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7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study
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ContentsIntroduction 4
About the Case Studies 5
Lessons 6
Spatial policies for renewable energy 8
Criteria-based policies for renewable energy 12
Spatial policies for Low Carbon Heat 13
Evidence base 16
Consultation and testing at Examination 18
Conclusions and lessons 19
This case study was prepared for PAS by BPP Consulting.
July 2013
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Paragraph 97 of the NPPF advises that to help
increase the use and supply of renewable and low
carbon energy local planning authorities should
consider identifying suitable areas for renewable
and low carbon energy sources, and supporting
infrastructure, where this would help secure the
development of such sources. The footnote to the
policy makes it clear that where plans identify areas
as suitable for renewable and low-carbon energy
development, they should set out what criteria have
determined their selection, including for what size
of development the areas are considered suitable.
Authorities should also have policies to ensure any
adverse impacts are addressed satisfactorily.
Identifying suitable areas for such developments
implies a degree of spatial specicity in plans,
through mapping or describing broad or specic
locations where opportunities may exist and where
development might be most appropriate and
encouraged.
The case studies illustrate how some planning
authorities with recently adopted or emerging
plans are taking a spatial approach to policies
on renewable energy. Spatial identication of
opportunities is most common for district heating
and combined heating and cooling but there are a
few examples of for freestanding renewable energy
developments, such as wind turbines.
It is early days in terms of implementation. The
policies are fairly new, so the authorities haven't yet
seen how they are working out in practice.
However, the case studies do illustrate that some of
the fundamentals of good plan-making apply to this
area of planning, like any other:
policies need to be supported by a robust
evidence base that has been used exibly
according to local circumstances
consult widely and early on the evidence base
and resultant polices to avoid surprises and
reduce risks of challenge.
consider whether separate policies are
required reecting different components of
carbon reduction (energy efciency, district
heating, renewable energy development) and
the different types of developer and possible
delivery mechanisms
ensure policies are exible to reect viability,
costs and constraints, and robust to changes in
technology and economic circumstances.
Introduction
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 4
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About the Case Studies
The case studies are drawn from urban and rural,
metropolitan and two tier planning authorities.
These authorities have recently adopted plans or
have plans at an advanced stage of preparation
with explicit spatial policies and/or supporting
text that identies suitable areas for renewable
and low carbon energy sources and supporting
infrastructure. Spatial policies are set within wider
policies on the delivery of renewable energy as
summarised below.
We looked at how these authorities are approaching
the issues:
Bristol City Council
Darlington Borough Council
Hastings Borough Council
Richmondshire District Council
South Staffordshire Council
Manchester City Council
Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council
For further details on these councils and their plans,
see Appendix A.
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 5
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Lessons
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 6
Based on the experiences of the authorities featured
here the following lessons can be highlighted. In
general though, the same principles which apply to
good plan-making overall also apply to this area of
policy making:
Prepare a robust evidence base
use of external independent expertise is
important in developing a robust evidence base
with the expertise used to support the planning
authority at examination
collaboration with other authorities in preparing
the evidence base helps consideration of a wider
geographic area strategically (and identifying
where realistic opportunities may be) and also
brings economies of scale
be prepared to adapt how you use evidence to
inform and defend policy in the light of feedback
from consultation if necessary.
Avoid misinterpreting information
an Energy Opportunities Map or similar can be
used to provide a spatial steer to developers and
form the basis for dialogue. It should not imply
development will necessarily be permitted in
identied areas or will not be permitted outside
of these
it may be helpful to use consultants that have
developed the evidence base (renewable
and low carbon capacity, constraints and
opportunities) to advise on framing of policies to
ensure accurate interpretation of information.
