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Spring 2016
OntariOMining Review
www.ontariominingreview.com
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ICA
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Documentary seriessheds light on how mining affects aboriginal communities
FIFO fears: Things to consider
Elsa Nielsen on women and mining
Documentary seriessheds light on how mining affects aboriginal communities
FIFO fears: Things to consider
Elsa Nielsen on women and mining
2 Ontario Mining Review
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Spring 2016 3
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OntariOMining Review
On the cOver: Adam Brody Coulter, regional geologic mapping
for Wallbridge Mining Company. See story on page16.
Message from the Minister of Northern Development and
Mines, Michael Gravelle 4
Message from the Northwestern Ontario Prospectors
Association president, Bob Chataway 6
There’s girl power in mining 7
Documentary touches on hot topic 8
Top three factors for families starting fly-in, fly-out 9
The history of mining in Ontario 10
Advancing female entrepreneurs as suppliers in the
mining sector 12
Your only turn-key environmental engineering
service provider 14
Can’t hold the Ontario mining industry down 15
The search for unconventional ores at the
Sudbury Structure 16
Unimin Canada invests for the long term 18
Serpent River update proves promising 20
Leisure Farms Construction always does its best 22
Index to advertisers 23
4 Ontario Mining Review
Michael Gravelle, Minister of Northern Development and Mines
Mining is a major contributor to Ontario’s economy, and in today’s rapidly changing industrial landscape, our ministry is working hard to ensure mineral sector growth is not only sustained but strengthened.
Mineral production in Ontario contributed record revenues of $11 billion
in 2014, while each year $6.6 billion in gross output is produced by global min-
ing supplies and services. As well, the mineral sector generates more than $1.7
billion in payroll.
Consider that $8.9 billion in equity capital was raised on the TSX and TSXV
in 2014 alone, with Toronto being the world’s largest financing centre for min-
ing. The fact is Ontario’s mineral sector accounts for more than 1.1 per cent
of the provincial GDP with nearly $1 billion invested annually through capital
expenditures on mines.
Our government’s goal is to maximize opportunities that build on this suc-
cess, foster the growth of Ontario’s mineral sector and help industry overcome
the global economic challenges that have impacted world markets for the last
few years.
With challenge comes opportunity.
We are working harder than ever to maintain Ontario’s position as one of
the world’s leading mining jurisdictions, and to become the global leader in
sustainable mineral exploration, development and production.
Ontario has real potential to lead a market rebound.
How? Access to international investor capital is absolutely critical, and sev-
eral strategic new initiatives demonstrate our government’s support for min-
eral sector rebound and growth.
For example, Ontario will host and co-sponsor the inaugural Mines and
Money Americas conference and exhibition in Toronto from Sept. 26 to 28,
2016.
Mines and Money is the world’s premier event for mining finance and in-
vestment, bringing together international investors and major miners and pro-
viding traditional prospectors, junior exploration firms and smaller mining
companies with a unique opportunity to connect with potential investors.
This is the first time in its history that a Mines and Money conference will be
hosted in North America. It will be a privilege to showcase Ontario’s mineral
sector in an effort to attract new business and investment.
Another step we’ve taken is Ontario’s renewed Mineral Development Strat-
egy (MDS) which was unveiled in December 2015.
Message from theMinister of Northern Development and Mines, Michael Gravelle
Spring 2016 5
Directly aligned with the Growth Plan for Northern Ontario,
MDS is a 10-point action plan for shaping mineral exploration and
development over the next decade. It reiterates the vital role that
exploration plays in Ontario’s economy and outlines the steps to
achieving long-term growth and prosperity of our mineral sector.
MDS addresses several priorities for resource development in
Ontario, including:
• maintainingcompetitiveproductionandtransportationcosts;
• supporting groundbreaking technologies to identify new ore
deposits;
• drivingfuturelabourmarketopportunities;
• strengtheningouraboriginalpartnerships;and
• retainingOntario’s statusasoneof theworld’s safestmining
jurisdictions.
This renewed strategy will foster more exploration and help
increase mineral discovery rates, which is critical to the future
development of new mines. Furthermore, it encourages innova-
tion and collaborative research among the mineral sector’s many
partners.
We are committed to introducing tools to attract more risk
capital and to provide financial supports for Ontario-based pros-
pectors and juniors which will help increase exploration activity,
even in challenging economic times.
That commitment is clearly echoed through the Northern On-
tario Heritage Fund Corporation’s $5-million contribution to-
ward the new Junior Exploration Assistance Program which will
be administered by the Ontario Prospectors Association.
Our government’s support for the mineral sector is also strongly
reflected in the modernization of Ontario’s Mining Act.
The Mining Act provides security of mining land tenure and a fair
and transparent regulatory framework, consistent with the recogni-
tion of existing aboriginal and treaty rights, allowing companies to
plan long-term growth.
As part of the Mining Act Modernization process, amendments
to the legislation have been introduced proposing to implement
province-wide online claim registration and an integrated land
management system which will promote a dynamic and competitive
business climate in Ontario, ensuring the province is open to global
investment.
Major initiatives like the renewed Mineral Development Strategy
and Mining Act Modernization, coupled with our tax regime and
R&D tax incentives, competitive energy programs and modernized
infrastructure systems, contribute significantly to Ontario’s growing
reputation as a premier global destination for mineral sector invest-
ment.
Despite cyclical downturns and market fluctuations, it’s clear that
Ontario remains well-positioned to face future change and chal-
lenges head on.
Looking forward, I am confident that our government’s strategies
to maximize opportunities in the mineral sector form a solid blue-
print to proactively build an even stronger province for the benefit
of all Ontarians.
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6 Ontario Mining Review
Welcome to the PDAC (Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada) International Convention, Trade Show and Investors Exchange from the Northwestern Ontario Prospectors Association (NWOPA).
