Making Innovation Happen: Motors and Brakes · Different types of innovation in education...

Making Innovation

Happen: Motors and

Brakes

Stéphan Vincent-Lancrin

Senior Analyst & Project Leader

OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation

Banff, 11 October 2011

OECD Innovation Strategy:

Launch at Ministerial Council Meeting 2010

• Principles to promote innovation, including in education and public sector activities

– The OECD Innovation Strategy. Getting a head start on tomorrow

– Measuring Innovation. A new perspective

• CERI’s project:

– Skills and Education for Innovation

– Innovation in Education

Skills and education for innovation « 21st Century Skills »

Innovation

Skills

Education and

training

Innovation strategy

for education and training

• Stimulating science-driven innovation

• Stimulating business-driven innovation

• Stimulating practitioner-driven innovation

• Stimulating user-driven innovation

Different types of innovation in education

• Science-driven and business-driven innovation – Tool builders (educational products and services for

systems, schools and people) – New knowledge generation – Application or scaling up of evidence-based practices

• Practitioner-driven and user-driven innovation – School builders (new school models) – Project developers (new ideas and practices) – Inexpensive tool builders (OER, etc.)

Innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

Motors of innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

Motors of innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

Motors of innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

Motors of innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

Motors of innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

A multi-level innovation ecosystem with different

stakeholders, levers (and obstacles)

Individual level

Organizational level

Sector/Network level

Society level

International level

• Federal

• State

• District

Brakes to innovation

• Brake #1: supply of innovation – Insufficient public and

private insvestment in research and development

– Insufficient incentives for entrepreneurial tool development in education (but this might be changing)

– Insufficient room for experimentation and action research by practitionners

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and

Development

Educational Research and Development

Public expenditures in education and health as % of GDP (2008)

Share (%) of public research expenditures on education and health (2008)

Science-driven innovation

USA

Japan

EU27

Korea

China

0

100

200

300

400

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Education technologies by year - Main Countries (MA(3) - Patent Families only)

Growth of patent applications: Worldwide new education technologies (1990-2006)

Educational Research and Development

Business-driven innovation

Brakes to innovation

• Brake #2: demand for innovation

– Accountability policy leads to risk-aversion

– Innovation funds / Venture capital are insufficient (?)

– Schools/teachers lack (budget and) culture for innovation (action research)

– Parental demand for

educational innovation is marginal

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and

Development

Can school buy (or fund) innovations?

94 93 91 91 90 87 87 86 85 83 83 83 82 82 81 81 81 81 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 75 75 73 71 69 67 65 65 62

6 7 9 9 10 13 13 14 15 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 19 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 25 27 29 31 33 35 35 38

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Port

uga

l M

exic

o

Arg

enti

na

Ind

on

esia

Lu

xem

bo

urg

C

hile

Ja

pan

B

elgi

um

Sw

itze

rlan

d

Isra

el

Spai

n

Ital

y Ir

elan

d

Net

her

lan

ds

Ger

man

y U

nit

ed S

tate

s Fr

ance

D

enm

ark

OEC

D a

vera

ge

Hu

nga

ry

Can

ada

No

rway

Sl

ove

nia

A

ust

ralia

A

ust

ria

Icel

and

U

nit

ed K

ingd

om

B

razi

l K

ore

a Sw

eden

Po

lan

d

Slo

vak

Rep

ub

lic

Fin

lan

d

Cze

ch R

epu

blic

Compensation of all staff Other current expenditure

Distribution of current expenditure by educational institutions in primary, secondary

and post-secondary non-tertiary education (2008)

OECD, Education at a Glance 2011

Parents are happy with pedagogy and content

18

1

18

1

31

3

32

2

16

1

16

1

20

1

30

2 6 1

16 2 7 2

21

4 6 2

16 3

71 68

55 53

69 68 63

53

76 63

73

57

69

57

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Strongly Agree Agree Strongly Disagree

OECD, PISA 2009, Parents questionnaire

%

“I am happy with the content taught and the instructional methods used in my child’s school”

Pedagogy and curriculum: socio-economic

distribution of “happiness”

19

2 18

2 12 2 12

2 12

2 13

2

61 63 66 64 63 65

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 2 3 4 5 6

Strongly Agree Agree Strongly disagree

Lowest income Highest income

“I am happy with the content taught and the instructional methods used in my child’s school”

Parents are happy with their children’s school

25

1

30

1

26

1

21

1

24

1

37

2

42

1

37

2

26

3 8 1 9 1 9 2 17

2

17 3

67 61

65 69 65

53 47

50

58

73 71 70 62

57

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Strongly Agree Agree Strongly Disagree

OECD, PISA 2009, Parents questionnaire

"My child’s school does a good job in educating students"

School education: socio-economic distribution of

“happiness”

23

2

22

1

17

1

16

2

16

2

17

2

60 62

65 65 65 64

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 2 3 4 5 6

Strongly Agree Agree Strongly disagree

Lowest income Highest income

"My child’s school does a good job in educating students"

Brakes to innovation

• Brake #3: knowledge management – Insufficient organisational

learning within school and across the education sector (?)

– Inappropriate format and delivery of professional knowledge for practitionners

– Difficulty to produce

evidence on the impact of specific educational innovations

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and

Development

Brakes to innovation

• Brake #1: supply of innovation

• Brake #2: demand for innovation

• Brake #3: knowledge management

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and

Development

Selected action points to (try) unleash

innovation

• Evaluate and measure innovation in education – Develop next-generation education information systems – Invest in research and evaluation of educational practices – Develop with CERI a measurement pilot?

• Foster (international) communities of practice (sectoral and

organisational learning) – ILE network, other CERI and OECD work – Foster teacher professionalism around learning organisations

• Develop explicit innovation strategies for education (and finance and evaluate them)

Innovation in education

Innovation in

education

Technology

School organisation

System organisation

Research and Development

THANK YOU

Stephan.Vincent-Lancrin@oecd.org

www.oecd.org/edu/innovation