Achieve a balance between specicity and exibility
ensure policies are exible to reect viability,
costs and constraints, and be robust to changes
in technology and economic circumstances
combine identication of opportunities and
priorities spatially with criteria in policies against
which proposals can be considered to address
potential impacts and constraints
consider use of landscape character
assessments and sensitivity assessments
to help assess its capacity to accommodate
renewable energy installations and consider
proposals
apply policies in a pragmatic way, ensuring
viability of developments is maintained while
reducing carbon emissions. Be clear about
delivery mechanisms
be clear who the audience is for different policies
or components of policies (energy efciency,
carbon savings, district heating, renewable
energy development)
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and consider framing policies to reect this
consider preparing additional guidance to assist
interpretation and implementation of complex
policies, for example for energy and carbon
standards exceeding Building Regulations
masterplanning presents an opportunity to
design-in renewable and low carbon energy,
including district heating infrastructure, to
developments at an early stage.
Understand and explain the links between policy
objectives
climate change mitigation policies (e.g. district
heating, and renewable energy development)
have different audiences and delivery
mechanisms but are all necessary to promote
the common objective of reducing greenhouse
gas emissions.
Ensure you engage parties early on
getting buy-in from developers, development
management, senior management, and
politicians at an early stage, and where possible
ongoing training, is essential so that the
evidence base and policies are understood and
implemented as intended.
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 7
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 8
Spatial policies have been produced which apply to
free-standing renewable energy installations (which
include wind turbines and wind farms, but could also
apply to hydro power, and large solar photovoltaic
arrays, biomass-red plants including combined
heat and power plants). The approaches to spatial
policy for renewables vary and include:
Identication of areas with potential for
renewable (generally wind) energy development
on a map associated with the policy
description in policy of broad or specic
locations suitable for renewable or low carbon
energy development
eference in policy and/or supporting text to areas
identied as suitable for renewable energy in the
supporting evidence base
reference in the supporting text to areas of
opportunity identied in the evidence base
(energy studies).
Hastings Core Strategy Policy
SC6provides support for renewable energy
facilities that meet criteria in the policy including
scale and cumulative impact on landscape and
built environment, impact on community, economy,
biodiversity and historic interests, and on areas
covered by national landscape or heritage
designations. The supporting text refers to the
evidence base (Hastings Renewable and Low
Carbon Energy Study, 2009) which identied
potential for wind energy in two locations at Combe
Valley Countryside Park (within both the Hastings
and Rother areas) and at Hastings Country Park
which are identied on the Key Diagram along with
the locations with potential for low carbon heat.
This potential is further being explored through
the allocation of one potential site for harnessing
wind (SiteFB12) in the emerging Development
Management Plan (Proposed Submission January
2013).
Positive policies supporting renewable
energy development and identifying areas
of potential are necessary to help achieve
objectives and targets for reducing carbon
emissions including offsetting those
associated with growth proposed in the
Planning Strategy.
Stephanie Roots, Senior Planning Ofcer,
Hastings Borough Council
Spatial policies for renewable energy
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 9
Figure 1 Hastings Core Strategy Key Diagram identifying 5 Potential Areas of Search for Renewable
Energy (orange discs)
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 10
South Staffordshirealso identies
locations with greatest renewable energy (wind,
small-scale hydro, and biomass) potential on a
map in the Core Strategy, reproduced from the
supporting Staffordshire County Wide Renewable/
Low Energy Carbon Study. Policy EQ6 also
identies the potential for wind energy development
in the District as four large-scale turbines, and
sets out criteria against which proposals will be
considered. Although the policy does not make
reference to particular locations, the supporting
text refers to the map of Locations with Renewable
Energy Potential which includes four potential sites
of greatest opportunity for wind development (for
3 or more turbines) as included in the Renewable
Energy Study.
Darlington Core Strategy Policy
CS3provides support for renewable energy. The
text identies wind energy as having the greatest
potential to contribute to the Boroughs renewable
electricity supply. Assessments of wind speeds,
technical and environmental constraints as well
as the potential landscape and visual impact are
to be used to help identify sustainable locations
appropriate for wind energy development. It also
identies Darlingtons urban fringe including the
strategic development locations identied in Policy
CS1 as being suitable for small-scale wind energy.
However this potential is not explicitly identied on
the Key Diagram.