The northwest region of Ontario has a rich history when it comes
to mines, minerals and prospectors. Most notably, we have the Red
Lake gold deposits, producing for more than 90 years and still going
strong; the past-producing Shebandowan Mine; the platinum/pal-
ladiummineofNorthAmericanPalladium;theHemlogoldmines;
theVictorDiamondMine;andahugeresourceofchromiteinthe
RingofFire.NewGoldInc.isdevelopingagoldmineintheKenora/
Fort Frances area, and there is potential for iron ore and lithium pro-
duction. The geology is some of the most prospective in Canada.
The Ontario Geological Survey (OGS) staff is widely recognized
as the best resource available to new explorers. Over the years, many
successful prospectors have plied their trade in the northwest. This
has led to a culture of well-trained young prospectors with a keen
eye to finding new showings and hopefully new discoveries. NWOPA
honours the best at the annual Northwestern Ontario Mines and
Minerals Symposium in Thunder Bay. This year, the event takes place
from April 5 to 6. For registration and more information, please visit
www.nwopa.net.
Some of our recent award winners are noted here:
Lifetime Achievement AwArdIainDownie;
Dr.James(Jim)Franklin;
LyleHolt,prospector;
Perry English, prospector.
Bernie SchneiderS diScovery of the yeAr AwArdRudyWahl,PrairieLakeNiobiumProject;
ZenyattaVenturesLtd.,graphitediscovery;
Transition Metals, Sunday Lake Intrusion PGM Project.
The Bjorkman family, prospectors and geologists and winners of
numerous awards were also recognized.
OtherwinnersincludeEwanDownie,PremierGold;MacWatson
and Don Hoy, Freewest; Dan Calvert, Mel Stewart, Russell Kwiat-
kowski,MikeLuskiandJohnHalet,prospectors;andAlMacTavish
and staff, Magma Metals.
We look forward to honouring the next generation of winners
when the exploration season gets back on track. Good prospect-
ing!
Message from the Northwestern Ontario Prospectors Association president, Bob Chataway
Spring 2016 7
If there’s anyone who has experienced a complete 180-degree turn in careers and lived to tell the tale, it’s Elsa Nielsen.
Fine art? More like mine art. Now a miner and a driller in a Long
Tom heading since 2013, Nielsen had originally attended school at
York University in Toronto, Ont. where she earned a bachelor of fine
arts degree. Nielsen’s passions lie within painting, photography and
Asian art history. However, she was working as an offshore invest-
ment accountant for State Street Corporation in downtown Toronto.
“My work was high-pressure and fast-paced, but it wasn’t satis-
fying at all. I’m a creative individual and I was stuck in a number-
crunching job. I didn’t find my work challenging and I wasn’t in-
spired by it,” Nielsen says, adding that while attending York Univer-
sity, she worked in the mines up north as her summer job.
Nielsen had worked as a student underground production worker,
spending most of her time tramming – both pulling chutes by herself
and being loaded by a scoop operator. Eventually, Nielsen left her job
to return to the mines – and she hasn’t looked back since.
“I work with a partner, and my duties in a Long Tom heading in-
volve mucking out the previous round, bolting up with a jackleg and
stopper, plotting on my print where the next round will be taken and
drilling and blasting my round,” Nielsen explains her job duties. “I
alsoextendservicesasmyheadingprogresses,i.e.water/airpipesand
installing ventilation tubing.” When necessary, Nielsen is also a scoop
operator and a trammer.
Although equipped with an arsenal of skills and knowledge of
mining, Nielsen says she still experienced some challenges as a wom-
an in the profession.
“There was a brief adjustment period for my co-workers on the
front lines having a woman in their midst,” Nielsen recalls.
She remembers being faced with different reactions – some were
positive, but a lot were negative. She says men didn’t know how to
interact with her, if they could joke around with her and if they could
say curse words in front of her.
“I’m happy to say that within a couple of months, it felt like most
miners were at ease and comfortable with my presence in their work-
place,” Nielsen says.
However, for Nielsen, she says the most challenging obstacle was
trying to convince the middle management and training department
to promote her. She had wanted to develop her career beyond equip-
ment operation and onto development mining.
There’s girl power in mining
elsa nielsen.
My duties in a Long Tom heading involve mucking out the previous round, bolting up with a jackleg and stopper, plotting on my print where the next round will be taken and drilling and blasting my round.
“I experienced some major pushback from middle management,”
Nielsen says. “I was never really a serious consideration for promo-
tion as a driller because my captains couldn’t visualize me doing the
job and had no day-to-day exposure to my skills or abilities. It was
much easier for them to believe ‘She isn’t strong enough’ or ‘She’ll
just get hurt’ rather than give me a fair chance.”
To combat some of the challenges Nielsen – and many women –
faces, she recommends a multifaceted strategy, which includes train-
ing for frontline supervisors and middle management that spreads
awareness about unconscious bias; a cross-training strategy for
frontline workers to ensure productivity which also ensures women
getdevelopedalongsidemen;arotationofdutiestoensureallwork-
erskeepupwithallcross-trainedtasks;andengagingandpromot-
ing local female talent to save on the costs of fly-in, fly-out (FIFO)
operations.
By Cindy Chanbb
8 Ontario Mining Review
Paul Rickard never forgot where he came from.Born and raised in the community of Moose Factory, Ont., Rick-
ard was the director, producer, cameraman and writer for the six-
episode documentary series, Ring of Fire, which told the tale of how
several aboriginal communities felt about the titular resource devel-
opment site. The series is a co-production between Mushkeg Media
(ROF) Inc. producers Rickard and George Hargrave and A Beautiful
Forest Inc. producers Lloyd Salomone and Nelson Milley from Fred-
ericton, N.B.
According to Rickard, Salomone had pitched the idea of doing a
documentary on the Ring of Fire to him and Hargrave.
“We were kind of figuring out how to approach this project and,
obviously, with the Ring of Fire, it’s a huge, complex project,” Rickard
explains.
