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Optimization of Distribution SystemOptimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic ModelingOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
VA AWWA Operators Conference May 20, 2014
UdayUday KhambhammettuKhambhammettuRandolph RostasRandolph Rostas
Presentation Summary
– What, Why, and How
– Building the Model
– Facility Data Acquisition
– Model Calibration
– Real World Applications/Case Studies
– Model Maintenance
– Question and Answers
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling Page 2
What is Hydraulic Modeling?
“Network simulations, which replicate the dynamics of anexisting or proposed system, performed when it is notpractical for the real system to be directly subjected toexperimentation, or for the purpose of evaluating a systembefore it is actually built. In addition, for situations in whichwater quality is an issue, directly testing a system may becostly and a potentially hazardous risk to public health.”
- Tom Walski*
*Advanced Water Distribution Modeling and Management, Bentley Institute Press
Page 3Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Why Hydraulic Modeling?
– Master Planning
– Fire Protection
– Water Quality
– System Design
– Daily System Operations
Page 4Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
How to performHydraulic Modeling?
– Available Rescources• Softwareo EPANET (FREE)o KY PIPEo WATER CADo WATER GEMSo INFOWATER
• Technical Guideso AWWA M32 Manual, 3rd Edition
Page 5Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Building the Model
Water Model Background Info
Page 7
– Electronic mapping of infrastructure• Existing/Under Construction/Conceptualo Transmission/Distribution Mainso Fittingso Fire Hydrantso Tanks (Elevated/Stand Pipes)o Valveso Water Meterso Pumps
– Water Model Software Selection• InfoWater by Innovyze was selectedo Compatible with GISo Available training and technical support
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Facility Data Acquisition
Tanks
Page 9
Overflow Elevation
Ground Elevation
Bottom of theBowl Elevation
Bowl Depth (ft)
Volu
me
(cu.
ft)
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Pumps
Page 10
Number of Pumps
Diameter & Elevation
Des
ign
Hea
d (5
0 ft)
Design Flow (5,000 gpm)
Pump Start
Pump Stop
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Features & Attribute Information
Page 11
InfoWaterGIS
Exchange
GIS Features & Attributes
Pipes (installation date, City ID,length, material, diameter,
phase, zone)
Tanks (installation date, City ID, type,elevations)
Pumps (installation date, City ID)
Model Features & Attributes
Pipes (installation date, City ID,length, material, diameter,
phase, zone)
Tanks (installation date, City ID, type,elevations)
Pumps (installation date, City ID)
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Water Model Network
Page 12Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Model Network Errors
Page 13
DisjointPipes
Over lappingPipes
DisconnectedJunctions
OrphanedJunctions
DisconnectedJunctions
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Demand Data
Page 14
– Customer billing records
– Top 20 largest water users
– Consumption applied to closest junction
– Diurnal pattern applied to every junction
Time (hr)
Dem
and
Mul
tiplie
r
Water Meter Junction
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Model Calibration
Field Tests
Time (Days)
Pres
sure
(psi
)
Page 16Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Appropriate Calibration Level
“Loose”Calibration
“Tight”Calibration
Diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
field
data
and
mod
el s
imul
atio
ns
Long
Ran
ge P
lann
ing
Des
ign
Ope
ratio
nal S
trat
egy
Wat
erQ
ualit
y
Ener
gyM
anag
emen
t $$AVING$AVING$
Model CalibrationModel Calibration
ConfidenceConfidence
Good Decision MakingGood Decision Making
Page 17Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Case Studies
Page 19
Case Study 1: Village of Holland Water Tank
Village of HollandDEQ Consent OrderTo Reduce Fluoride
Concentration
City of SuffolkWestport Tank
ElementarySchool
Water Transmission MainConnecting Suffolk Main System
to Village of Holland
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Case Study 1: Village of Holland Water Tank
Page 20
Existing Pressure Zone
New Pressure Zone
Initial Concept
Final Design
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Case Study 1: Village of Holland Water Tank
Page 21
– The water model was useful in• Sizing the water main• Sizing the new elevated storage tank• Verifying various new pump station location scenarios• Repurposing existing pump station• Verifying the new pressure district concept• Determining the potential pressures for all customers in
the new pressure district
– Eliminating the need for a new pump station andreducing the size of storage tank, a saving of upto $1M
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Page 22
Case Study 2: Northgate Tank
– Examine proposed 2MG standpipe and pumpstation configuration in industrial zone
– Verify if standpipe can be replaced with elevatedstorage tank
– Identify alternate ways to provide high fire flowsof 4,000gpm for 4-hour duration without storagetank
– Maintain system pressures above 20 psi duringfire flow events
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Case Study 2: Northgate Tank
Page 23Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Case Study 2: Northgate Tank
Page 24Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Case Study 2: Northgate Tank
Page 25
– The water model was useful in• Establishing system pressures with and without the tank• Determining available fire demand flow without the tank• Identifying the system improvements to be made if the
tank and pump station were not to be built
– Eliminating the need for a new pump station andstorage tank, a saving of up to $4M
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Other Uses of Water Model
Page 26
– Current Tasks• System Pressure Maps• What-if Scenarios• Water main/tank/pump out-of-service
scenarios• Capacity Curves
– Future Tasks• Master Planning• Water Quality• Emergency Planning/Response• Energy Management Analysis• Future Demand Analysis
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Model Maintenance
Model Updates
Page 28
– Model pipes and facilities from GIS
– Evaluate model results periodically based on the newerfield tests
– Model demands
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Conclusions
Page 29
– GIS utility information and data validation made thecreation of water model a straight forward process
– Optimize operations by evaluating scenarios
– Prioritize projects within the Capital Improvement Plan
– Several million dollars saved in Capital Improvement Plan
Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling
Acknowledgements
Stewart LassiterUtilities Engineering Manager, City of Suffolk, VA
Vernon LandWater Production Manager, City of Suffolk, VA
Steve DunnOperations Supervisor, City of Suffolk, VA
Vicki SmithQuality Control Supervisor, City of Suffolk, VA
Peter OramAssociate Vice President, AECOM
VA AWWA Operators Conference May 20, 2014
Thank You
Uday.Khambhammettu@AECOM.com
Randolph.Rostas@AECOM.com
VA AWWA Operators Conference May 20, 2014
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