Richmondshires Submission
Core Strategy Policy CP1makes
it clear that proposals will be supported and
encouraged that reect and respond positively
to the Richmondshire Local Renewable and Low
Carbon Energy Capacity Study (2012) and the
studys Energy Opportunities Map (EOM). The
EOM identies areas where there are specic
physical, social and environmental constraints that
would restrict renewable and low carbon energy
delivery, and also identies areas where there might
be specic spatial opportunities; such as delivery
of infrastructure accompanying strategic growth.
Although renewable energy schemes are not
explicitly precluded outside these areas, the EOM
represents the most promising areas for renewable
and low carbon energy generation. The map only
identies where there may be opportunities and not
where proposals will necessarily be permitted.
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 11
Figure 2 Richmondshire evidence base Energy Opportunities Map (referred to in Core Strategy Policy
CP1) identifying Potential Wind Resource (hatched area in north east of plan area) and Viable Residential
Heat Demand (for district heating) (orange areas)
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Criteria-based policies for renewable energy
In addition to identifying opportunities spatially,
the case study Core Strategies include policies
that set out criteria against which proposals will be
considered within the policies for renewable and low
carbon energy. These commonly include factors
reecting policy or environmental constraints,
and potential impacts of renewable energy
developments including:
natural, built, historic and cultural landscape and
townscape including buildings, features, habitats
and species of international, national and local
importance
residential amenity including visual intrusion, air,
dust, noise, odour, trafc generation, recreation
and access
transport infrastructure and the local highway
network
cumulative impact.
They also include technology-specic factors,
particularly wind turbines. The visual impact of
wind development in particular is addressed in
most policies, commonly requiring use of landscape
character assessments and sensitivity frameworks
such as by Richmondshire, and of the criteria used
to identify areas suitable for wind development
reecting paragraph 98 of the NPPF, such as by
South Staffordshire.
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 12
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Spatial policies for Low Carbon Heat
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 13
All of the Core Strategy (Local Plan) case studies
identify the potential for district heating spatially
through:
describing broad locations within the policy
identifying locations on a separate map
accompanying the policy
identifying locations on the Key Diagram
reference to the evidence base (energy studies
including heat mapping) used to inform and
support the policy.
Bristol identies and maps Heat Priority Areas.
Core Strategy Policy BCS14 expects development
to incorporate infrastructure for district heating
where feasible, reecting a heat hierarchy that
prioritises connection to existing heat networks and
site-wide renewable CHP over fossil fuelled (gas)
community CHP, with individual building renewable
heating as the least favoured.
Darlingtons Core Strategy Policy CS1 identies
the strategic development areas including the Town
Centre and Town Centre Fringe where development
should include biomass/combined heat and power
installations and district heating and cooling
networks. Policy CS3 supports renewable and
low carbon energy giving signicant weight to its
environmental, social and economic benets while
requiring potential impacts, including cumulative
effects, to be considered and mitigated. It also
requires developments to connect to district heating
schemes where opportunities exist.
Hastings Planning Strategy Policy SC5 identies
potential opportunities for combined heat and
power and district heating networks at three heat-
density opportunity areas where opportunities
will be explored for Combined Heat and Power
systems connected to district heating networks (in
the vicinity of the Hospital, Sports Centre, and town
centre). The Proposed Submission Development
Management Plan includes Site Allocations, where
proponents are expected to investigate the potential
for district heating and/or combined heat and power.
Richmondshires Core Strategy draft Policy CP1
refers to the Energy Opportunities Map (EOM) which
identies 3 areas where district heating islikely to
be most feasible. Most development is small scale
with no major strategic development sites and so
the focus for development is at Catterick Garrison
where the major opportunity for district heating
exists, particularly as a masterplan for the site could
incorporate district heating and associated
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 14
infrastructure at the outset.
Manchester s Core Strategy Policy EN5
identies broad Strategic Areas for low and zero
carbon decentralised energy infrastructure in the
City Centre, Airport, major development sites,
and strategic housing and employment locations.