Eventually, Rickard and his team compiled their research by going
into the communities that were affected by the Ring of Fire, with
the purpose of collecting and listening to the community members’
response to the mining project. Afterwards, they pitched the series to
APTN (Aboriginal Peoples Television Network).
“It’s a six-part series that looks at the issues of concern for the
communities on how they see the Ring of Fire,” Rickard summarizes
the documentary. He adds that the communities want their more
pressing issues settled prior to agreeing to any development on the
Ring of Fire, such as social issues, health issues and education issues.
Rickard was adamant on having aboriginal people’s opinions at
the forefront rather than the usual government and industry per-
spective.
“At the time, there were a lot of articles and newspapers and stories
about the Ring of Fire from the industry and government perspec-
tive,” Rickard says. “Very little was coming from the community in
terms of what the community members thought. While doing re-
search, I figured it’s better to tell the story from the communities’
perspective, to show what was important to them, how the Ring of
Fire plays a role in their future.”
They started filming in June of 2014 and finished filming in Sep-
tember 2014. They spent their entire summer there, staying for two
to three weeks at a time, leaving for one week and returning after-
wards.
However, the real work began way before that. Rickard recalls one
of the biggest challenges with this documentary was getting com-
munity members to participate, which was why he had to gain their
trust before the cameras started rolling.
“The first part of our project was visiting and not filming,” Rick-
ard says. “We hung around the community, visited people, visited the
bingo halls and attended various functions.”
The effort the team put into integrating into the community led
to more open conversations and the occasional invitation to join a
fishing trip. However, the most rewarding thing, for Rickard, was the
chance to talk to the elders.
“Mydadwasanelderaswell;he’sinhislate80s.Igrewuphunting
and trapping with my father. I had a really good understanding of the
cultural component, so being able to showcase and talk to the elders
was rewarding,” Rickard says.
Ring of Fire was initially intended to be a one-time series, but
Rickard is open to the idea of creating a sequel to check in with the
communities.
“Down the road, if there’s an actual mine happening, it’ll be in-
teresting to do a follow-up to see how things turn out for the com-
munities,” Rickard says.
Towatchtheepisodes,visitaptn.ca/ringoffire.Paul rickard (camera) and theo Levi (sound) film with roy Spence and Frank Shewaybick of Webequie First nation. Photo taken by Zoë Barrett-Wood.
By Cindy ChanPaul rickard. Photo taken by Darryl Rickard.
Documentary touches on hot topichow the ring of Fire affects aboriginal communities
Spring 2016 9
Is the fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) lifestyle bad for families? It’s a question I’m frequently asked by people (often outside the
mining industry) who are intrigued by the concept of working thou-
sands of miles away from home.
The answer is yes and no. Some families love the lifestyle and
say it’s brought them much closer together while helping them to
achieve their financial and career goals. Others say it’s the biggest
mistake they’ve ever made.
It’s definitely true, though, that all FIFO families have it rough
sometimes (just like every other family on the planet!). And when
tough times happen, it helps enormously to know they’re not alone.
For families just starting out in FIFO, or contemplating the life-
style, below are the top three factors worth considering.
1. SomE InDIvIDuaLS anD famILIES CopE bEttEr than othErSThis probably seems obvious, but in my six years with Mining
Family Matters, I’ve been really fascinated to see certain themes
emerging time and time again. People who cope well with working
away (or with their partner working away) tend to:
• Seeworkingawayasapositivechoicethatishelpingtheirfamily
achieveimportantandsharedgoals;
• Haveapositive,problem-solvingapproachtotheinevitableprob-
lemsthatarise;
• Havepracticalsupportfromextendedfamily,friendsorpaidhelp;
and
• Prioritizelookingafterthemselves,bothphysicallyandemotion-
ally.
2. WorkIng aWay Can makE ExIStIng probLEmS WorSE Underlying problems like mental health issues, relationship prob-
lems, excessive drug or alcohol use and physical health problems can
worsen with the demands of working away. All individuals and fami-
lies have issues to deal with, and adding in an extra stress like work-
ing away can tip the balance if there is not a plan in place to manage
whatever the issues are. Pretending problems don’t exist won’t help.
The good news is that there’s never been more help available. Use
the help to identify and address any personal or family problems that
you face. Become the best version of yourself and reap the rewards.
Top three factors for families starting fly-in, fly-out
3. SImpLE StratEgIES Can hELp pEopLE CopE bEttEr, anD thESE Can bE LEarnEDOnce upon a time, psychologists thought that people were either
born resilient or not. We now know that what we call resilience is a
set of skills like any other set of skills. They can be taught, people can
learn them and practice will improve them.
Key coping skills are:
• Problem-solving.Insteadofjustworrying,resilientpeopletendto
get on and try to work out solutions to problems they face.
• Recognizingwhatishappeninginone’sthinking,andmakingthe
choice to avoid thinking traps like catastrophizing (“I’ve had the
worst week ever”), over-generalizing (using “always” and “never”
when the reality is “sometimes”) and snowballing (when one
thing leads to another in your thinking and you end up with a
bigger and worse problem than you started with).
• Askingforandacceptingsupportandhelpfromothers,including
family, friends and professionals (yes, this is a skill that can be
practised).
• Recognizingthegoodthingsinlife.Thiscanbepractisedthrough
exercises such as writing down three good things at the end of
each day.
• Goodcommunication.Goodcommunicationskillscontributeto
positive relationships both at work and at home, and good rela-
tionships help people cope better with tough times.
By Angie Willcocks, Mining Family Matters psychologistbb
For further expert advice on mining and exploration relationships and parenting, visit the Mining Family Matters website at www.miningfm.ca.
10 Ontario Mining Review
Many visitors to Toronto, when looking up-ward to the tops of those enormous bank-ing towers along Yonge and Bay Streets, might believe that banking and other fi-nancial corporations were the primary his-toric factors in Ontario’s economic growth. Others might look at industrial plants in Hamilton and other cities and come to the same conclusion.
