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Management InformationManagement Information Systemy
Presented ByPresented ByNilesh Gol (PM, CSSI)
l il h@ ilgolnilesh@gmail.com
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• Basic Book– James A O'Brien, Management Information system 7th edition Tata McGraw‐Hillsystem, 7th edition, Tata McGraw Hill
• References– Ralph Stair and George Reynolds, Principles of Information Systems, 10th edition, New Delhi: Pearson Education.
– James A. O'Brien and George Marakas, Management Information Systems, 9th Edition, New York: McGraw‐Hill
– Laudon and Laudon, Management Information systems, 10th edition, Pearson Education.systems, 10th edition, Pearson Education.
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• WebsitesWebsites– www.mhhe.com/obrien
h ll /l d– www.prenhall.com/laudon
• Websites for Nepalese Context– www nta gov np (MIS report)– www.nta.gov.np (MIS report)– www.moic.gov.np
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Framework of MISFramework of MIS
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Foundation of Information Systems in Business
• Information System In Businessy• The Components of Information System
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ManagementManagement• Management is the process of getting activities g p g gcompleted efficiently and effectively with and through other people.
• Management functions: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, g, g, g, p g,Budgeting, Controlling
• Management roles:Management roles:– Interpersonal roles: Leader– Informational roles:Monitor SpokespersonInformational roles:Monitor, Spokesperson– Decisional roles: Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, Resource allocator, Negotiator, g
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Data vs InformationData vs. Information
Data: raw factsInformation: collection of facts organized inInformation: collection of facts organized in such a way that they have value beyond the facts themselvesfacts themselves
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Table 1 1Table 1.1
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System conceptEnvironment
FeedbackSi l
FeedbackSignals
Control byManagement
ControlSignals
ControlSignals
SignalsSignals
ManufacturingInput of Output ofProcessRaw Materials Finished Products
System Boundary
Other Systems9
Fig 1 2Fig 1.2
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Management Information System (MIS):
Management level• Inputs: High volume data• Processing: Simple models• Outputs: Summary reports• Users: Middle managers
l A l b d iExample: Annual budgeting
Management Information System (MIS)
Management Information System (MIS)
• Structured and semi‐structured decisions
• Report control oriented• Report control oriented
• Past and present datap
• Internal orientation
IT and ISIT and IS
• What is Information Technology?– Any form of technology used by people to handle y gy y p pinformation.
• What are Information Systems?• What are Information Systems?– Integrated components processing, storing and di i i i f i i i idisseminating information in an organisation.
– Interdisciplinary study of systems that provide information to users in organisations.
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Pyle, I.C. & Illingworth, V. (Eds) (1996). Oxford Dictionary of Computing, 4th Edition. Oxford / New York: Oxford University Press
Experiences of IT and ISExperiences of IT and IS
l f• Examples of IT– Hardware (PC, UNIX server)– Software (e‐mail, Internet, Windows, Word)– Consumer devices (mobiles, train times)( , )
• Examples of ISFile systems databases e mail servers / clients– File systems, databases, e‐mail servers / clients
– e‐commerceSAP t d t d– SAP, student records
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Characteristics of Valuable InformationCharacteristics of Valuable Information
• Table 1.2
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Attributes of Information QualityAttributes of Information Quality
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Fig 1 3• Elements
of systemFig 1.3 of system and goals
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System classificationsSystem classifications
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System PerformanceSystem Performance
Efficiency: output/inputEffectiveness: extent to which system attainsEffectiveness: extent to which system attains its goalsP f d d ifi bj i fPerformance standard: specific objective of a system
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Fig 1 5Fig 1.5
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Fig 1 6Fig 1.6
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Fig 1 8Fig 1.8
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Components of an Information SystemComponents of an Information System
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Why is IS Important?Why is IS Important?
• For an organisation to survive and prosper– More locations (networking, Internet)( g, )– New products and servicesImprove jobs and work flows:– Improve jobs and work flows:
• EfficiencyC• Cost
• Ethical and social issues
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Information EconomyInformation Economy
60%
70%
% SERVICE
40%
50%% SERVICE
% WHITE COLLAR
% BLUE COLLAR
20%
30% % FARMING
0%
10%
YEAR
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YEAR
WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?
Business Processes
SupplyChain
EnterpriseManagement
CustomerManagement
KnowledgeManagementChain
ManagementManagement Management Management
FirmProfitability
andStrategicPosition
DataCollectionandStorage
TransformationIntoBusinessSystems
Dissemination
Planning Coordinating Controlling Modeling andDecision Making
Information Processing Activities
Business Value
Management Activities
Figure 1‐4
Major Roles of Information Systemsj y
Support of StrategicStrategicAdvantage
Support of Managerial
Decision Making
Support of Business Operationsp
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TOWARD THE DIGITAL FIRM
The Interdependence Between Organizations and Information Systems
Trends in Information Systems
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Types of Information Systemsyp y
Information Systems
Operations
Support
Management
Support
Systems Systems
Transaction
Processing
Process
Control
Enterprise
Collaboration
Management
Information
Decision
Support
Executive
Information
Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems
Other Categories of Information Systems
Expert Systems
Knowledge Management Systems
Functional Business Systems
Cross‐Functional Information Systems
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MIS OutputsMIS Outputs
Scheduled reportsDemand reportsDemand reportsException reports
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Management Challenges of the E‐Business Enterprise
•Business Strategies•Business ProcessesBusiness Processes•Business Needs•IS Human Resources
•IS Development
•Customer Relationships•Business Partners
fu n n
•Suppliers•Business Customers
•IT Infrastructure•IS Performance
Ethi l C nsid ti nsEthical ConsiderationsPotential Risks?Potential Laws? P ibl R ?
•Organization Structure•and Culture•User Acceptance
Possible Responses?p
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