Developments are expected to have energy
proposals plans detailing measures to incorporate
low and zero carbon energy infrastructure. Policy
EN7 has a presumption in favour of low and zero
carbon decentralised energy generally, subject
to criteria being met, with the supporting text
identifying the main sources to deliver the capacity
(opportunities for which to be identied in energy
proposals plans).
Also in Greater Manchester, Stockports Core
Strategy Development Management Policy
SD-3 identies two types of area that have distinct
energy opportunities identied spatially in its Energy
Opportunities Plan:
Network Development Area: where the proximity
of new and existing buildings creates sufcient
density to support district heating and/or cooling
networks (potential district heating areas on
the Energy Opportunities Plan); and
Microgeneration Area: locations where lower
densities and a fragmented mix of uses mean
that only building scale solutions are possible (in
effect the rest of the Borough).
Development Management Policy SD-4 requires
that new development in Network Development
Areas, where technically feasible and nancially
viable, should consider district heating to help
deliver carbon reductions.
A number of other emerging plans do not identify
areas that may be suitable for renewable energy,
on the basis that the information on resource
availability and constraints may not be sufciently
robust to delineate suitable areas.
Instead, policies often require proposals to be
considered with reference to Landscape Character
The potential for district heating networks to
be developed will need to be reected in and
encouraged by masterplans incorporating
district heating infrastructure, to ensure
effective coordination across sites and related
infrastructure.
John Hiles, Planning Policy Ofcer Hambleton
and Richmondshire District Councils
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 15
Assessments and assessments of relative
sensitivity (to wind and large-scale solar, individually
and cumulatively) of landscape character types.
This includes areas with experience of large-sale
renewable energy developments and pressure
for further development e.g. North Devon and
Torridge (Local Plan consultation draft, January
2013), Cornwall Council (Local Plan pre submission
General Policies March 2013), Northumberland
Local Development Plan Core Strategy Preferred
Options (Consultation Document: February 2013).
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 16
All of the Core Strategy case studies were
supported by a renewable and low carbon energy
study. The approaches to preparing the evidence
base are similar. The evidence base usually
has been prepared by independent technical
consultants and includes all or some of the following
components:
Evidence to support energy efciency and
carbon reduction standards beyond the Building
Regulations, for example identifying current and
projected emissions and the contribution that
may be made to reducing emissions through
tighter standards usually with reference to
national standards such as BREEAM and Code
for Sustainable Homes.
Heat mapping identifying areas of high current or
potential heat demand and consumption and/or
surplus heat generation where district heating or
combined heat and power may be most feasible.
These are generally more densely developed
urban areas with a mix of uses with a constant
heat (or cooling) demand, where there may be
anchor heat loads (swimming pools, hotels,
hospitals or types of industry, or where major
development is proposed).
Renewable energy potential, assessing the
presence and distribution of resources (average
wind speed, hydro, biomass) and constraints
to deployment, identifying the theoretical and
practical potential generation from different
resources and areas where development may
be appropriate.
Often strategic energy assessments undertaken to
support Regional Spatial Strategy policy were used,
with additional local studies providing more detailed
authority-specic evidence.
Consultation on the energy assessments helped to
build awareness and understanding of the emerging
evidence base prior to consultation on resultant
policies. In Staffordshire, consultation events
were led by the consultants that prepared the joint
Staffordshire County Wide Renewable/Low Energy
Carbon Study, involving developers, politicians and
other interested parties.
Evidence base
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Similar stakeholder events were held as part of
AGMA Decentralised and Zero Energy Carbon
Planning study in Greater Manchester to build
awareness and take on board views from
developers and public, and additional specic
consultation on energy policies was undertaken as
part of CS consultation.
Examples emerged of specic consultation
events on energy policy over and above normal
consultation on emerging plans, although Bristol
held a specic stakeholder event on climate change
as part of the consultation on the Publication version
of the Plan.
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 17
A sound evidence base is required to
demonstrate deliverability of policies including
as far as possible, consideration of the effects
on development viability.
