Pulsars · discovered November 1982 by Backer, Kulkarni, Heiles, Goss, and Davis -- pure...

PulsarsNRAO Summer Student Lecture

Dan Stinebring

4 August 1984

general

discovered in 1967 -- serendipity and Jocelyn Bell's perseveranceradio astronomer's dream

rich phenomenologyinteresting physics

neutron star interiorscoherent emission mechanism

interesting astronomyneutron star formation scenariosbinary system evolutionGalactic supernova rate

useful probes of ISM, Relativity

basic model

rotating neutron starstrong a and rotation -- > strong surface E fieldsurface effectsprimary positrons (Q * f < 0 case)large Lorentz factorspair creation cascade -- > ee - plasmaplasma instability

bunchingcoherent radio emission

pulsar phenomena

waveforms (average profiles)small duty cyclemode switchinginterpulses

2

single pulses

pulse energy variations

nulling

giant pulsessubpulses

drifting

micropulses

polarization

waveforms (Radhakrishnan and Cooke)high degree of linear and (sometimes) circular

single pulsesorthogonally polarized radiationdepolarizationsome pulses 100% polarized

pulsars as..probes

galactic distribution

scale height of progenitorsDM (Dispersion Measure) -- > ne

RM (Rotation Measure) and DM -- > <B>scintillation: ne variations; clumpiness; turbulence

binary pulsar: General Relativity probe

millisecond _oulsars

PSR 1937+214

discovered November 1982 by Backer, Kulkarni, Heiles, Goss, andDavis -- pure perseverance

1.577 millisecond period = 642 Hertzpulse and Interpulseextremely small P-dot (1.0 x 10-19 sec/sec)very young or very old?pulse emission under extreme conditions

low magnetic fieldproximity of light cylinder

0 .

3

PSR 1953+290discovered April 1983 by Boriakoff, Bucheri, and FauciCos-B error box: gamma-ray source?

but P-dot is not very large6.1 millisecond period = 163 Hertz120-day binary orbitspin-up scenariovery large duty cycle

future workother searches: are there lots or only a few?

difficulty of periodicity searches -- P-2 dependencenon-pulsed searches

high polarizationscintillationsteep spectra

comparison of "vanilla" and millisecond pulsar propertiesbank of celestial clocks

astronomers could take back time-keeping function

4

Pulsating Stars / and //, Nature reprints 1968 - 1974, MacMillan andCompany, Ltd.

ODoular leJel

Helfand, D. J., 1978, American Scientist, fbZ, 332.Weisberg, J. M. and Taylor, J. H., 1981, "The binary pulsar and general

relativity", Scientific American, 2A, 74.

monographs

Manchester, R. N. and Taylor, J. H., 1977, Pulsars, Freeman and Company.Smith, F. G., 1977, Pulsars, Cambridge University Press.

current esearch

Michel, F. C., 1982, "Theory of pulsar magnetospheres", Rev of ModPhysics, 5A, 1.

Reynolds, S. P. and Stinebring, D. R., editors, 1984, Millisecond Pulsars,NRAO Workshop Proceedings (in preparation).

Sieber, W. and Wielebinski, R., editors, 1981, Pulsars -- Proceedingsof /.A.U. Symposium No. 95, Dordrecht Reidel.

0 .

5630 Sawtelle BoulevardCulver City, California 90230April 29, 1968

,:1is S. Jocelyn Bell.:ullard R:adio Astronomy ObservatoryCambridge University, England

Dear iss Bell:

I a writing to you about the unidentified radio emissions discovered by theastronomers at Cambridge University. These pulses have created greet excitementamong scientists, and I would like to suggest a new theory about these pulses.Sir Martin Ryle, head of Cambridge University's Radio Astronomy Department, saysthat the pulses are the most exciting astronomicsl discovery of all time.

The period of silence between the pulses is exactly the same every time---1.3372795 seconds. During my research, I noticed that this figure could beindicated as 13-37-27-95. The next step would be to multiply 13 x 37, with theresult of 431. Three sepexrate encyclopedia's list an original height of481 feet for the Great Pyramid (circa 2600 E, C.).

It is possible that the 1.337 has somae special relationship to the engineeringdesign and site of the Great Pyramid. The balance of this 1.337 unit is 2795.To my astonishment, I discovered that these figures appear in order in pi--the ratio of the diameter of a circle to the circumference'.

3.14159653a979233462•43.3.-2--7--9-5....The Great Pyramid's height (481) and base-side (755) appears to show the approximateproportion: 1: 3.14159 :: 481 : 755 x 2.

I noticed that the units contain the logical pattern of 79-79, 32-32 and 38-38,with the center at 26.

The English alphabet has 26 letters.. Therefore, A equals. 1,..B equals 2, C equals

3, D euals 4--to Z equals the same 26.

A-B-C-D-E-G-G-H-I-J-K-L-M--O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-T;-X-Y-Z (totails) 351. Rechecking,I discovered that 13 x 27 (1.3 37 27 95) equals the same 351.

It is miy opinion that the radio pulses seem to have some special relationship to ,pi and to the matheatical design and location of the Great Pyramid. The pulsesmay be an attempt to ciirect our attention to the mathematical properties of theGreat Pyramid and to the possible mather tical-engineering design of the Eart.

urs ve", truliy

Kenneth Larson

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