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���

Appendix A. Individual Personality Patterns within Groups (cont.)

Contrast A ConditionGroup Individual Extraversion Openness Conscientiousness Pattern

1 150 135 139 H H H1 2 148 123 136 H M H

3 139 126 133 H H H1 151 127 136 H H H

2 2 142 130 127 H H H3 149 130 128 H H H1 142 123 145 H H H

3 2 147 142 125 H H H3 143 135 124 H H M1 142 152 120 H H M

4 2 145 122 149 H M H3 137 120 124 H M H1 135 132 150 H H H

5 2 153 125 121 H M M3 160 132 158 H H H1 152 142 132 H H H

6 2 146 123 129 H M H3 164 125 153 H M H1 138 131 141 H H H

7 2 154 129 163 H H H3 150 132 141 H H H1 148 121 135 H M H

8 2 130 134 127 H H H3 140 129 136 H H H1 169 142 135 H H H

9 2 161 150 150 H H H3 140 155 127 H H H1 138 151 138 H H H

10 2 167 166 142 H H H3 147 137 128 H H H1 149 120 121 H M H

11 2 147 140 138 H H H3 137 135 141 H H H1 156 129 144 H H H

12 2 130 134 137 M H H3 134 128 136 H H H1 144 141 120 H H M

13 2 141 122 129 H M H3 137 135 144 H H H

���

Appendix A. Individual Personality Patterns within Groups (cont.)

Contrast B ConditionGroup Individual Extraversion Openness Conscientiousness Pattern

1 137 107 126 H L H1 2 1123 115 134 M M H

3 130 100 128 M L H1 115 108 129 M L H

2 2 138 113 127 H M M3 108 99 135 M L H1 123 81 134 M L H

3 2 128 111 136 H M H3 131 93 123 H M M1 120 114 128 M M H

4 2 117 97 128 M L H3 127 103 133 H L H1 149 101 127 H L H

5 2 121 102 133 M L H3 123 98 130 M L H1 146 100 128 H L H

6 2 128 105 170 M L H3 95 86 118 L L M1 123 97 123 M L M

7 2 124 96 134 M L H3 105 99 129 L L H1 106 82 124 M L M

8 2 121 108 130 M L H3 129 100 129 M L H1 134 97 126 H L M

9 2 116 99 132 M L H3 107 115 146 L M H1 126 106 134 M L H

10 2 108 105 144 M L H3 115 93 127 M L H1 124 105 122 M L M

11 2 115 93 129 M L H3 122 115 139 M M H1 134 105 130 H L H

12 2 123 108 144 M L H3 130 106 123 M L M1 113 99 137 M L H

13 2 125 100 122 M L M3 124 105 134 M L H1 122 111 124 M M M

14 2 119 109 141 M L H3 134 104 122 M L M

���

Appendix A. Individual Personality Patterns within Groups (cont.)

Contrast C ConditionGroup Individual Extraversion Openness Conscientiousness Pattern

1 125 135 107 M H L1 2 137 156 100 H H L

3 126 129 73 M H L1 98 119 56 L M L

2 2 119 129 103 M H L3 133 131 109 M H M1 119 148 85 M H L

3 2 116 138 66 M H L3 125 131 97 M H L1 134 140 111 M H M

4 2 124 137 100 M H L3 116 128 98 M H L1 113 127 92 M H M

5 2 116 121 81 M H L3 130 137 91 M H L1 108 121 89 M H L

6 2 130 132 104 H H L3 114 134 97 M H L1 136 134 71 H H L

7 2 128 132 95 H H L3 122 132 102 M H L1 109 137 88 M H L

8 2 112 128 87 M H L3 114 132 102 M H L1 105 121 100 M M L

9 2 105 139 92 H H L3 134 128 74 M H L1 123 129 91 M H L

10 2 152 142 91 H H L3 115 129 108 M H L1 116 138 66 M H L

11 2 114 122 60 M M L3 109 137 88 M H L1 125 123 78 M M L

12 2 134 117 104 H M M3 125 144 113 M H M1 122 122 90 M M L

13 2 128 138 89 M H L3 148 155 79 H H L1 140 158 82 H H L

14 2 127 156 117 M H M3 106 130 91 M H L1 106 130 91 M H L

15 2 119 129 75 M H L3 127 125 98 M M L

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APPENDIX B:

NEO PERSONALITY INVENTORY

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NEO PERSONALITY INVENTORY

INSTRUCTIONS:Please read each of the following items carefully and fill in the answer that best

corresponds to your agreement or disagreement. There are no right or wrong answers,and you need not be an "expert" to complete this questionnaire. Describe yourselfhonestly and state your opinions as accurately as possible. Record your responses byfilling in the appropriate circle on the op-scan as follows:

1 = "Strongly Disagree (SD)", or the statement is definitely false.2 = "Disagree (D)", or the statement is mostly false.3 = "Neutral (N)", or the statement is equally true or false.4 = "Agree (A)", or the statement of mostly true.5 = "Strongly Agree (SA)", or the statement is definitely true.

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS QUESTIONNAIRE!

1. I am not a worrier.

2. I really like most people I meet.

3. I have a very active imagination.

4. I tend to be cynical and skeptical of others' intentions.

5. I'm known for my prudence and common sense.

6. I often get angry at the way people treat me.

7. I shy away from crowds and people.

8. Aesthetic and artistic concerns aren't very important to me.

9. I'm not crafty or sly.

10. I would rather keep my options open than plan everything in advance.

11. I rarely feel lonely or blue.

12. I am dominant, forceful, and assertive.

13. Without strong emotions, life would be uninteresting to me.

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14. Some people think I'm selfish or egotistical.

15. I try to perform all the tasks assigned to me conscientiously.

16. In dealing with other people, I always dread making a social blunder.

17. I have a leisurely style in work and play.

18. I'm pretty set in my ways.

19. I would rather cooperate with others than compete with them.

20. I am easy-going and lackadaisical.

21. I rarely overindulge in anything.

22. I often crave excitement.

23. I often enjoy playing with theories and abstract ideas.

24. I don't mind bragging about my talents and accomplishments.

25. I'm pretty good about pacing myself so as to get things done on time.

26. I often feel helpless and want someone else to solve my problems.

27. I have never literally jumped for joy.

28. I believe letting students hear controversial speakers can only confuse and mislead

them.

29. Political leaders need to be more aware of the human side of their policies.

30. Over the years I've done some pretty stupid things.

31. I am easily frightened.

32. I don't get much pleasure chatting with people.

33. I try to keep all my thoughts directed along realistic lines and avoid flights of fancy.

34. I believe that most people are well-intentioned.

35. I don't take civic duties like voting very seriously.

36. I'm an even tempered person.

37. I like to have a lot of people around me.

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38. I am sometimes completely absorbed in music I am listening to.

39. If necessary, I am willing to manipulate people to get what I want.

40. I keep my belongings neat and clean.

41. Some times I feel completely worthless.

42. I sometimes fail to assert myself as much as I should.

43. I rarely experience strong emotions.

44. I try to be courteous to everyone I meet.

45. Sometimes I am not as dependable or reliable as I should be.

46. I seldom feel self-conscious when I'm around people.

47. When I do things, I do them vigorously.

48. I think it's interesting to learn and develop new hobbies.

49. I can be sarcastic and cutting when I need to be.

50. I have a clear set of goals and work toward them in an orderly fashion.

51. I have trouble resisting my cravings.

52. I wouldn't enjoy vacationing in Las Vegas.

53. I find philosophical arguments boring.

54. I'd rather not talk about myself and my achievements.

55. I waste a lot of time before settling down to work.

56. I feel I am capable of coping with most of my problems.

57. I have sometimes experienced intense joy or ecstasy.

58. I believe that laws and social policies should change to reflect the needs of a

changing world.

59. I'm hard-headed and tough-minded in my attitudes.

60. I think things through before coming to a decision.

61. I rarely feel fearful or anxious.

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62. I'm known as a warm and friendly person.