Katrina Holt, Senior Planner
Manchester City Council
Collaboration with other authorities in
preparing the evidence base is important in
considering a wider area strategically (and
identifying where realistic opportunities may
be) and also has economies of scale.
Kelly Harris, Local Plans Team Leader
South Staffordshire Council
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As with other types of development, early
engagement with interested parties including
developers, community groups and parish councils,
pressure groups and councillors helps to develop
understanding of the issues and identify and resolve
areas of real and potential concern.
Darlington identied and mapped in its Preferred
Options consultation draft Core Strategy an Area of
Least Constraint (with Least Visual and Landscape
Impact).Karen Johnson of Darlington Borough
Council explains that the consultation identied little
support for identication of Areas of Least Constraint
(for wind) in the plan, with objections including
communities and the wind energy industry that was
concerned that the approach would not be exible
to adapt to changes in technology that proposals
should be considered on their merits, and areas
outside of that identied may prove suitable for wind
energy development.
As a result the mapping of areas based on
windspeed and relative constraints was not included
in the adopted Plan.
Common challenges to spatial policies include the
lack of exibility resulting from identifying suitable
areas, and the implication that proposals outside
of these will not be appropriate. Clarity over what
identication of locations implies in terms of areas
of greatest opportunity rather than preferred areas
outside of which proposals will not be permitted, is
therefore important in framing policy.
The inspector agreed that this part of the policy
may be misleading and so misrepresented the Core
Strategy intentions, impacting on its effectiveness
(and so soundness). Reference to the map was
therefore removed from policy itself but retained in
the supporting text).
By not restricting development to the areas mapped,
the policy was found to be sufciently exible.
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 18
Consultation and testing at Examination
A sound evidence base is necessary but the
authority should be exible in how it uses it and
not be afraid of changing its approach reecting
issues raised at consultation.
Karen Johnson, Darlington Borough Council
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It is still early days in terms of plans containing
explicitly spatial policies identifying suitable areas
for renewable and low carbon energy. Those
that have recognise that identication of broad or
specic areas where opportunities for renewable
and low carbon energy exists may provide a useful
steer to potential developers as to areas where
proposals may be considered to be generally
appropriate.
However, developments will also need to be
otherwise acceptable and meet a range of
criteria. Mapping of suitable areas with potential/
opportunity based on constraints and resource
(e.g. wind speed) cannot consider all local issues,
impacts and merits of development. It may
also be misinterpreted if not carefully drafted, to
imply that development outside of such areas
is inappropriate. This can be an unintended
consequence of attempting to prepare a positive
strategy.
Identifying suitable locations for district heating
in policy may be more straightforward than for
free-standing renewable energy developments,
generally being existing urban or major
development areas, particularly if in proximity to
existing heat generators and major consumers.
Implementation of district heating is proving difcult
given the complexity and costs of ensuring that
the heat generation capacity, heat distribution
pipework, and secure market for heat are all in
place at the right time.
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 19
Conclusions and lessons
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Appendix A authority and contact details
Bristol City Council
Core Strategy (adopted June 2011) provides general support for renewable energy including large-scale
free-standing installations, and accords signicant weight to the benets of such developments. While
the policy does not identify locations for free-standing renewable installations, the supporting text refers to
the City-wide Sustainable Energy Study and identies Avonmouth as having potential for development of
energy from waste and biomass, and for commercial scale wind farms.
Michael Wilberforce, Senior Planning Policy Ofcer
t 0117 90 36693 e. michael.wilberforce@bristol.gov.uk
Darlington Borough Council
Core Strategy (adopted in May 2011) policies support renewable and low carbon energy developments
generally, with criteria against which proposals will be considered. It supports such development giving
signicant weight to its environmental, social and economic benets while requiring potential impacts,
including cumulative effects, to be considered and mitigated. The supporting text advises that assessments
of wind speeds, technical and environmental constraints as well as the potential landscape and visual
impact studies of wind development in the north east of the Borough are to be used to help identify
sustainable locations appropriate for wind energy development.
