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Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
1
Joe Fisher
H 546 – Industrial HygieneOregon State University
30 May 2008
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
2
Introduction
One dimension <= 100 nanometers
Natural and Anthropogenic
Risks not well defined
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
3
Physical Characteristics / Properties
Physical
Chemical
Biological
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
5
Control
Respiratory Tract (Inhalation)
Gastrointestinal Tract (Ingestion)
Skin and Eyes (Contact)
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
6
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism and/or Storage
Excretion
Toxicokinetics
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
7
Industrial Hygiene
Hazard – We don't know yet
Exposure – Very difficult to measure
Dose – In it's infancy
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
8
Source: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, US Department of Energy.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
9
Source: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, US Department of Energy.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
11
Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Nano Cobalt
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
12
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell_distribution_width
Usually red blood cells are a standard size of about 6-8μm.
100 to 1000 times larger than nanoparticles.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
13
Source: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/298/5601/2176
TEM images of
silver nanocubes
synthesized
under different
conditions.
Scale bars,
100 nm.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
14
Source: http://www.crownlaboratories.com/bluelizard/products.html
Nanosized Inorganic Clusters
Make the clusters smaller (100 nm or less) and they won’t scatter visible light.
Blue Lizard Australian Sunscreen – Babymicronized -- Zinc Oxide (10%), Titanium Dioxide (5%)
80 to 150 nm
is best range
for zinc oxide
UV reduction
and clear
coating.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
15
Source: http://www.advancednanotechnology.com/
ZinClear™ is an exceptionally transparent form of zinc oxide. The cosmetic acceptability of ZinClear™ breaks the barriers that restricted market penetration of conventional and micronised zinc oxide into sunscreens.
ZinClear™ opens up markets in daily wear cosmetics and a host of skin care products, offering a safe effective alternative to chemical UV absorbers.
30 nm zinc oxide
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
16
Conclusion
Huge market for products.
Products already in the market.
Safety concerns.
Risk has not been determined.
( Hazard, Exposure, Dose )
Recommended