However, they would likely be wrong, be-
cause there is ample evidence to conclude
that that it is the mining industry which
has made the greatest of contributions to
Ontario’s economic growth and, most cer-
tainly, to the expansion of communities
across its vast northern and western areas.
Throughout the past century and more,
mining’s economic and social contribu-
tions to Ontario have been truly substan-
tial. According to figures provided by the
Ontario Mining Association, the value of
mining production within Ontario ap-
proached $11 billion by 2014 while leading
the way in Canadian production of gold,
nickel, copper, platinum group metals
(PGMs), salt and several structural mate-
rials.
Many small to mid-sized communi-
ties have relied on employment within the
world of mining for their economic stabil-
ity, and it is estimated that when all facets
of the mining industry are combined, total
mining industry employment within the
province now exceeds a quarter of one mil-
lion people. It is also worth noting that the
industry has successfully trained and pro-
vided employment opportunities for First
Nations peoples throughout Ontario.
The history of mining in Ontario
A condensed provincial history of the
spread of mining indicates a pattern which
has moved through the years from south
and central Ontario toward more northern
regions and then westward all the way to
the Manitoba border.
An important scene of early mining ac-
tivity was the Temagami district, located to
the east of Lake Nipissing near the Quebec
border. Among the earliest district mines,
we find the Big Dan Mine, named after
prospector Dan O’Connor. Mining opera-
tions began early in the 20th century and
continued until a forest fire destroyed min-
ing infrastructure in 1907.
Other Temagami district mines which
saw active production in that era included
the Barton Mine which produced molyb-
denum, gold, silver, copper and bismuth
beginning in 1906 and continuing until
this mine was also the victim of a fire which
closed the mine permanently in 1918.
Further to the north, the Sudbury min-
ing district became the most important
By Leonard Melman
Throughout the past century and more, mining’s economic and social contributions to Ontario have been truly substantial.
Spring 2016 11
Ontario mining area with the discovery
of nickel ore by a railroad crew in the late
19th century. Subsequent exploration de-
termined that incredibly valuable deposits
were laid down by meteorite impact about
one billion years ago. Discoveries led to the
development of deep underground mining
along an oval pattern with a circumference
of about 150 kilometres.
Early Sudbury area mines included the
Creighton Mine which began production
in 1901 and which continues in operation
up to the present with known reserves es-
timated to last for another 20 years. New
exploration programs designed to extend
known mineral resources are continuing.
Another historic Sudbury mining op-
eration is the Frood-Stobie Mine, which
began operations early in the 20th century
and which eventually became one of the
world’s great nickel mines, making vital
contributions to the Allies’ war efforts in
both World Wars. In fact, it was estimated
that 40 per cent of the Allies’ nickel used
in artillery production came from Frood-
Stobie. After more than a century of opera-
tions, the mine eventually closed in 2012.
Mining continued to expand to the
north with the opening of the Timmins
region and important operations which
made significant economic contributions
to that area included the Hollinger, Mc-
Intyre and Dome mines. The Hollinger
Mine opened in 1910 and continued in
operation until 1989 when the area went
on “care and maintenance” status, but
present-day owner Goldcorp is looking to
reinstate open pit operations. During its
heyday, Hollinger was the largest gold min-
ing operation in Canada. The McIntyre
Mine operated from 1912 until closure
in 1988, eventually producing more than
10,800,000 ounces of gold.
One of the area’s most famous mines,
the Dome Mine enjoyed tremendous early
growth and eventually employed almost
800 miners in the years before the Second
World War. Production continued at a high
level until the early years of the present
century when declining reserves and ore
grades eventually led to an announced ces-
sation of mining operations in early 2016.
Northern Ontario mining development
continued with the opening of the Lake
Shore gold mine which operated near the
present-day city of Kirkland Lake from 1918
through 1965 and which made major con-
tributions toward the development of that
city.
Heading westward, uranium ore was dis-
covered near the city of Elliot Lake, result-
ing in the opening of several uranium min-
ing operations, including the Denison and
Golden Giant mines. Uranium production
continued from the 1950s up to the early
1990s.
Recent years have witnessed extensive
mining exploration and development from
north of Lake Superior westward through
Red Lake, Armstrong and down to the Rainy
River region. Notable mining camps have
included the enormously productive Hemlo
discovery which saw the establishment of
several important mining corporations dur-
ing the late 20th century.
Mining was important to Ontario’s past
economic development, and it remains so
today. The industry’s future remains bright
with exceptional areas of exploration such as
the staggeringly rich Ring of Fire region yet
to be developed.
12 Ontario Mining Review
A couple of years ago, the PARO Centre for Women’s Enterprise real-ized that female entrepreneurs would be an asset to the mining sector.
The organization embarked on a strategy to provide support
to women and the mining sector to increase women’s participa-
tion as suppliers. Ontario’s mine supply and service sector has
approximately 1,400 supply and service companies offering a full
range of capabilities, such as mine exploration and operation,
equipment and technology, security and safety, environmental
studies and site reclamation. It is a growing sector that is worth
Advancing female entrepreneurs as suppliers in the mining sector
about $5.6 billion a year and provides 23,000 jobs.1 It is unknown
to date how many female entrepreneurs are servicing the min-
ing supply and service sector in northern Ontario, as this is a
relatively new and emerging area. Recent surveys on gender and
the sector have not yet been compiled. However, according to the
Ontario Mining Association, “women are the largest underrepre-
sented group in the mining sector”. 2
PARO has collaborated with women and a myriad of commu-
nity partners to develop and grow women’s businesses for more
than 20 years. PARO’s expertise in business development was es-
tablished by working with suppliers (i.e. female entrepreneurs)
and purchasers (i.e. private and public entities) in all sectors of
the economy. Through this work, PARO recognized a gap – the
poor linkage between woman-owned businesses and procure-
ment and purchasing departments in the mining sector. As a re-
sult, the team at PARO as well as staff and leaders in the sector
designed a plan to advance woman-owned businesses as suppli-
ers in the mining sector. The hope is to continue to expand the
opportunities for women-owned businesses to directly supply
goods and services to this sector.