63. I have an active fantasy life.

64. I believe that most people will take advantage of you if you let them.

65. I keep myself informed and usually make intelligent decisions.

66. I am known as hot-blooded and quick-tempered.

67. I usually prefer to do things alone.

68. Watching ballet or modern dance bores me.

69. I couldn't deceive anyone even if I wanted to.

70. I am not a very methodical person.

71. I am seldom sad or depressed.

72. I have often been the leader of groups I have belonged to.

73. How I feel about things is important to me.

74. Some people think of me as cold and calculating.

75. I pay my debts promptly and in full.

76. At times I have been so ashamed I want to hide.

77. My work is likely to be slow but steady.

78. Once I find the right way to do something, I stick with it.

79. I hesitate to express my anger even when it is justified.

80. When I start a self-improvement program, I usually let it slide after a few days.

81. I have little difficultly resisting temptation.

82. I have sometimes done things just for "kicks" or "thrills".

83. I enjoy solving problems or puzzles.

84. I'm better than most people, and I know it.

85. I am a productive person who always gets the job done.

86. When I'm under a great deal of stress, sometimes I feel like I'm going to pieces.

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87. I am not a cheerful optimist.

88. I believe we should look to our religious authorities for decisions on moral issues.

89. We can never do too much for the poor and elderly.

90. Occasionally I act first and think later.

91. I often feel tense and jittery.

92. Many people think of me as somewhat cold and distant.

93. I don't like to waste my time daydreaming.

94. I think most people I deal with are honest and trustworthy.

95. I often come into situations without being fully prepared.

96. I am not considered a touchy or temperamental person.

97. I really feel the need for other people if I am by myself for long.

98. I am intrigued by the patterns I find in art and nature.

99. Being perfectly honest is a bad way to do business.

100. I like to keep everything in its place so I know just where it is.

101. I have sometimes experienced a deep sense of guilt or sinfulness.

102. In meetings, I usually let others do the talking.

103. I seldom pay much attention to my feelings of the moment.

104. I generally try to be thoughtful and considerate.

105. Sometimes I cheat when I play solitaire.

106. It doesn't embarrass me too much if people ridicule and tease me.

107. I often feel as if I'm bursting with energy.

108. I often try new and foreign foods.

109. If I don't like people, I let them know it.

110. I work hard to accomplish my goals.

111. When I am having my favorite foods, I tend to eat too much.

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112. I tend to avoid movies that are shocking or scary

113. I sometimes lose interest when people talk about very abstract, theoretical matters.

114. I try to be humble.

115. I have trouble making myself do what I should.

116. I keep a cool head in emergencies.

117. Sometimes I bubble with happiness.

118. I believe that the different ideas of right and wrong that people in other societies

have may be valid for them.

119. I have no sympathy for panhandlers.

120. I always consider the consequences before I take action.

121. I'm seldom apprehensive about the future.

122. I really enjoy talking to people.

123. I enjoy concentrating on a fantasy or daydream and exploring all its possibilities,

letting it grow and develop.

124. I'm suspicious when someone does something nice for me.

125. I pride myself on my sound judgment.

126. I often get disgusted with people I have to deal with.

127. I prefer jobs that let me work alone without being bothered by other people.

128. Poetry has little or no effect on me.

129. I would hate to be thought of as a hypocrite.

130. I never seem to be able to get organized.

131. I tend to blame myself when anything goes wrong.

132. Other people often look to me to make decisions.

133. I experience a wide range of emotions or feelings.

134. I'm not known for my generosity.

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135. When I make a commitment, I can always be counted on to follow through.

136. I often feel inferior to others.

137. I'm not as quick and lively as other people.

138. I prefer to spend my time in familiar surroundings.

139. When I've been insulted, I try to forgive and forget.

140. I don't feel like I'm driven to get ahead.

141. I seldom give in to my impulses.

142. I like to be where the action is.

143. I enjoy working on "mind-twister"-type puzzles.

144. I have a very high opinion of myself.

145. Once I start a project, I almost always finish it.

146. It's often hard for me to make up my mind.

147. I don't consider myself especially "light-hearted".

148. I believe that loyalty to one's ideals and principles is more important than "open-

mindedness."

