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NATURAL DISASTER RISKS NATURAL DISASTER RISKS IN UKRAINEIN UKRAINE
N.O.VYNOGRAD N.O.VYNOGRAD
Senior Epidemiologist of Ministry Health of Ukraine,Senior Epidemiologist of Ministry Health of Ukraine,Chief of Epidemiology DepartmentChief of Epidemiology Department
L’viv National Medical University, UkraineL’viv National Medical University, Ukraine
TYPES of BIOLOGYCAL DANGERTYPES of BIOLOGYCAL DANGER
Activation, distribution and change of the Activation, distribution and change of the border of the natural nidi of infectious border of the natural nidi of infectious diseasesdiseases
Epidemical distribution of the formerly Epidemical distribution of the formerly control infectious diseasescontrol infectious diseases
Appearance of the new unknown Appearance of the new unknown infectious diseasesinfectious diseases
““Imported” agents of the exotic and Imported” agents of the exotic and internationally quarantinable diseasesinternationally quarantinable diseases
BioterrorismBioterrorism
TYPES of NATURAL NIDI TYPES of NATURAL NIDI ((by the components of the parasitical systemby the components of the parasitical system))
ZooanthroponosisZooanthroponosis ((animal/bird/reptileanimal/bird/reptile – – vectorsvectors – – human)human)
SaprozooanthroponosisSaprozooanthroponosis ((soil/watersoil/water – – animal/reptileanimal/reptile – – vectorsvectors – – human)human)
SaproanthroponisisSaproanthroponisis ((soil/watersoil/water – – humanhuman))
ecological
social
INFLUENCING FACTORSINFLUENCING FACTORS
NaturalNatural Climatic conditions Climatic conditions
(humidity, (humidity, temperature, temperature, hydrometeor), hydrometeor),
Geographical Geographical location,location,
Presence of certain Presence of certain types of animals, types of animals, birds, vectors.birds, vectors.
SocialSocial ResidenceResidence OccupationOccupation Living standardLiving standard Migration populationMigration population Medical careMedical care
GEOGRAFICALGEOGRAFICAL DATADATA
Territory size – 603,7 thousand sq. km:Territory size – 603,7 thousand sq. km:
- Polissija (forest) – 113500 sq. km- Polissija (forest) – 113500 sq. km
- Forest-Step – 202000 sq. km- Forest-Step – 202000 sq. km
- Step – 240000 sq.km- Step – 240000 sq.km
- special area – Karpatian and Crimean - special area – Karpatian and Crimean
mountainsmountains Population size – about 48 mlnPopulation size – about 48 mln
RESERVOIDS and VECTORSRESERVOIDS and VECTORS
Birds – 239 speciesBirds – 239 species Mammals – more Mammals – more
400: 29 species of 400: 29 species of Rodents; others Rodents; others animals – fox, animals – fox, hare…. hare….
Ticks – 7-10 speciesTicks – 7-10 species Mosquitoes - 21-24 Mosquitoes - 21-24
speciesspecies
NATURAL NIDI OF INFECTIOUS NATURAL NIDI OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES ON UKRAINEDISEASES ON UKRAINE
Hemorrhagic fever with renal Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndromesyndrome
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever fever
AnthraxAnthrax West Nile encephalitisWest Nile encephalitis Tick-born encephalitis Tick-born encephalitis Lyme diseaseLyme disease Marseilles feverMarseilles fever Q-feverQ-fever LeptospirosisLeptospirosis TularemiaTularemia RabiesRabies
DISTRIBUTION of HFRS on DISTRIBUTION of HFRS on UKRAINEUKRAINE
Lutsk
Lviv
Uzhgorod
Rivne
Ivano-Frankivsk
Ternopil
Tchernivtsy
Khmelnitsky
Zytomyr
Vinnytsa
KYIV
Tchernigiv
Sumy
PoltavaCherk
asy
Kharkiv
Kirovograd
Dnipropetrovsk
Lugansk
Donetsk
Zaporizya
Simpheropol
KhersonOdesa
Mykolaiv
Detection of antigen
Human illnessSerologycal retrospective
ANTHRAXANTHRAX
Soil temperature - no Soil temperature - no less 12 Cless 12 C
Soil humidity – more Soil humidity – more 80 %80 %
Humus – 0.7-6.1Humus – 0.7-6.1 Microelements (P, K)Microelements (P, K) Black soilBlack soil
UKRAINEUKRAINE
Lutsk
Lviv
Uzhgorod
Rivne
Ivano-Frankivsk
Ternopil
Tchernivtsy
Khmelnitsky
Zytomyr
Vinnytsa
KYIV
Tchernigiv
Sumy
PoltavaCherkasy
Kharkiv
Kirovograd Dnipropetrovsk
Lugansk
Donetsk
Zaporizya
Simpheropol
KhersonOdesa
Mykolaiv
ESTIMATE of PRACTICAL EPIDEMIC ESTIMATE of PRACTICAL EPIDEMIC SITUATIONSITUATION
SYNDROMATIC DIAGNOSTIC
LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTIC
RISK FACTORS of the DESTABILIZATION RISK FACTORS of the DESTABILIZATION of EPIZOOTO-EPIDEMICAL SITUATION at of EPIZOOTO-EPIDEMICAL SITUATION at
ZOOANTHROPONOSISZOOANTHROPONOSIS
Decrease of the volume of Decrease of the volume of epizootologycal surveillanceepizootologycal surveillance
Decrease of the Insect and Rodent controlDecrease of the Insect and Rodent control Inadequate laboratory verificationInadequate laboratory verification Worsening of the hygiene conditions of Worsening of the hygiene conditions of
territorialterritorial Natural Disasters (Floods)Natural Disasters (Floods) Fell of the forest without adequate controlFell of the forest without adequate control
MEANS of the OPTIMIZATION of MEANS of the OPTIMIZATION of EPIDEMIOLOGYCAL SURVEILANCEEPIDEMIOLOGYCAL SURVEILANCE
Modernization of the Lab diagnosis by Modernization of the Lab diagnosis by introduction of the express methods (ELISA, introduction of the express methods (ELISA, IF, PCR)IF, PCR)
Introduction of the definition of infectious Introduction of the definition of infectious diseasesdiseases
Organization of the correct epidemiological Organization of the correct epidemiological monitoringmonitoring
Forecast of epidemic process for specific Forecast of epidemic process for specific diseasesdiseases
Devise of GISDevise of GIS
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