PARO identified key barriers that keep women out of the min-
ing supply sector. To address these barriers, PARO, with input
from industry and community leaders, including women already
active in the sector, developed a mining procurement tool kit,
offered workshops, linked entrepreneurs to mentorships and of-
fered networking opportunities that have helped more women
gain the information, skills and confidence needed to compete
for supply contracts within the mining sector and expand their
businesses.
PARO found that collaborating with procurement departments
in the sector enables women and their businesses to be recognized
as reliable sources of goods and services for a sector dominated
largely by larger corporations and male-headed businesses. PARO
also saw that strengthening this direct business relationship could
enable woman-owned businesses to gain access to larger-scale
economic opportunities in northern Ontario and guarantee more
consistent, long-term revenues from the mining sector.3
ALL TYPES OF WELDING.ALL TYPES OF METAL.
BIG OR SMALL, WE DO IT ALL.
9 3 9 E L I S A B E L L A S T R E E T, S U D B U R Y, O N P 3 A 5 K1
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PArO grows their work in the north
Spring 2016 13
christina Burk.
110-105 May Street NorthThunder Bay, ON P7C 3N9Tel: 807.625.0328Fax: 807.625.0317
110 105 ᒣ ᒥᑲᓇᐠ ᑭᐁᐧᑎᓄᐠᑕᐣᑐᕑ ᐯ, ᐅᐣᑌᕑᐃᔪ
info@paro.ca
The strategy has had overwhelming participation, targeting
women across all language and cultural groups. In the span of
24months,more than1,100womenhaveparticipated inand/or
benefited from procurement events, workshops and networking,
expanding their knowledge of doing business in the mining sector
and increasing their direct engagement as suppliers in the procure-
ment process.
Christina Burk, PARO circle member and successful owner of
two companies, was recognized this year at the Marathon Business
Awards Gala as the “Entrepreneur of the Year”. PARO assisted Burk
over the last three years, helping her to develop her businesses in
various ways, such as assisting with her health and safety policy
and helping her secure a mining contract with a gold company by
providing PARO’s mining tool kit.
We are excited to report that more and more female entrepre-
neurs are becoming suppliers in the mining sector. This participa-
tion is essential to our northern economy.
PARO welcomes input and participation from the community
and the mining sector in this endeavour. Contact executive direc-
tor Rosalind Lockyer at rlockyer@paro.ca or lead bilingual busi-
ness counsellor Marie-Eve Poliquin at northeast@paro.ca. You can
also call (807) 625-0328.
footnotES:1 http://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/en/northern-development/mining-
supply-and-services2 http://www.oma.on.ca/en/ontariomining/facts_figures.asp3 Adapted from ‘Advancing Women-owned Businesses as Suppliers
in the Mining Sector’ by measureMe, January 2016.
PARO has collaborated with women and a myriad of community partners to develop and grow women’s businesses for more than 20 years.
14 Ontario Mining Review
Canadian Shield Consultants Agency Inc. (CSCA) was formed more than 15 years ago, and today it has become the only turn-key service company in Ontario in the world of wastewater treatment busi-ness.
Through the years, CSCA has developed
expertise in engineering, construction and
maintenance of wastewater treatment sys-
tems, as well as becoming a member of the
Professional Engineers Ontario.
The mining sector is at the core of our
engineering projects, which includes ser-
vices such as assessments, feasibility stud-
ies, hydrogeological studies under the On-
tario Water Resources Act (OWRA), Ag-
gregate Resources Act (ARA), consulting,
engineered design, Environmental Com-
pliance Approval applications and more.
CSCA strives to be an innovative con-
sultant to help clients tackle all types and
sizes of wastewater projects. From domes-
tic to high-strength wastewater treatment,
each project is approached from the cli-
ents’ point of view in order to meet and
exceed all requirements and expectations.
Recently, CSCA has designed a wastewa-
ter treatment plant for the destruction of
ammonia from the mine process water, as
well as designing a wastewater treatment
system to reduce the TSS below effluent
discharge objectives as a result eliminat-
Your only turn-key environmental engineering service provider
ing the requirement of any additional
treatment.
CSCA not only provides expertise in
wastewater management and environ-
mental engineering but in environmen-
tal spill response and aviation. The avail-
ability of our own helicopter to respond
to spills, leaks or emergencies allows us
to respond and assess the scene quickly
and efficiently. We have specialized sam-
pling and monitoring equipment, as well
as a mobile treatment unit to allow for
sampling, initial lab analysis on-scene
and treatment of contaminated or waste-
water if necessary.
Additionally, CSCA has experience in
performing environmental site-specific
assessments of facilities and their equip-
ment for potential risks associated with
spills, leaks and/or emergencies. CSCA
can provide training and information
seminars at company facilities or work
sites to inform of regulative responsibili-
ties, as well as give proper training and
steps for initial spill response to be taken
by company and employees in the event
ofaspill,leakand/oremergency.
For more information on our firm
and the services we provide, please visit
our website at www.canadianshieldcon-
sultants.com, or feel free to call at (866)
691-0424. You can also visit our office
for a consultation with one of our pro-
fessionals.
CSCA not only provides expertise in wastewater management and environmental engineering but in environmental spill response and aviation.
Spring 2016 15
It is no secret that the year 2015 was not one of the best for On-tario’s mining industry due to the combined effects of low metal commodity prices and some continuing opposition from the en-vironmental community.
