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MemoryLevels of Memory and How They Work
Memory
Memory: Capacity to acquire, retain, and recall knowledge and skills.
Memory
Jedi Mind Tricks
Memory
Levels of Memory
A) Sensory: Records information from the senses for only a few seconds
Encoding depends on attention
Memory
Types of memory
B) Short-term memory: Holds information for up to 15 or 20 seconds.
Rehearsal helps information stay longer
Short term memory can store about 7 ungrouped items.
Memory
Test your short-term memory
How many of the following ordered numbers can you remember ?
You will have 5 seconds to memorize the following digit numbers. Mistakes in two consecutive rows represent the limit of short-term memory.
Memory
76512
830956
7459271
8832513
447143563
4765439679
Memory
Types of Memory
C) Long-Term Memory:
Items that are important to you or have meaning are stored in long-term memory.
We can retain countless amounts of information, however recall might limit memory.
Memory
Long term memory is sorted into two categories:
Declarative (Facts)
Episodic
Semantics
Procedural (How-to)
Memory
Improving Recall
Ascribe personal meaning to memories
Encoding specificity principle (context and state)
Spacing effect
Memory
Dreams
Night
Bed
Blanket
Comfortable
Moon
Cloud
Rest
Pillow
Dark
You have 30 seconds, remember as many of the following words as possible:
Memory
Now write down all the words that you remembered
How many people remembered the words dreams, night, and bed?
How many people remembered the words rest, pillow, and dark?
Memory
Serial Position effect
Primacy effect: Rehearse more often, and therefore transfer to long-term memory
Recency effect: Still present in short-term memory, has not been ‘bumped-out’.
Memory
How many people remembered the word sleep?
Memory
False memories
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHPQYQ3NOjg&feature=related
Memory
Eye-witness accounts
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtDt-THaH_o
http://www.bigfuntown.com/Game-896.html
Memory
Forgetting:
Retrograde amnesia: Memory loss for events prior to the onset of amnesia. (Example: Alzheimer’s)
Anterograde amnesia: Memory loss for events that occur after the initial onset of amnesia.
Memory
Case Study: ‘H.M’
Remembers all events and skills learned before the accident.
Normal individual ‘living in the past’
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