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NEURONS5/9/19
PAGE 154
DO NOW‣ What is the difference between your central
nervous system and your peripheral nervous system?
‣ What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?
NEURONS AND BRAINCORNELL NOTES (PAGE 155)
PAGE 155
NEURON‣ Specialized cell in the Nervous System
‣ Sends electrochemical signals
NEURON DIAGRAM‣ (neuron, electrochemical signal, neurotransmitter, synapse)
PAGE 155
Neuron
Which of the following is the Axon?
Which of the following is the Dendrite?
ELECTROCHEMICAL SIGNALS‣ The signals that neurons send are BOTH
electric and chemical!
Check of understanding: What is inconsistent about this diagram?
1 2 3
NEUROTRANSMITTERS‣ Brain chemicals that transmit signals from
one neuron to the next across the synapse
SYNAPSE‣ Junction between 2 neurons
What happens between neurons?
3 TYPES OF NEURONS‣ Sensory neuron
‣ Interneuron
‣ Motor neuron
PAGE 155
SENSORY NEURON‣ Receives stimulus from the environment
‣ Sends signal to the Central Nervous System
‣ 5 senses
PAGE 155
INTERNEURON‣ Sends a signal from one neuron to another
(middle man)
PAGE 155
MOTOR NEURON‣ Sends a signal from the Central Nervous
system to the muscles
PAGE 155
Which of the following illustrates the interneuron?
1
2
3
Which of the following illustrates the motor neuron?
1
2
3
Which of the following illustrates the motor neuron?
1
2
3
REFLEX‣ Involuntary, instantaneous movement in
response to a stimulus
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Reflex Arc• In higher animals, most sensory neurons do not pass
directly into the brain, but synapse into the spinal cord. • Reflex occurs without the delay of routing signals through
the brain• The brain will receive sensory input while the reflex action
occurs.
BRAIN
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CEREBRUM‣ Largest, most highly developed part of the
brain
‣ Controls thinking, perceiving, and understanding language
‣ Corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres
RIGHT HEMISPHERE • Controls left side of the body
• Artistic expression; understanding of spacial relationships
LEFT HEMISPHERE• Controls right side of the body
• Mathematical ability, problem solving, language, decision making
BRAIN REGIONS
FRONTAL LOBE• Movement of body
• Personality
• Concentration, planning, problem solving
• Meaning of words
• Emotional reactions
• Speech, smell
NOTES
PHINEAS GAGE
PARIETAL LOBE• Pain, touch and pressure
• Taste
• Body awareness
NOTES
OCCIPITAL LOBE• Sight
NOTES
TEMPORAL LOBE• Receive and process sound
• Face recognition
• Emotion
• Long term memory
NOTES
CEREBELLUM• Latin for little brain
• Fine motor (muscle) control
• Balance and coordination
NOTES
LIMBIC SYSTEM• Located inside the brain
• Controls emotions like happiness, sadness, and love
NOTES
PAGE 155
BRAINSTEM‣ Connects brain and spinal cord
‣ Maintains control of heart and lungs
TASKS‣ Fill out the rest of the worksheets
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