However, in spite of these circumstances, optimism regarding
the likelihood of growing long-term demand for metals remains
high, and it appears the industry stands to gain markedly from a
lower Canadian dollar which increases Canadian currency reve-
nues from mining production as well as substantial benefits from
declining energy costs.
As a result, many mining companies are looking past the recent
difficult period and are planning ahead for renewed growth and
profitability. Given the number of exploration, development and
mining companies operating within the province, space does not
permit a thorough listing of all ongoing activities. However, the
specific company activities listed below1 are meant to illustrate
the type and extent of Ontario mining project planning.
Lake Shore Gold Corp. operates two mines in the Timmins
area, the Timmins West Mine and the Bell Creek Mine. Both are
underground mining operations, and gold production during
2015 amounted to approximately 178,000 ounces. Going for-
ward, Lake Shore is continuing to explore its 144 Gap Zone at the
Timmins West Mine and plans to release a new resource estimate
for that zone during the first quarter of 2016. They also plan to
continue drilling on the 144 Trend during this year. Additionally,
the company is working to advance their Gold River Project lo-
cated south of the 144 Gap Zone.
Wesdome Gold Mines Ltd. is an active gold mine with two
Ontario projects, the producing Eagle River Complex near Wawa
and the developmental Moss Lake property located to the west
of Thunder Bay. Gold production in 2015 amounted to 50,712
ounces from Eagle River, and the company has announced plans
to increase mill throughput from a current level of 900 tonnes per
day (tpd) to 1,380 tonnes per day by the second half of 2017 while
gold recovery is planned to reach a range of 74,000 to 82,000 by
2018. Looking forward, exploration work is currently in progress
with the potential to double mine life at both the Eagle River
underground mine and the Mishi open pit.
An important consolidation initiated in late 2015 and conclud-
ed in early 2016, which was the acquisition of St. Andrew Gold-
fields Ltd. by Kirkland Lake Gold. The combined company now
possesses important assets located near Kirkland Lake within the
famous Abitibi Greenstone Belt, which is expected to produce
between 260,000 and 310,000 ounces of gold during 2016. In ad-
dition, the company believes there is significant upside explora-
tion and development potential. During 2016, particular focus
will be placed on three main areas at the flagship Macassa Mine
Complex.
Farther to the north, Detour Gold is operating its Detour Lake
Mine located 185 kilometres northeast of Cochrane which has
been in commercial production since 2013. The mine is currently
producing gold at a rate of approximately 500,000 ounces per
year which is expected to increase to more than 600,000 ounces
per year from 2016 to 2018, with an estimated mine life of 23
years. The company continues to plan exploration and develop-
ment programs going forward, and 2016 plans include about
60,000metresofdrillingatZone58attheDetourMine;8,000to
10,000metresat theLowerDetour trend;andanother5,000 to
7,000 metres at other regional targets.
Premier Gold Mines Ltd. is planning renewed activity active in
two areas of Ontario as they strive to advance their two Ontario
projects, the Trans-Canada property near Geraldton in partner-
ship with Centerra Gold and the Rahill-Bonanza property near
Red Lake in partnership with Goldcorp. Trans-Canada is an
advanced project on which a preliminary economic assessment
(PEA) points toward development of a gold mine with estimated
production at 200,000 ounces per year and a mine life of 15 years.
Plans for 2016 include completion of a mineral resource estimate
in the first quarter 2016 and release of a feasibility study during
the first half of 2016.
New Gold Inc. is planning to move their Rainy River project
toward production by spending approximately $375 million
(CAD$300 million) during 2016. These expenditures will focus
on process plant production, tailings dam construction, contin-
ued commissioning of their mobile fleet and a ramp-up of pre-
production mining activities.
These projects – and there are many others within the prov-
ince – serve to demonstrate the faith industry leaders have in the
future of Ontario mining. While there are indeed obvious risks,
there are also evident possible rewards – including making a last-
ing contribution toward both economic and human develop-
ments within Ontario.
footnotES:1 Information has been obtained from corporate news releases,
presentations and other website information deemed to be
reliable.
Can’t hold the Ontario mining industry down
By Leonard Melmanbb
16 Ontario Mining Review
One of the key areas that the Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation (CEMI) is working on is exploration (new depos-its, expanded mines) and geophysics, both surface and underground, which is strate-gically important to mining sustainability. A partnership between CEMI, Wallbridge Mining Company Limited and Western University (Western) has been established to study one of the most important mining districts in Canada – the Sudbury Struc-ture. This partnership is supported with funding from the Natural Sciences and En-gineering Research Council of Canada, the Ontario Centres of Excellence and Mitacs.
Since the discovery of nickel-copper
ores in 1883, the Sudbury region has
grown to be the largest and most profitable
mining district in North America, with
past production plus current inventory,
using today’s prices, estimated at $400 bil-
lion. Together with Wallbridge exploration
staff, the project involves seven graduate
students, three post-doctoral fellows and
several undergraduate students work-
ing alongside Dr. Gordon Osinski of the
Western University. Other collaborators at
Western have been brought on board, in-
cluding Dr. Neil Banerjee, Dr. Audrey Bou-
vier, Dr. Richard Grieve, Dr. Robert Linnen
and Dr. Philip McCausland.
In June 2015, Dr. Osinski was awarded
a renewal of his NSERC IRC (industrial
researchchair).NamedtheNSERC/MDA/
CSA/CEMI industrial research chair in
Earth and space exploration, the award for
$750,000 covers a five-year period.
The primary research goal is to further
the understanding of large-scale impact-
related processes and structures that con-
trol mineralization in the more non-tra-
ditional Cu-Ni-PGE ore deposits located
The search for unconventional oresat the Sudbury StructureBy Shannon Katary
Adam Brody coulter, regional geologic mapping for Wallbridge Mining company.