149. Human needs should always take priority over economic considerations.

150. I often do things on the spur of the moment.

151. I often worry about things that might go wrong.

152. I find it easy to smile and be outgoing with strangers.

153. If I feel my mind starting to drift off into daydreams, I usually get busy and start

concentrating on some work or activity instead.

154. My first reaction is to trust people.

155. I don't seem to be completely successful at anything.

156. It takes a lot to get me mad.

157. I'd rather vacation at a popular beach than an isolated cabin in the woods.

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158. Certain kinds of music have an endless fascination for me.

159. Sometimes I trick people into doing what I want.

160. I tend to be somewhat fastidious or exacting.

161. I have a low opinion of myself.

162. I would rather go my own way than be a leader of others.

163. I seldom notice the moods or feelings that different environments produce.

164. Most people I know like me.

165. I adhere strictly to my ethical principles.

166. I feel comfortable in the presence of my bosses or other authorities.

167. I usually seem to be in a hurry.

168. Sometimes I make changes around the house just to try something different.

169. If someone starts a fight, I'm ready to fight back.

170. I strive to achieve all I can.

171. I sometimes eat myself sick.

172. I love the excitement of roller coasters.

173. I have little interest in speculating on the nature of the universe or the human

condition.

174. I feel that I am no better than others, no matter what their condition.

175. When a project gets too difficult, I'm inclined to start a new one.

176. I can handle myself pretty well in a crisis.

177. I am a cheerful, high-spirited person.

178. I consider myself broad-minded and tolerant of other people's lifestyles.

179. I believe all human beings are worthy of respect.

180. I rarely make hasty decisions.

181. I have fewer fears than most people.

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182. I have strong emotional attachments to my friends.

183. As a child I rarely enjoyed games of make believe.

184. I tend to assume the best about people.

185. I'm a very competent person.

186. At times I have felt bitter and resentful.

187. Social gatherings are usually boring to me.

188. Sometimes when I am reading poetry or looking at a work of art, I feel a chill or

wave of excitement.

189. At times I bully or flatter people into doing what I want them to do.

190. I'm not compulsive about cleaning.

191. Sometimes things look pretty bleak and hopeless to me.

192. In conversations, I tend to do most of the talking.

193. I find it easy to empathize - to feel myself what others are feeling.

194. I think of myself as a charitable person.

195. I try to do jobs carefully, so they wont have to be done again.

196. If I have said or done the wrong thing to someone, I can hardly bear to face them

again.

197. My life is fast-paced.

198. On vacation, I prefer to go to a tried and true spot.

199. I'm hard-headed and stubborn.

200. I strive for excellence in everything I do.

201. Sometimes I do things on impulse that I later regret.

202. I'm attracted to bright colors and flashy styles.

203. I have a lot of intellectual curiosity.

204. I would rather praise others than praise myself.

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205. There are so many little jobs that need to be done that I sometimes just ignore them

all.

206. When everything seems to be going wrong, I can still make good decisions.

207. I rarely use words like "fantastic!" or "sensational!" to describe my experiences.

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208. I think that if people don't know what they believe in by the time they're 25, there's

something wrong with them.

209. I have sympathy for others less fortunate than me.

210. I plan ahead carefully when I go on a trip.

211. Frightening thoughts sometimes come into my head.

212. I take personal interest in the people I work with.

213. I would have difficulty just letting my mind wander without control or guidance.

214. I have a good deal of faith in human nature.

215. I am efficient and effective at my work.

216. Even minor annoyances can be frustrating to me.

217. I enjoy parties with lots of people.

218. I enjoy reading poetry that emphasizes feelings and images more than story lines.

219. I pride myself on my shrewdness in handling people.

220. I spend a lot of time looking for things I've misplaced.

221. Too often, when things go wrong, I get discouraged and feel like giving up.

222. I don't find it easy to take charge of a situation.

223. Odd things - like certain scents or the names of distant places - can evoke strong

moods in me.

