How to Build a Digital-Physical System-Lab Assegid Kidané Fall 2012

How to Build a Digital-Physical System-Lab

Assegid KidanéFall 2012

Outline

Week 1- Introduction, overview, breadboard, safety, rules, Fritzing, LED demo

Week 2 - Basic electronics, components, ohms law, conventions, test equipment, Wire stripping and soldering

Week 3 - Arduino hardware and software Week 4 and on - Various functions and

combination setups

The Big Picture

Steps

Define problem and goals clearly Develop flowchart and algorithm Select main components Develop hardware and software Put it together and test Iterate until goals are met

Outline Electricity/Water analogy Electrical/Electronic circuit elements Basic formulae Reading and drawing schematics Using datasheets Microcontrollers, Arduino, Sensors, Actuators,

Media Software environments Experiential media integration

Goal

Basic electronics Use of Arduino environment Interactive environment design

Circuit Elements

Resisitors, Capacitors, Diodes, Transistors Integrated Circuits

Subgroup of ICs Microcontrollers (pic, Atmega etc.)

Microcontroller development boards Arduino

Breadboarding

Provides connectivity Allows reconfiguration

Connectivity Under the Hood

Breadboard in Kit

Wiring Pattern

Soldering

Make permanent connections on the PCB

Test Equipment

Multimeter Oscilloscope Signal Generator Power Supply Logic Analyzer Hand tools

Multimeter

Use to measure Voltage, Current and Resistance

Some measure frequency, capacitance, temperature and more

*** Caution*** Take extra care when measuring current Start with a selection higher than the highest

expected value

Oscilloscope

Provides detailed graphic representation of signals

Essential for signals with ac components Usefull for monitoring noise

Datasheets

Your crucial companion Consult the manufacturer's datasheet if unsure

of a device's specific behaviour Of special interest

Pinouts Absolute maximum ratings Typical application circuit

PCB Design

Eagle software

Eagle 6.02 Details

Easy to use Output files compatible with and accepted

by most PCB fabs IDE available for Windows, Mac and Linux Frequently updated library Freeware version available limited to 100 x

80 mm boards, 2 signal layers and 1 sheet

Fabrication!

General Architecture

Participatory Environment ( Installation, Performance)

Sensing Data Processing Actuation and Feedback

environment

sensing Computing

Feedback & Actuators

Sensors

Motion Position, Acceleration, Rotation

Pressure Light Sound Temperature Biometric sensors

Some Sensors

Data Processing

Desktop, Laptop Single Board Computer (SBC, Raspberry pi,

Beagleboard) Physical Computing Platform (Arduino,

Parallax, mbed) Develop using a microcontroller (Pic, Atmega,

8051)

Some Processors

Introduction to the Arduino Environment

Arduino Uno Arduino mini (Stamp) Arduino mini pro (5V, 3.3V, 8Mhz, 16Mhz) Arduino Mega Arduino Nano Arduino Lilypad ATmega Micro controllers Bootloader Installed Open Source IDE for Windows, OSx and Linux

Arduino Uno

14 Digital I/Os 6 Analog Inputs 6 PWM Outputs USB Connectivity and Programming USB bus or External Power 16MHz Clock and 32KB Flash Memory

Arduino Uno Cont’d

USB Port

External Power

Digital I/Os, PWM, Serial Port

Analog InputsPower and Reset

Arduino Mini Pro

Small footprint 16k Flash Program ROM 14 Digital and 6 Analog I/Os All UNO features except it needs external

hardware for programming

Arduino Nano

Most Versatile Arduino Arduino Mini(stamp) with built-in USB interface

and ICSP header All desirable features of Atmega 328 controller All analog inputs available in standard DIP

layout

Other Hardware

Include ArduinoBT ArduinoXBee Wee

Various Sheilds

Arduino Programming

Simple Fast No programming hardware needed*

Sample Code

Read a sensor Data = analogRead(pin)

Control analog devices(motor, light, etc) analogWrite(pin, strength)

Read a digital signal digitalRead(pin)

Output a digital signal digitalWrite(pin, HIGH)

Output & Actuation

Video displays, Projectors Speakers Lights Motors Haptic feedback devices

Actuators & Output Devices

Max/MSP

Allows sophisticated audio and video manipulation and feedback

Puredata for an OpenSource alternative with little graphics

Many objects exist to interface with almost anything. Either direct or from 3rd party developers.

Experiential Media System

Lab Class Kit

Arduino Uno LEDs (4) RGB LEDs (3) Stepper motor Stepper driver FSR Piezzo

CDS light sensor Mini breadboard USB cable Push button switch IR ranger IR ranger connector 10K potentiometer

AME Digital Culture Kit

Collect Checkout Forms and Regulation Sheet

Tool checkout form Electronic Kit checkout form Lab and equipment maintenance regulations

Safety Considerations

Avoid cobweb wiring Monitor current consumptionwhen using power

supplies Use solid wires on breadboards

LED Demo

Power from Arduino

Use push button switch to turn LED on

Resources

http://www.arduino.cc/ http://www.sparkfun.com/ http://www.digikey.com/ Books

Physical Computing, O'Sullivan and Igoe The Art of Electronics, Horowitz and Hill

Web and Contact Info

http://bdps-f12.wikispaces.asu.edu assegid@asu.edu 480 309 2686 (cell)

Questions??

Thank you