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Animals: Chordatesall vertebrates are chordates, but not all chordates are
vertebrates...
Phylum Chordata All animals in this phylum have a Notochord during development!
Notochord = dorsal hollow nerve cord
see left side picture
Chordates are broken down into 3 Sub-Phyla
Sub-Phylum Urochordata
Sub-Phylum Cephalochordata
Sub-Phylum Vertebrata
Groups with No Vertebrae!!!Sub-Phylum Urochordata
Sea Squirts& Tunicates
Sub-Phylum Cephalochordata
Lancelets
Sub-Phylum VertebrataAll animals in this group are Vertebrates = have a backbone!! (develops from the notochord)
Basic Characteristics
Bilateral Symmetry
Complete Body Cavity with tissue
Closed Circulatory System( heart, veins, arteries)
Complex Brain and sense organs
Efficient respiratory system (gills,lungs)
Broken into five classes: Fishes, Aves(birds), Reptiles, Amphibians, Mammals
Vertebrates - Group “Fishes” Ectotherms - heat from the outside environment aka“cold blooded”
2 chambered heart
most have scales
breathe underwater using gills
Fish are divided into three groups:
Class Agnatha
Class Chondrichthyes
Class Osteichthyes
Class Agnatha
No scales - produce mucus
No jaws
Gills with gill slits
Cartilaginous Skeleton
Examples are Hagfish and Lamprey
Class ChondrichthyesScales with Dentides (like sandpaper)
Jaws with bony teeth
Cartilaginous skeleton
Gills with gill slits
Lateral Line system - pits down side of body that allow them to sense vibrations in the water
sense electrical impulses
Amazing sense of smell ( 1 drop of blood in an olympic size pool)
Examples include Sharks, Skates and Rays
Chondrichthyes : Skates and Rays
Chondrichthyes : Skates and Rays
“Mermaid’s Purse”
Chondrichthyes : Sharks
Chondrichthyes : Sharks
Basking Sharks and Whale Sharks are huge! But they are
filter feeders and eat tiny crustaceans like krill.
Chondrichthyes : Sharks
Chondrichthyes : Sharks
Tiger Sharks have been known to
eat ANYTHING!
Bull Sharks live along coastlines and inlets - they can live in Salt
AND Fresh Water
Class Osteichthyesscales
have jaws
gills with operculum (bony plate)
Bony Skeleton
Lateral Line System
This group includes all fish with a bony skeleton.......
Gill Slits vs Operculum
Osteichthyes : Tropical Fish Class Osteichthyes: Tropical Fish
Sea Horse
Sea Dragon
Osteichthyes : More Fish! Osteichthyes : Deep Sea Fish
Angler and Snaggletooth
Fish
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