Karen Johnson
t. 01325 388047 e. Karen.Johnson@darlington.gov.uk
Stephanie Roots, Senior Planning Ofcer
t. 01424 783329 e. sroots@hastings.gov.uk
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 20
mailto:michael.wilberforce@bristol.gov.ukmailto:Karen.Johnson@darlington.gov.ukmailto:sroots@hastings.gov.ukmailto:sroots@hastings.gov.ukmailto:Karen.Johnson@darlington.gov.ukmailto:michael.wilberforce@bristol.gov.uk7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study
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Hastings Borough Council
The Planning (Core) Strategy Submission draft examined February 2013) contains a suite of policies
addressing renewable and zero carbon development. This includes an energy hierarchy to identify the
most suitable and cost effective method of achieving low carbon development, and offset emissions
forecast to arise from development over the plan period. It prioritises energy efciency, then on-site
renewable energy generation or on-site connected heating, or combined heat/cooling and power and then
suitable additional measures such as larger CHP or district heating systems or Mega Watt (MW) scale
wind. The Development Management Plan (Proposed Submission January 2013) Site Allocations include
sites with potential for low carbon and renewable energy.
Stephanie Roots, Senior Planning Ofcer
t. 01424 783329 e. sroots@hastings.gov.uk
Richmondshire District Council
The submitted Local Plan Core Strategy (February 2013) contains 3 components: Supporting renewable
and Low Carbon Energy; Ensuring carbon savings in existing and new development; and Climate Change
adaptation. Policy CP1 supports and encourages renewable and low carbon energy that responds
positively to the opportunities identied in the Richmondshire Local Renewable and Low Carbon Energy
Capacity Study (2012) and the studys Energy Opportunities Map and meets criteria set out in the policy
including landscape and visual impact (based on a landscape sensitivity framework) and community
benets plus areas of potential wind resource. The supporting text makes it clear that although the
deployment of renewable energy will not be precluded outside these areas, the EOM is considered to
represent the most promising areas for renewable and low carbon energy generation.
John Hiles, Planning Policy Ofcer, Hambleton and Richmondshire District Councils
t. 01748 827025 e. John.Hiles@Richmondshire.gov.uk
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 21
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South Staffordshire Council
Core Strategy (adopted in December 2012) Policy EQ6 sets a target for renewable energy generation in
the plan area, supporting development of biomass-fuelled heat and power generally and including criteria
against which proposals are to be considered. The supporting text identies biomass as the preferred
resource and technology to deliver carbon reduction standards. A Design Guide is being developed which
will be include advice to householders on energy efciency and renewable energy.
Kelly Harris, Local Plans Team Leader
t. 01902 696317 e. k.harris@sstaffs.gov.uk
Manchester City Council
The Core Strategy adopted in July 2012 contains a suite of policies (EN4, EN5, EN6 and EN7) encouraging
renewable and low carbon energy, and carbon reduction. Policy EN4 aims to reduce carbon emissions
through, where possible, development locating close to, and being designed to, enable connection to low or
zero carbon supplies.
Katrina Holt, Senior Planner
t. 0161 234 4570 e. k.holt@manchester.gov.uk
Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council
Core Strategy (adopted in March 2011) Policy CS1 requires all development to demonstrate how it will
contribute towards reducing the Boroughs carbon footprint by achieving carbon management standards.
The Core Strategy seeks to identify and enable opportunities for low and/or zero carbon developments
and includes an Energy Opportunities Plan. A suite of development management policies covering
energy efcient design, incorporation of low carbon and renewable technologies in existing dwellings and
identifying opportunity areas for heat and renewable energy provide for implementation of the policy.
