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8/8/2019 Organizational Behavior and Motivation
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By:
Rahul Sharma
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Concepts of Organization:
1) A Rational System Perspective
2) Natural System Perspective
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HIGH LEVEL OF
FORMALIZATION
GOALS
AREWELL
DEFINED
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FOCUSSING ON
BEHAVIOURAL
STRUCTURE
INFORMAL STRUCTURE OF RELATIONSHIP DEVELOPS AMONG
PARTICIPANTS
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Rational System Natural System
TA lab, Mess and Canteen
ShopC ,Bank andTechkriti'09
Survey Results
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` Rational System :
Taylors Scientific
Management
On the theme of
efficiency
Its an
empirical
approach!
Maximum Output
Minimum Input
Workers Scientifically
Selected on basis of which
they are best suited
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FAYOLS
ADMINISTRATIVE
THEORY
Emphasis On management
functions
Generating broad administrative
Principles
Co-ordination
control
relation
believer
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Taylor Theory Fayol's Theory
TA lab , Bank and
TechkritiShopC and Canteen
Mess
Survey Report
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0
5
10
1520
25
30
35
40
45
ShopC , Bank and Mess
Canteen andTechkriti'09
TA lab
Survey Report
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DRIVE THAT IMPELS
AN INDIVIDUAL
WORK
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Hypothesis:--
ImprovedWorking
Condition
Improvedrod tivit
Experiment done on factory workers
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1) Productivityincreased onincreasingillumination
2) Productivity alsoincreased wherelightening wasnt
increased
1) Relation Betweenwork condition &system(cause &effect model)performance
2) Human relationfactor and leading toMOTIVATION!(no
cause & effectmodel)
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Not Affected Affected
TA Lab,Shopc ,Mess
& CanteenBank
Techkriti'09
Affect of environment and co-workers?
Survey Report
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Why/How a person is motivated
Two Models of explanation:--
MASLOWS MODEL ofH
EIRARC
HY of NEEDS
HERZBERGS TWO FACTOR THEORY
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Theme:--Human beings have some physiological , psychological needfor which he is motivated to do work
Priorities ofneeds
LOWER ORDERNEEDS
HIGHER ORDERNEEDS
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Lower OrderNeeds(Primary)
PhysiologicalNeeds
Safety &Security Needs
Higher OrderNeeds(Secondary)
Esteem &Reorganization
SelfRealization
and fulfillment
Continue of Maslows Model
Following have definite Sequence of Domination:--
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0
1020
30
40
50
60
70
TA lab
Shop CBank
Mess
Canteen
Techkriti'09
What motivates employees?
Survey ReportNeed to prepare for
type of organization
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Herzbergs Two Factor Theory
Motivational Factors
(Motivators)
Maintenance Factors
(Dissatisfiers)
E.g.Achievements , Recognition
, responsibility ,advancement , fulfillment .
E.g.Salary , job
security , Health
Insurance .
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0
102030
40
50
60
7080
90
100
All Organizations
How important motivation is in perspective of an
organization ?
Survey Report
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Internal Need
Behavioral action to satisfyit
Accomplishment/Satisfactionofneeds
Motivation : A Three Step Process
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Types of Motivation
Motivation
Fear Incentives Attitude/Self
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1) FEAR = PUSH MECHANISM ... E.g. many of unconscious
motivations
Incentive(4 P Actions)
Praise
Prestige
Promotion
PayCheck
2) INCENTIVE = PULL MECHANISM
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Fear Motivation IncentiveMotivation
TA Lab, Bank & Canteen
ShopC & Techkriti
Mess
What factors do Foremen(manager) takes to have efficient motivation ?
Survey Report
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Carrot and Stick Theory
HARRY & LEVINSON EXPERIMENT
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CHARACTERISTICS OF
JACK-ASS
STUBORN
STUPID WILLFUL
UNWILLING TO GO WHERE
DRIVER WANTS TO GO
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1899 : Fredrick Taylor Experiment with iron worker
Motivated by extra wages or prestige & self esteem ?
Same motivations Different Output / Work
Different Motivations Same output / Work
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The Foreman and his sub-ordinates view of Motivation
(Pre-Survey Report)
Q) How Foremen and workers rated different job conditions ?
JOB CONDITIONS WORKER
RATING
FOREMEN
RATING
Full Appreciation of work done 1st 8th
Sympathetic help on personal problems 2nd 9th
Job security 3rd 2nd
Good Wages 4th 1st
Interest 5th 5th
Promotion and Growth 6th 3rd
Personal loyalty to workers 7th 6th
Good working conditions 8th 4th
Discipline 9th 7th
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05
10
1520253035404550
TA lab
ShopC
Mess
Bank
Canteen
Techkriti'09
Our survey on Foremen(In charge) and sub-ordinates(worker) view of Motivation:
1) Sub-ordinates View
Survey Report
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
TA labShopC
Mess
Bank
Canteen
Techkriti'09
2) Foremen View
Survey Report
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Bibliography :
1) Applied Human Relations : An organizational ApproachBy: Jack Halloran
2) Wikipedia , links given on Prof Amman Madans home page
3) Human relations at Work
By : Keith Davis
4) Motivation ManagementBy : Thad B. Green
5) Human relations in IndustryBy: B. B. Gardner
David G. Moore
6) Fundamentals of Organizational BehaviorBy : A. J. Dubrin
7) Motivating PeopleBy : Iain Maitland`
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