Reading 人教修订版 高中二年级 ( 下 ) Unit 20. What do you know about the pyramids?

ReadingReading

人教修订版高中二年级

( 下 ) Unit 20

What do you know about the pyramids?

Do you know the following

archaeological discoveries?

underground finds

life-size army

Do you know the following

archaeological discoveries?

Do you know the following

archaeological discoveries?

Pre-reading

1. Describe the kinds of objects

kings and emperors in China

were buried with.

Pots and other containers filled with food, rice, grain or wine. Weapons or even armies made of clay, models of houses, palaces, life-size models of carriages and horses, valuable objects and jewellery, things, objects and tools from every day use, paintings, books and musical instruments and sometimes real people such as their wives or slaves.

2. Why were dead kings given these

objects after they died?

They were given these things to be

used in their life after death.

To continue their

luxurious life in

the nether world.

To show off their

power and wealth.

To be given to him

for his use in the

next life.

3. Scan the text and write down which o

bjects were found in the grave of the

King of Stonehenge.

The objects which students can proba

bly easily scan are: a pin, clothing, a c

oat, a knife, earrings, arrows and a bo

w, tools, weapons, pottery and jewelle

ry.

Horseshoe Shape

archergrave

Skimming

Read through the whole passage

and find out the main idea of each

paragraph.

Part 1 (para. 1): The ________ of a grave.

Part 2 (para. 2-3): _______ found in the

grave.

Part 3 (para. 4-5): The __________ of the

discovery.

discovery

Objects

importance

Part 4 (para. 6): about __________

Part 5 (para.7-8 ): about ___________ _

_________

Stonehenge

the King of S

tonehenge

Fast reading

Read the text fast and answer the

following questions.

1. Who is the King of Stonehenge?

The man found on May 3, 2002 in a

grave three miles from Stonehenge.

2. Why is he called the King of

Stonehenge?

Because he is the richest…three

miles from… when stones were

being brought…

Which objects were found in the

grave of the king of Stonehenge?

Which objects were found in the

grave of the king of Stonehenge?

a bone pin

two gold earrings

a cushion stonetwo copper

knives

tools

arrows

a bowtwo pots

objects

bone

copper

pottery

clay

stone

furgold

Which materials were found?Which materials were found?

materials

Careful ReadingCareful Reading

The discovery is important for

varieties of reasons:

His grave is the richest of any found

from that period.

The two gold earrings buried with

him are the oldest gold found in

Britain.

It shows that he was a member

of a powerful class who may

have organized the construction

of Stonehenge.

True or False

1. When the King of Stonehenge died,

he was about 50 years old.

2. From tests on his teeth, it is certain

that he spent his childhood in

England.

F

F

3. The most amazing find was two

gold earrings.

4. Stonehenge was begun around 2300

BC.

5. In terms of technical development,

people were going from the Bronze

Age to the Stone Age at that time.

T

F

F

6. It has been proven that the

copper knives came form Spain

and Western France. T

Post-readingPost-reading

From things that were found in the

grave, archaeologists now believe that

people in the Bronze Age in England

had trade and cultural links with

other parts in Europe. Give examples

of such links and what was traded.

Country or part

of Europe

Material or

objects of trade

West Wales

gold jewellery

Spain and

Western France

artefacts

stone

Europe

copper, bronze,

copper knives

some places far

from England

For trade and cultural links as well as life

in Britain and the construction of

Stonehenge, people in the Bronze Age

must have had knowledge about certain

things and certain fields of science..

Work in groups to talk about the

inventions and kinds of science they must

have had, based on the reading passage.

ActivityKnowledge, science, inventions and tools needed

1. Travel to Scotland

Roads, shoes…

2. Construction of Stonehenge

language

Hammers, rope, something to transport heavy stones, architecture…

3. Hunting

4. Trade

with Europe

5. Making

copper

knives

Money or goods to trade,

boats, bags, maps,

language,…

Fire, chemistry, physics,

pots, hammers,…

Rope, string, bow,

arrows, spear, sticks…

1. On May 3, 2002, archaeologists in

England found a grave of a man dating

back to around 2300 BC.

2002 年 5 月 3 日 , 英国考古学家发现了一座墓穴。这座墓穴可以追溯到公元前 2300 年左右。

Explanation

date back to (= date from) 始于 , 起源于 , 追溯到 ; 多用于一般

现在时态中e.g. This castle dates from the 14th

century.

Our partnership dates back to

1960.

2. Many men were buried under-grou

nd when there was an accident at th

e mine.

矿上发生意外事故时 , 许多矿工都被埋在地下。

bury oneself in 专心致志于 , 埋头于be buried in thought 沉思e.g. He buried himself in his work.

