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Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
1
Joe Fisher
H 546 – Industrial HygieneOregon State University
30 May 2008
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
2
Introduction
One dimension <= 100 nanometers
Natural and Anthropogenic
Risks not well defined
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
3
Physical Characteristics / Properties
Physical
Chemical
Biological
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Risk
Hazard
Exposure
Dose
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Control
Respiratory Tract (Inhalation)
Gastrointestinal Tract (Ingestion)
Skin and Eyes (Contact)
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism and/or Storage
Excretion
Toxicokinetics
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Industrial Hygiene
Hazard – We don't know yet
Exposure – Very difficult to measure
Dose – In it's infancy
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, US Department of Energy.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, US Department of Energy.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: National Cancer Institute
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Nano Cobalt
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell_distribution_width
Usually red blood cells are a standard size of about 6-8μm.
100 to 1000 times larger than nanoparticles.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/298/5601/2176
TEM images of
silver nanocubes
synthesized
under different
conditions.
Scale bars,
100 nm.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: http://www.crownlaboratories.com/bluelizard/products.html
Nanosized Inorganic Clusters
Make the clusters smaller (100 nm or less) and they won’t scatter visible light.
Blue Lizard Australian Sunscreen – Babymicronized -- Zinc Oxide (10%), Titanium Dioxide (5%)
80 to 150 nm
is best range
for zinc oxide
UV reduction
and clear
coating.
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Source: http://www.advancednanotechnology.com/
ZinClear™ is an exceptionally transparent form of zinc oxide. The cosmetic acceptability of ZinClear™ breaks the barriers that restricted market penetration of conventional and micronised zinc oxide into sunscreens.
ZinClear™ opens up markets in daily wear cosmetics and a host of skin care products, offering a safe effective alternative to chemical UV absorbers.
30 nm zinc oxide
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NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Conclusion
Huge market for products.
Products already in the market.
Safety concerns.
Risk has not been determined.
( Hazard, Exposure, Dose )
Oregon State University
NanoparticlesA Public Health Review
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Please contact me if you have any questions.
Joe FisherPublic HealthOregon State University