Spring 2016 17
Since the discovery of nickel-copper ores in 1883, the Sudbury region has grown to be the largest and most profitable mining district in North America.
distal to the Sudbury Igneous Complex
(SIC) footwall contact at the Sudbury im-
pact structure. The research aims to answer
a series of questions concerning the origin
of the so-called “Sudbury breccia”, host to
footwall vein deposits, and Offset Dykes at
Sudbury and their mineralization. Several
competing models exist for the origin of
both the Sudbury breccia and the Offset
Dykes, which prevents the development of
robust exploration strategies.
This project involves significant field-
work, with mapping, sampling and geo-
physical surveying, and is aided by remote-
sensing data and the use of modern field
portable instrumentation (e.g. X-ray fluo-
rescence) and data collection platforms
(e.g. GIS-enabled PDAs and tablets). The
field component of this research is focused
on investigating the underlying structural
controls on the emplacement of the Offset
Dykes and offset ore bodies and the Sud-
bury breccia. Detailed mapping of out-
crops is being conducted in order to deter-
mine how the different Offset Dyke phases
relate to one another, to the SIC and to
sulfide mineralization.
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The key to success.
Follow-on laboratory work conducted at
Western University is largely being carried
out in the new Earth and Planetary Materi-
als Analysis Laboratory (epma.uwo.ca). The
centrepiece of this lab is a state-of-the-art
field emission electron microprobe, which
provides imaging and analyses capabilities
at the micron to nanometre scale. When
coupled with regular optical microscopy
and bulk geochemical analyses, this labo-
ratory work seeks to understand the origin
of the different Sudbury breccia and Offset
Dyke phases and, in particular, the origin of
the sulfides and the controls on mineraliza-
tion. The goal is to establish a set of criteria
to determine what makes a particular Sud-
bury breccia and Offset Dyke locality more
likely to host economic mineralization.
This innovative research also utilized
knowledge from other meteorite impact
craters on Earth and Mars to better under-
stand the Sudbury Structure which, at about
200 kilometres in original diameter and 1.85
billion years in age, is one of the largest and
oldest meteorite impact craters on Earth.
“Gord and his team are showing that by
combining diligent field investigations with
modern remote sensing and lab-scale labo-
ratory technologies new insights into the
origins of valuable ore deposits are still pos-
sible, even in 100-year old mining camps,”
says Damien Duff, vice-president of geosci-
ence and geotechnical research and develop-
ment at CEMI.
For more information on this project and
others, visit www.cemi.ca.
18 Ontario Mining Review
Unimin Canada aims to build on its deep local roots through a modernization proj-ect designed to reinforce the international mining company’s commitments to the Canadian market.
The proposed project, which calls for
state-of-the-art noise reduction technology
as well as reduced energy consumption and
water usage, would consolidate Unimin’s
existing plants in Blue Mountain and Ne-
phton, Ont., into a modernized plant at the
Blue Mountain location. Unimin currently
mines and processes Canadian nepheline, a
premier deposit of the rare and highly val-
ued industrial mineral, at these two sites.
“Our modernization plans, once ap-
proved and implemented, will allow us to
better serve our customers, reinforce our
commitments to the communities where
we work and live and enhance our envi-
ronmental stewardship,” says Carl Horvat,
Unimin’s regional general manager.
Canadian nepheline is processed in an
environmentally friendly manner without
toxic chemicals. Its characteristics make it
the ideal building block for many house-
hold and industrial products common to
everyday life, including plastics, fibreglass
and ceramics.
These factors resonate well with Uni-
min’s customers, the majority of which are
Unimin Canada invests for the long termcanadian nepheline, mined in Ontario’s Kawartha region since 1935, will continue with the proposed modernization of Unimin’s Blue Mountain siteBy T.K. Kramasz
canadian nepheline, prized for its versatile performance properties, is cost-effective in its production processes with minimal environmental impact.
Spring 2016 19
Increased use in all major markets, including glass, ceramics, coatings and plastics, is expected to elevate demand for canadian nepheline around the world.
abroad. They also put Unimin’s local op-
erations on the world map.
“Canadian nepheline has the highest
alumina content of any other deposit in
the world. That’s its key attraction,” says
Bob Marshall, plant manager for Unimin
Canada. “Alumina is very important in the
making of glass and ceramics. It reduces
the amount of energy its manufacturers
need to use as well as improving the quality
of the finished products.”
Modernizing Unimin’s Blue Mountain
operation would ensure that the company
maximizes the use of this valuable min-
eral. The plans, once approved, would also
reduce its use of water and consumption
of electricity. It will take about four to six
years to complete the modernization, at
which time the Blue Mountain site sister-
operation at Nephton will close down.
“Since we’ll be operating one quarry, the
overall scope and environmental footprint
of our operations will drop dramatically,”
says Marshall. “This new level of efficiency
and worldwide demand for our product
will ensure that our commitment to oper-
ating in this area will continue for decades
to come.”
Likewise, Unimin’s commitment to envi-
ronmental stewardship will continue under
modernization.
“Helping the environment is not new to
us,” says Cynthia Jamieson, Unimin’s envi-
ronmental manager. “We excel at business
decisions that help the environment, and
consolidating our operations will further re-
duce our environmental footprint.”
Unimin Corporation, part of the world-
wide Sibelco Group, is one of North Amer-
ica’s leading producers and distributors of
non-metallic industrial minerals, including
quartz, feldspar, nepheline syenite, calcium
carbonate, clay, kaolin, lime and limestone.
For more information on the moderniza-
tion of the Blue Mountain operation, visit
www.canadiannepheline.com. Visitors can
also register to receive updates.