Buried in his book, he didn’t notice

me entering the room.

3. He was buried on his left side with

his face to the north.

on: 以……为支撑点e.g. He is used to sleeping on his back.

The boy often walks on tiptoe.

e.g. The woman came in with a baby

in her arms.

The weather was even colder with

the wind blowing.

He usually works in his study with

the door locked.

“with+ 名词 + 介词短语 /-ing/ -ed” 作状 语 , 表示伴随动作或性质。

4. Buried with him were the tools of a

hunter or warrior.

该句为倒装句 , 表语置于句首时 ,

倒装结构为“表语 + 系动词 + 主语”。 e.g. Present at the meeting were Prof

essor White, Professor Smith and man

y other guests.

5. Some of the objects found in the grave

give us an idea of how he was dressed wh

en he was buried.

found in the grave 是过去分词作定语 give sb. an idea of 使某人明白 e.g. The book will give you an idea of

what everyday life of ordinary

Americans is like.

6. 情态动词＋ have don

e must/may/might+have done ( 肯定 )

对过去事实的推理

e.g. He might have given your more help,

they were busy. I can’t find my pen

anywhere. I must have lost it.

can +have done 表示对过去事实疑问和否定的推测e.g. He can’t have finished the work so

soon.

could + have done 意为“过去能够 ,

而事实上却没有” , 表示一种遗憾e.g. He always works hard. He could

have passed the exam.

should / ought to +have done 意为“过去应该…但没有…” , 有责备对方的意思e.g. You should have told me the news

an hour ago.

shouldn’t / oughtn’t to +have done 意为“过去不应该…，却…” , 意在责备对方e.g. You shouldn’t have told him the

news. He was nearly sad to death.

needn’t + have done 意为“过去本没有必要 ..… 却……”e.g. There was plenty of time, she

needn’t have hurried.

might + have done 表示“过去本可以… . 却没有…”e.g. They might have given you more

help, though they were busy.

7. Only a few centimetres from his head w

ere two pots made of clay, …

地点状语＋谓语＋主语 ; 谓语往往是 be,

lie, stand, sit, live 等表示客观存在的动词 e.g. In the village lived an old man, both

whose sons were serving in the army.

Nearby were two boats in which they

came to the island.

8. spare adj. 备用的 ; 额外的 ; 多余的 a spare room 预备的房间 a spare tire 备用轮胎 I have little spare time.

我没有什么余暇。 in one’s spare time

在某人闲暇的时候

spare vt. 匀出 ; 分出 spare no efforts 不遗余力 e.g. Can you spare me just a few

minutes?

There’s no time to spare.

Spare the rod and spoil the child.

[ 谚 ] 孩子不打不成器 , 娇养忤逆儿。 ( 省了棍子坏了孩子。 )

9. The discovery is important for a vari

ety of reasons.

由于种种原因 , 这项发现非常重要。 a variety of 形形色色的 , 种种的e.g. a collection of a variety of

butterflies

收集各式各样的蝴蝶

There are a wide variety of people o

n the earth.

variety store 杂货店variety show 综艺节目

10. tend to 有某种倾向 ; 有…的趋势e.g. People under stress tend to express

their full range of potential.

处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全 部的潜力。 Laziness tends to poverty.

懒易致穷

Boys tend to be bigger than girls.

Jane tends to get angry if you

disagree with her.

It tends to rain here a lot in

spring.

11. average n. 平均数 e.g. The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.

4 、 8 和 60 的平均数是 24 。 平均；平均水平e.g. What is the average rainfall for

August in your country?

His results is the average.

on (an) average 通常 ; 按平均e.g. We fail one student per year on

average.

我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。

12. convey vt.

(1) 运送 ; 运输 e.g. The truck conveyed machinery

across the country.

这辆卡车在全国各地运送机器。 Wires convey electricity.

金属线导电。

(2) 通知 ; 通报 ; 传［表 , 转］达 e.g. I will convey the information to him.

I can’t convey my feelings in words.

The ambassador personally

conveyed the president's message to

the premier.

13. link vt./ vi.

( 常与 together, to, with 连用 ) 连接 ,

联合 e.g. The two towns are linked by a

railway.

The new bridge will link the island

to the mainland.

be linked to / have links with

与… …有联系e.g. Sichuan have trade links with the

Yangtze River.

14. have a hand in

参与 , 插手 , 对某事物负部分责任e.g. I can’t promise much. I’m not

the only one that has a hand in

things in this town.

I bet he had a hand in it.

at hand 即将来到 ; 在手边by hand 用手from hand to mouth 仅够糊口地hand in hand 手牵手 ,携手take…in hand 担负起…的责任wash one’s hands of 洗手不干

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