal road

Ulice - Streets

Magistralni put (magistrala) - Trunk road, arterial road, main road, major highway, arterial highway

Regionalni put – Regional road

Lokalni put – Local road

Vrste puteva - Types of roads

Kružni put - Ring road

Obilaznica – Bypass road

Sabirna ulica ili put - Collector road, Distributor road

Zemljani put - Dirt road

Priključak, priključni put – Access road

Prilazna saobraćajnica (kao prilaz nekoj zgradi, hotelu, supermarketu...) - Service road, driveway

Service road – Paralelni put duž autoputa

Projektovanje - Design

Projekat puta - Road design

Trasiranje – Routing, route location

Situacija trase – Horizontal alignment

Nivelacija trase - Vertical alignment

Zemljišni pojas – Land strip, Right-of-way

Projektovanje - Design

Računska brzina – Design speed

Saobraćajno opterećenje – Traffic load

Obim saobraćaja - Traffic volume

Kolovozna traka, kolovoz – Carriageway

Saobraćajna traka – Traffic lane

Put sa dvostrukim kolovozom 2x2 - 2x2 road, dual carriageway road

Projektovanje - Design

Geometrijski elementi puta – Road geometry

Širina saobraćajnih traka - Lane width

Čisti otvor ili gabarit – Clearance

Tunelski otvor (svetli profil) - Clear profile

Uzdužni profil trase - Longitudinal profile

Poprečni profili - Cross sections

Projektovanje - DesignDeonica - Section

Prave deonice (pravci) – Tangent, straight sections

Krivine – Curves, curvatures

Minimalni poluprečnik – Minimum radius of curvature

Maksimalni, dozvoljeni, merodavni uspon – Ruling, limiting gradient

Niveleta puta – Reference level

Osa puta - Centre line

Poprečni nagib, pad kolovoza – Crossfall

Nagib u krivini, vitoperenje (žel. nadvišenje) – Superelevation

Podužni nagib, uspon ili pad – Gradient: up-gradient, down-gradient

Geodetsko snimanje – Land surveying

Snimanje terena – Land surveying

Geodete, geometri - Surveyors

Figuranti – Rodmen, chainmen...

Letva – Rod, staffPantljika – Tape, chainNivelir – LevelStativ – TripodTeodolit – TheodoliteTahimetar - Tachymeter

Metode snimanja - Surveying methods

- Poligonometrija - Traversing Poligon – TraversePoligona tačka - Traverse pointKontrolna tačka – Control pointPoligoni vlak – Traverse line

- Triangulacija – TriangulationOsnovica - Base line

Obeležavanje trase – Setting out

Trasa puta – Road alignment

Obeležavanje – Setting out

Iskolčavanje - Pegging out, staking out

Kočić - Stake, Peg

Putni objekti – Road structures

Mostovi – Bridges

Vijadukti – Viaducts

Propusti – CulvertsCevasti – Pipe culvertsPločasti – Slab culverts

Tuneli – TunnelsTunelska cev – Tunnel tube

Izgradnja, gradnja - Construction

Zemljani radovi - Earthworks

Raščišćavanje terena – Clearing of site

Ravnanje, planiranje zemljišta – Grading of ground

Grejderi - Graders

Nasip – Embankment

Usek – Cut, Cutting

Zasek - Side cut

Pozajmište – Borrow pit

Izgradnja, gradnja - Construction

Trup puta – Roadbed

Podtlo – Subsoil

Prirodno tlo – Natural ground

Vezni i noseći sloj – Road foundation

Posteljica – Subgrade

Planum - Formation level

Poboljšanje tla planuma (tampon) – Capping layer

Kolovozna konstrukcija – Pavement structure

Kolovoz – Pavement

Kolovozna konstrukcija - Pavement structure

Slojevi – Courses

Elastični, savitljivi kolovoz – Flexible pavement

Kruti kolovoz – Rigid pavement

Elastični, savitljivi kolovoz – Flexible pavement

1. Prirodni teren - Natural ground2. Posteljica – Subgrade3. Planum – Formation level4. Donji noseći sloj – Subbase

5. Gornji noseći sloj – Base course6. Kolovozni zastor – Surfacing7. Vezni sloj – Binder course8. Habajući sloj – Wearing course

Kruti kolovoz – Rigid pavement

1. Prirodni teren - Natural ground2. Posteljica – Subgrade3. Planum – Formation level

4. Podloga – Base course5. Struktura kolovoza – Pavement structure6. Betonski zastor – Concrete slab

Elementi puta

Elementi putaTrotoar – Sidewalk

Pešačka staza – Footway

Prelaz za pešake - Pedestrian crossing

Biciklistička staza - Cycle track, Bicycle path

Razdelni pojas – Central reserve, median

Bankina – Shoulder

Ivična traka – Verge, Border line

Vozna traka – Speed lane

Zaustavna traka – Emergency stopping lane

Traka za preticanje – Overtaking lane

Ivičnjaci – Kerbs, Curbs

Rigola - Gutter

Raskrsnice

Petlja (denivelisana raskrsnica) - Junction, Interchange, Multi-level junction, Grade-separated interchange, Interchange with grade separations

Raskrsnica u nivou – Level junction, At-grade intersection, Intersection

Signalizacija

Vertikalna saobraćajna signalizacija – Traffic signs

Horizontalna saobraćajna signalizacija – Road markings

Saobraćajni znaci - Traffic signs

Portal - Gantry

Smerokazni stubići - Direction posts

Mačje oči – Reflector studs

Isprekidana linija – Broken line

Puna linija – Continuous line

Bezbednost na putu – Road safety

Bezbednost saobraćaja – Traffic safety

Zaštitna barijera - Safety barrier

Vetrobran – Windbreak fence

Put kočenja - Braking distance

Dužina preglednosti, preglednost - Sight distance

Zaustavna dužina preglednosti - Stopping sight distance

Vidljivost – Visibility

Crna tačka – Black spot