View
233
Download
5
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
St. Michael’s RC School
Non-renewableEnergy
St. Michael’s RC School
17%
9%
1%
32%
41%coal
nuclear
HEP and otherrenewablesoil
natural gas
Energy sources – Britain (2002)
St. Michael’s RC School
Non-renewable energy resources
Non-renewable types of energy can only be used once. There is a finite amount of these materials on the Earth so they will run out eventually.Non-renewable resources make up approximately 95% of the world’s energy.
fossil fuels
nuclearcoal
gasoil
fuelwood
Non-renewable energy
biomass
mineral
St. Michael’s RC School
Fossil fuels
Oil, coal and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels. They were formed from biological deposits millions of years ago.
Oil Coal Natural gas
St. Michael’s RC School
Animation showing the formation of fossil fuels
St. Michael’s RC School
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
NaturalGas
Oil Coal
ESTIMATEDRESERVES
Fossil fuels – how much is left ?
Why are these only ‘estimated’ reserves ?
St. Michael’s RC School
Look at these photographs.
What impact do these thermal power stations have on the environment?
Over 90% of Britain’s energy comes from gas, coal and oil, thermal power stations.
Thermal power stations
St. Michael’s RC School
electricity pylons
steam from the cooling towers
buildings
Thermal power stations
St. Michael’s RC School
OIL GAS COAL
Match the sentences to the different types of fuel.(some statements may apply to more than one fuel)
power stations associated with this fuel are located on deep coastal estuaries
fuel can be easily transportedproduces a smaller amount of greenhouse gases than the other fossil fuels when burnt
power stations associated with this fuel are located near the supply of fuel
the fuel heats water to produce steam
fuel is bulky
fuel may only last between 30-60 years
there is a danger of spillage with this fuel
this fuel produces just under 50% of the electricity in the UK
St. Michael’s RC School
Impact of burning fossil fuels – Acid Rain
St. Michael’s RC School
Acid rain has attacked these limestone buildings
St. Michael’s RC School
Impact of burning fossil fuels – Greenhouse Effect
St. Michael’s RC School
Combustion of fossil fuels
How can these pollutants be reduced?
gas flue desulphurization(water is sprayed down the chimneys and this turns
the gases to sulphuric and nitric acids)
construct taller chimneys
or, we could use less energy, more efficiently.
fluidized bed technology(limestone is burnt with the coal so the sulphur
remains with the limestone)
burn coal with less sulphur
or, we could use more nuclear or renewable energy
St. Michael’s RC School
Nuclear
Nuclear energy is made from the mineral, uranium. These power stations are often located by the coast or on estuaries where there is water for cooling.
France has 55 nuclear power stations. This one is in the Rhone Valley.
St. Michael’s RC School
Nuclear
uranium =25 000 tonnes of coal
0ne tonne of uranium can produce the same amount of electricity as 25,000 tonnes of coal.
What are the other advantages of nuclear power?
St. Michael’s RC School
Nuclear disaster! On April 25th 1986 there was a major nuclear accident in Chernobyl in the Former Soviet Union. 4,000 died in radiation related diseases and thyroid cancer is up 10 fold in this Ukrainian area. Chernobyl was decommissioned in December 2000 but it will need to be contained for hundreds of years to prevent further leaks.
The accident didn’t just have an impact on the local area. The cloud of radioactive gas reached Britain on May 3rd 1986 and the radioactivity was deposited by rain. One area that was particularly affected was North Wales. This area received heavy rain at the beginning of May. The government banned the slaughter of sheep within North Wales for three weeks.
1) How far did the radioactivity travel in the eight days? (use an atlas to help)
2) Why did the government ban the slaughter of sheep in North Wales?
St. Michael’s RC School
Nuclear or fossil fuels?
Nuclear energy will cause a loss of mining jobs
Nuclear energy is the clean fuel of the futureWhat about nuclear waste?
There is worry about nuclear disasters
Fossil fuels will run out
Fossil fuels cause pollution
Terminals and refineries take up space
There have been no serious nuclear accidents in Britain
Nuclear power is too costly to be used for heating and transport
It is very expensive to decommission old nuclear power stations
Oil and gas could be exhausted by 2040
Only small amounts of uranium are needed in nuclear power stations
St. Michael’s RC School
Types of energy
St. Michael’s RC School
Which type?
Recommended