224. I go out of my way to help others if I can.

225. I'd really have to be sick before I'd miss a day of work.

226. When people do foolish things, I get embarrassed for them.

227. I am a very active person.

228. I follow the same route when I go someplace.

229. I often get into arguments with my family and co-workers.

230. I'm something of a "workaholic".

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231. I am always able to keep my feelings under control.

232. I like being part of the crowd at sporting events.

233. I have a wide range of intellectual interests.

234. I am a superior person.

235. I have a lot of self-discipline.

236. I'm pretty stable emotionally.

237. I laugh easily.

238. I believe that the "new morality" of permissiveness is no morality at all.

239. I would rather be known as "merciful" than as "just".

240. I think twice before I answer a question.

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APPENDIX C:

CREATIVE TASK

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INTERACTIVE CREATIVE TASK

------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Please generate suggestions for how Virginia Tech could help ease the transition to

college in terms of social issues (not related to academic issues).

------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Remember, as a group your goal is to come up with as many solutions and the best

solutions possible, so please voice your ideas and thoughts to the rest of your group.

���

APPENDIX D:

CREATIVE PRODUCT INVENTORY

���

CREATIVE PRODUCT INVENTORY

Group __________Coder Number _______

Criteria Response CodeGeneration:The extent to which the responsegenerates new ideas. (fruitfulness)

Reformulation:The extent to which the responseintroduces significant change in theproduct. (restructuring)

Originality:The degree of the usefulness anduncommonness of the response. (uniqueness)

Relevancy:The extent to which the responseprovides a satisfactory solution tothe problem. (appropriateness)

Hedonics:The degree of attraction, or theappreciation and popularity, of theresponse. (elegance)

Complexity:The degree of depth, range, orintricacy of the informationcontained in the response. (completeness)

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Condensation:The degree to which the responsesimplifies or unifies the problem.(integration)

Total Response Score

���

APPENDIX E:

GROUP COHESION SCALE

���

GROUP COHESION SCALE

The following questions concern your feelings toward and evaluations of yourgroup. Please circle the response which best reflects your opinion.

1. If given the chance, I would choose to leave my group and join another.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly agree

2. The members of my group get along well together.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly

agree3. I feel that I am really a part of my group.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly

agree4. I would look forward to being with members of my group for another assignment.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly

agree5. I find that I generally do not get along with the other members of my group.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly

agree6. The group to which I belong is a close one.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly

agree7. I enjoyed belonging to this group because I think I could be friends with many of its

���

members.

1 2 3 4 5strongly disagree disagree neither disagree

nor agreeagree strongly

agree

���

TABLES

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Table 1

Subfacets of Big Five Personality Factors: Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and

Conscientiousness

NEO PersonalityFactor

Subfacets

Extraversion �Warmth �Gregariousness �Assertiveness

�Excitement-Seeking �Positive Emotions �Activity

Openness toExperience

�Fantasy �Aesthetics �Feelings

�Ideas �Values �Actions

Conscientiousness �Competence �Order �Dutifulness

�Self-Discipline �Deliberation �Achievement Striving

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Table 2

Personality Patterns Within the Five-Cluster Solution

ClusterNumber N

NEO Personality Trait Level Most SimilarGroup Condition

E O C

1 96 M H H Optimala

2 162 M M L Contrast C

3 106 M H L Contrast Ca

4 134 H H M Contrast A

5 112 H L H Contrast B

Note. L = low trait levels, M = moderate trait levels, H = high trait levels.

E = Extraversion, O = Openness to Experience, C = Conscientiousness.

a Cluster pattern matches the specified group pattern exactly.

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Table 3

Group Personality Patterns Within Group Conditions

NEO Personality Trait

Group Condition Extraversion Openness toExperience

Conscientiousness

Optimal Moderate High High

Contrast A High High High

Contrast B Moderate Low High

Contrast C Moderate High Low

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Table 4

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