20 Ontario Mining Review
Since acquiring the Serpent River prop-erty in 2006, International Montoro Re-sources Inc. has been building up data on it slowly and steadily. The company’s lat-est 2015 program on the Elliot Lake-area property saw two holes drilled to depths of 1,005 and 1,317 metres respectively. Results from the two holes – PDH No. 1 and PDH No. 2 – are indicative of a po-tentially significant Ni-Cu-PGE mineral deposit.
from thErE to hErEThe 1,840-hectare Serpent River prop-
erty, which is located about 15 kilometres
from Elliot Lake, has long been consid-
ered a potential uranium deposit. Histori-
cally, the property was shown to contain
significant uranium mineralization. In-
formation predating NI43-101 showed
an indicated resource of 20,000,000 tons
grading 0.037 per cent U308 or 14,800,000
pounds U308. This estimate was based on
very limited drilling. Montoro’s own drill-
ing on the property has found uranium
values in mineralized quartz pebble con-
glomerates consistent with these historic
results. But a 2009 summary of Ontario
Geological Survey field work showed a
strong geophysical anomaly on the claims
that were previously thought to be caused
by iron formation. New interpretations of
the Pecors Anomaly concluded it may be
the result of a mafic-ultramafic body that
could contain contact-style nickel-cop-
per-PGE mineralization similar to that
found near Sudbury. Sediment sampling
from nearby Pecors Lake has since shown
high levels of nickel and chromium, which
lent further weight to the analysis.
Serpent River update proves promising
Drill hole no. 2 cross section.
By Melanie Franner
Drill hole no 1. cross section.
Spring 2016 21
rECEnt WorkAdditional airborne surveying and sub-
sequent 3D modelling helped Montoro
narrow the focus of its work to a concen-
trated area on the Serpent River property
– now commonly known as the Pecors
Anomaly – an inversion block measur-
ing approximately seven kilometres long
by three kilometres wide. In the spring of
2015, the company then set about with a
diamond-drill program.
“We drilled the first hole because it was
located at the shallowest point where we
expected to intersect the interpreted gab-
bro unit, the rock type which could host
potential Ni, Cu and PGE mineralization
within the Pecors Anomaly,” explains Gary
Musil, president and CEO of International
Montoro Resources. “We drilled the sec-
ond hole approximately 650 metres north-
west of PDH No. 1 at the point where the
magnetic intensity in the Pecors Anomaly
was the highest and in an area where we in-
terpreted that a possible feeder dike could
enter the magma chamber.”
As a result of a combination of the drill-
ing and the use of down-hole probing
technology, two distinct conductive anom-
alies were detected and modelled from
PDH No. 2. At down-hole depths of about
580 to 590 metres, this shallow anomaly
was 75 metres (246 feet) from the hole and
coincides with the contact between the
Huronian conglomerate and basalt. The
second anomaly detected at 975 to 1,021
metres was only 70 metres (230 feet) from
the hole and it coincides with a thick gab-
bro unit.
The main objective of the drilling and
probing program was to better understand
the geology and nature of the VTEM mag-
netic anomaly identified during the air-
borne survey and the 3D interpretation of
the anomaly. On that score, the program
paid off.
“The program was successful and the
information obtained from the drill pro-
gram will be very useful in the planning of
a further exploration program,” says Don
Hawke, consulting geologist for Montoro.
“Although only anomalous values of Ni-
Cu-PGE were received in the two holes, I
remain optimistic that the results obtained
through the recent programs give further
evidence that the Pecors target may host a
new deposit type in the Elliot Lake mining
camp.”
nExt StEpSAccording to Musil, Montoro has two op-
tions available in the immediate future.
“One, we could go back down, re-enter
PDH No. 2 and then wedge off the hole near
the anomalies in order to try to attain more
data and intersect the conductors,” he ex-
plains. “Or, the more likely, a second option,
is to use AMT magnetotelluric technology,
which will allow us to conduct the survey
from the surface in order to provide a better
picture of any conductive targets within the
Pecors magnetic anomaly itself. This type of
technology can provide data to a depth of
about two kilometres.”
Musil adds that both options can be con-
ducted at any time, even in the winter.
“We will focus on getting financing in
place to move forward with either one or
both options later this winter or early in the
spring,” he concludes.
Pecors Anomaly
www.montororesources.comPh: 604-683-6648
22 Ontario Mining Review
Leisure Farms Construction Limited always does its best
about LfCFor more than 15 years, Leisure Farms Construction
Ltd. has been a full-service, 365-day contractor based in
northern Ontario. We have been providing exceptional
expertise with design, site layout, architecture and man-
agement of installing and erecting pre-engineered build-
ings into custom-designed structures to suit our clients’
specifications. Our unmatched versatility and mobility
gives us the ability to build locally and in remote loca-
tions throughout the province of Ontario and fully meet
our clients’ needs.
Our mandate is to provide superior workmanship
and, as such, we are aligned with the best pre-engineered
building suppliers and only employ the best tradesmen
in their respective fields to achieve superior results.
We maintain a high level of safety, quality, planning
and meeting and/or exceeding our clients’ projects and
schedules as we take a vested interest in helping our cli-
ents build success.
Our LFC team has the experience, knowledge and ex-
pertise to install and erect any pre-engineered building
to suit your expectations and custom specifications. Our
LFC team includes millwright certified workers, veter-
an-skilled welders, detail-driven carpenters and various
other skilled tradesmen who are highly focused, dedi-
cated and well-versed in their respective fields. You can
be assured that every design project is met with a strong
desire for success, and our LFC team is very proud of our
achievements and the finished builds.
Our mandate is to provide superior workmanship and, as such, we are aligned with the best pre-engineered building suppliers and only employ the best tradesmen in their respective fields to achieve superior results.
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Spring 2016 23
Index to Advertisers
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InDuStrIaL StoragE anD WarEhouSESStorage and warehouse structures are custom-built to suit your
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ALS Minerals ................................................................5Bureau Veritas Minerals ...............................................2Canadian Shield Consultants Agency Inc. ...................2City Welding Sudbury (2015) Limited ......................12International Montoro Resources Inc.........................21Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. ..............................................11Leisure Farms Construction Ltd. .................................23PARO Centre For Women’s Enterprise ........................13Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada ..OBCUnimin Canada Ltd. ...................................................19
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