Optimization of Distribution System Operation by Using Hydraulic

Optimization of Distribution SystemOptimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic ModelingOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling

VA AWWA Operators Conference May 20, 2014

UdayUday KhambhammettuKhambhammettuRandolph RostasRandolph Rostas

Presentation Summary

– What, Why, and How

– Building the Model

– Facility Data Acquisition

– Model Calibration

– Real World Applications/Case Studies

– Model Maintenance

– Question and Answers

Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling Page 2

What is Hydraulic Modeling?

“Network simulations, which replicate the dynamics of anexisting or proposed system, performed when it is notpractical for the real system to be directly subjected toexperimentation, or for the purpose of evaluating a systembefore it is actually built. In addition, for situations in whichwater quality is an issue, directly testing a system may becostly and a potentially hazardous risk to public health.”

- Tom Walski*

*Advanced Water Distribution Modeling and Management, Bentley Institute Press

Page 3Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling

Why Hydraulic Modeling?

– Master Planning

– Fire Protection

– Water Quality

– System Design

– Daily System Operations


How to performHydraulic Modeling?

– Available Rescources• Softwareo EPANET (FREE)o KY PIPEo WATER CADo WATER GEMSo INFOWATER

• Technical Guideso AWWA M32 Manual, 3rd Edition


Building the Model

Water Model Background Info

Page 7

– Electronic mapping of infrastructure• Existing/Under Construction/Conceptualo Transmission/Distribution Mainso Fittingso Fire Hydrantso Tanks (Elevated/Stand Pipes)o Valveso Water Meterso Pumps

– Water Model Software Selection• InfoWater by Innovyze was selectedo Compatible with GISo Available training and technical support

Operators Conference May 20, 2014Optimization of Distribution SystemOperation by Using Hydraulic Modeling

Facility Data Acquisition

Tanks

Page 9

Overflow Elevation

Ground Elevation

Bottom of theBowl Elevation

Bowl Depth (ft)

Volu

me

(cu.

ft)


Pumps

Page 10

Number of Pumps

Diameter & Elevation

Des

ign

Hea

d (5

0 ft)

Design Flow (5,000 gpm)

Pump Start

Pump Stop


Features & Attribute Information

Page 11

InfoWaterGIS

Exchange

GIS Features & Attributes

Pipes (installation date, City ID,length, material, diameter,

phase, zone)

Tanks (installation date, City ID, type,elevations)

Pumps (installation date, City ID)

Model Features & Attributes

Pipes (installation date, City ID,length, material, diameter,

phase, zone)

Tanks (installation date, City ID, type,elevations)

Pumps (installation date, City ID)


Water Model Network


Model Network Errors

Page 13

DisjointPipes

Over lappingPipes

DisconnectedJunctions

OrphanedJunctions

DisconnectedJunctions


Demand Data

Page 14

– Customer billing records

– Top 20 largest water users

– Consumption applied to closest junction

– Diurnal pattern applied to every junction

Time (hr)

Dem

and

Mul

tiplie

r

Water Meter Junction


Model Calibration

Field Tests

Time (Days)

Pres

sure

(psi

)


Appropriate Calibration Level

“Loose”Calibration

“Tight”Calibration

Diff

eren

ce b

etw

een

field

data

and

mod

el s

imul

atio

ns

Long

Ran

ge P

lann

ing

Des

ign

Ope

ratio

nal S

trat

egy

Wat

erQ

ualit

y

Ener

gyM

anag

emen

t $$AVING$AVING$

Model CalibrationModel Calibration

ConfidenceConfidence

Good Decision MakingGood Decision Making


Case Studies

Page 19

Case Study 1: Village of Holland Water Tank

Village of HollandDEQ Consent OrderTo Reduce Fluoride

Concentration

City of SuffolkWestport Tank

ElementarySchool

Water Transmission MainConnecting Suffolk Main System

to Village of Holland



Page 20

Existing Pressure Zone

New Pressure Zone

Initial Concept

Final Design



Page 21

– The water model was useful in• Sizing the water main• Sizing the new elevated storage tank• Verifying various new pump station location scenarios• Repurposing existing pump station• Verifying the new pressure district concept• Determining the potential pressures for all customers in

the new pressure district

– Eliminating the need for a new pump station andreducing the size of storage tank, a saving of upto $1M


Page 22

Case Study 2: Northgate Tank

– Examine proposed 2MG standpipe and pumpstation configuration in industrial zone

– Verify if standpipe can be replaced with elevatedstorage tank

– Identify alternate ways to provide high fire flowsof 4,000gpm for 4-hour duration without storagetank

– Maintain system pressures above 20 psi duringfire flow events







Page 25

– The water model was useful in• Establishing system pressures with and without the tank• Determining available fire demand flow without the tank• Identifying the system improvements to be made if the

tank and pump station were not to be built

– Eliminating the need for a new pump station andstorage tank, a saving of up to $4M


Other Uses of Water Model

Page 26

– Current Tasks• System Pressure Maps• What-if Scenarios• Water main/tank/pump out-of-service

scenarios• Capacity Curves

– Future Tasks• Master Planning• Water Quality• Emergency Planning/Response• Energy Management Analysis• Future Demand Analysis


Model Maintenance

Model Updates

Page 28

– Model pipes and facilities from GIS

– Evaluate model results periodically based on the newerfield tests

– Model demands


Conclusions

Page 29

– GIS utility information and data validation made thecreation of water model a straight forward process

– Optimize operations by evaluating scenarios

– Prioritize projects within the Capital Improvement Plan

– Several million dollars saved in Capital Improvement Plan


Acknowledgements

Stewart LassiterUtilities Engineering Manager, City of Suffolk, VA

Vernon LandWater Production Manager, City of Suffolk, VA

Steve DunnOperations Supervisor, City of Suffolk, VA

Vicki SmithQuality Control Supervisor, City of Suffolk, VA

Peter OramAssociate Vice President, AECOM


Thank You

[email protected]

[email protected]


mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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Optimization of Distribution System Operation by Using Hydraulic