Angie Jukes, Health & Environment Advisor (Planning)
t: 0161 474 4385 e: angie.jukes@stockpot.gov.uk
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 22
mailto:k.harris@sstaffs.gov.ukmailto:k.holt@manchester.gov.ukmailto:angie.jukes@stockpot.gov.ukmailto:angie.jukes@stockpot.gov.ukmailto:k.holt@manchester.gov.ukmailto:k.harris@sstaffs.gov.uk7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study
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References
Bristol City Council:
Core Strategy: http://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/les/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/
planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20
Strategy%20June%202011.pdf
CS evidence base Bristol Citywide Sustainable Energy Study http://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/les/
documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20
Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdf
Darlington Borough Council:
Core Strategy: http://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/corestrategy.htm
CS evidence base: Decentralised Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Study 2009 and Update to 2009
Decentralised Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Study Final Report, (Entec July 2010)
Wind Farm Development and Landscape Capacity Studies: East Durham Limestone and Tees Plain (Arup
2008 for Association of North East Councils), and addendum report 2009
http://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/background.htm
Hastings Borough Council:
Planning Strategy: http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/
planningstrategysubmission
Development Management Plan: http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/
localplan/documents/#dpd_report
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 23
http://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/corestrategy.htmhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/background.htmhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/documents/#dpd_reporthttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/planningstrategysubmissionhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/background.htmhttp://www.darlington.gov.uk/Living/Planning/Planning+Policy/corestrategy.htmhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdfhttp://www.bristol.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/planning_and_building_regulations/planning_policy/local_development_framework/Bristol%20Development%20Framework%20Core%20Strategy%20June%202011.pdf7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study
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Local Plan evidence base: Hastings Borough Renewable and Low Carbon Energy Study,
(Element Energy 2009) http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_
documents/renewable_energy_study/
Manchester City Council:
Core Strategy: http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_
development_plan
Evidence base: Decentralised and Zero Energy Carbon Planning (Urbed/AECOM/Quantum
for AGMA, June 2010) http://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/
localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/
Richmondshire District Council:
Core Strategy: http://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/planning/planningpolicy/corestrategy.aspx
CS evidence base: Richmondshire Local Plan Renewable and Low Carbon Study (AECOM,
August 2012) http://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20
Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdf
South Staffordshire Council:
Core Strategy: http://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%20
2012.pdf
Examination: http://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_
plans/core_strategy/examination.aspx
CS evidence base: Staffordshire County-wide Renewable / Low Carbon Energy Study (CAMCO,
September 2010)
http://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_
ISSUED.pdf
Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 24
http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/planning/planningpolicy/corestrategy.aspxhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.tamworth.gov.uk/PDF/Staffordshire_LDF%20Evidence%20Base%20Report_V7_ISSUED.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/your_services/strategic_services/planning_policy_-_local_plans/core_strategy/examination.aspxhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.sstaffs.gov.uk/pdf/ADOPTED%20Core%20Strategy%20December%202012.pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/pdf/TE010%20Renewable%20and%20Low%20Carbon%20Energy%20Study%20(August%202012).pdfhttp://www.richmondshire.gov.uk/planning/planningpolicy/corestrategy.aspxhttp://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.trafford.gov.uk/environmentandplanning/strategicplanning/localdevelopmentframework/agmadecentralisedenergystudy/http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/4964/core_strategy_development_planhttp://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/http://www.hastings.gov.uk/environment_planning/planning/localplan/ldf_documents/renewable_energy_study/7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study
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Renewable energy and local plan policies - case study 25
Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council
Core Strategy: http://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfc
orestrategydpd?view=Standard
Evidence base: including Decentralised and Zero Energy Carbon Planning (Urbed/AECOM/
Quantum for AGMA, June 2010)
http://www.stockport.gov.uk/services/environment/planningbuilding/planningpolicy/ldf/ldfevidence
http://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standardhttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standardhttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/services/environment/planningbuilding/planningpolicy/ldf/ldfevidencehttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/services/environment/planningbuilding/planningpolicy/ldf/ldfevidencehttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standardhttp://www.stockport.gov.uk/2013/2994/developmentcontrol/planningpolicy/LDF/ldfcorestrategydpd?view=Standard7/29/2019 Renewable Energy and Local Plan PoliciesCase Study
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