II FORM EXAM CHAPTERS 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8

II FORM EXAMCHAPTERS 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8

GIBBS

2008

QUESTION:

• After the Montagu-Chelmsford reforms - The British instituted a “dyarchy”. What parts of gov’t did the Brits get?

ANSWER:

• Education

• Agriculture

• Public health

QUESTION:

• Who was the British Viceroy – who oversaw the Indian Partition Plan?

ANSWER:

• Lord Louis Mountbatten

QUESTION:

• Who is most closely associated with the quote, “The self determination of all peoples”

ANSWER:

• US President – Woodrow Wilson.

• 14 points speech

QUESTION:

• Who assasisnated Gandhi…and why?

ANSWER:

• N.V. Godse – he was a extremist Hindu who disagreed with Gandhi’s fair/easy treatment of Muslims

QUESTION:

• How did Gopal K Gokhale and Bal G Tilak disagree on the process of Indian Independence?

ANSWER:

• Tilak: terrorism and violence

• Gokhale: slow peaceful path to freedom

QUESTION:

• How did India hope to put an end to “Civil Unrest” after the gained independance

ANSWER:

• Preventative Detention Law

QUESTION:

What is the significance of the relationship between Gandhi and the Rowlatt Laws

ANSWER:

• Rowlatt Laws led to Amritsar Protest, led to Massacre at Amritsar and that led to Gandhi’s changing his views on British Support

QUESTION:

• Which is Which? Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha

• What do you think “Sabha” translates to?

ANSWER:

• Rajya Sabha – Upper House

• Lok Sabha is the Lower House

• Sabha probably means “house”

QUESTION:

• Which of the following positions would best be described as, “largely ceremonial”

• A.) Viceroy• B.) Prime Minister• C.) Panchayat• D.) Gram Sevak• E.) President• F.) Secretary of State• G.) Speaker of the Sabha

ANSWER:

• President

QUESTION:

• What is the difference between “ahimsa” and “satyagraha”

ANSWER:

• Satyagraha: mass resistance to through non-violence. Means “Soul Force”

• Ahimsa: nonviolence to all living things

QUESTION:

• How could the relationship between the US and India be described as “interdependant”?

ANSWER:

• A mutually beneficial exchange of goods/services – focusing on things people can’t produce themselves (or can’t produce enough of)

• INDIA: needed food and money (GBF), infrastructure

• US – needed the geographic location in WWII

QUESTION:

• Post WWII – who was the new British Prime minister who was sympathetic to the independence of India?

ANSWER:

• Clement Attlee

QUESTION:

• How could you describe the Muslim League’s reaction to the winning of Independence?

ANSWER:

• They were not overly excited to be integrated into a society where they were the religious minority. Maybe not have been such an issue – except for the fact that both Hinduism and Islam and more than a religion they are a “way of life”

QUESTION:

• What was the solution to the question of religious coexistence?

ANSWER:

• Not to co-exist

• The creation of E and W Pakistan.

• Created refugees, poverty, and other orange book stuff, etc.

• Violent migrations

QUESTION:

• Why was it hard for Kashmir to decide to join Hindu India or Muslim Pakistan?

ANSWER:

• Hindu ruler – Muslim majority

QUESTION:

• Why did the Indian government choose “neutrality” as a foreign policy?

ANSWER:

• TRICK QUESTION!!!!!!

• They chose “non-alignment”

QUESTION:

• What is the difference between being “neutral” and “non-aligned”

ANSWER:

• Neutral – never take sides

• Non-aligned – take sides based on case by case basis

QUESTION:

• What is the difference between Indian Socialism and a Chinese/Soviet system of Socialism.

ANSWER:

• Big: Government

• Small/Medium: Private

• What designates “big”?: Those which require a lot of capital to run.

QUESTION:

• What is the “Cottage Industry”?

ANSWER:

• Industry in the home.

• It is the “sustenance farming” version of Industry.

• Families work from home but produce just enough to support their family.

QUESTION:

• What is noteworthy about “Goa”

ANSWER:

• Portuguese colony that they refused to withdraw from after Indian Independence.

• Was taken over by force thanks to the Indian military – much to the chagrin of the US and UN

• It was one of the first, and one of the last European colonies in India

QUESTION:

• What is a “plebiscite”?

ANSWER:

• A general vote by the people on a specific question…

• We saw it proposed by the government of Pakistan to try and settle the conflict in Kashmir

• Why was Pakistan so heck bent on having this vote? b/c the majority of Kashmir were Muslim

QUESTION:

• The majority of the national government offices were located in West Pakistan. Why were the people of East Pakistan so bothered with this?

ANSWER:

• The majority of the population of Pakistan were located in East Pakistan. A lot of the policies put forth by the gov’t were intended to benefit West Pakistan. Felt a lot like a “taxation without representation” type situation

QUESTION:

• Indians is to Indian National Congress and Muslims is to______________________

ANSWER:

• All Muslim League

QUESTION:

• Muslims is to All Muslim League as East Pakistanis is to ____________________

ANSWER:

• Awami League

QUESTION:

• How did the fighting in East Pakistan bring to life India’s policy of nonalignment?

ANSWER:

• After 9 months of brutal murder – the Indian’s intervened and helped the people of East Pakistan – helping these First Bengali Muslims gain their independence – forming Bangladesh

QUESTION:

• Without going onto worldbank.com – we can assume that East Pakistan had a population of at least_______________ at the time of their fight for independance

ANSWER:

• 21 million

• 1 million murdered

• 10 million refugees in East Pakistan

• 10 million refugees crossed the border into India

QUESTION:

• What kind of orange book effect does the creation of 10 million refugees hae on the economy?

ANSWER:

• Everything!!!

• GNP, GNP per capita, poverty, lack of jobs, low standard of living, lack of opportunity (jobs, health care, education)

• On and on