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< 5

m

Smal

lest

…SUPERLATIVES

You

coul

d fi

t th

e sm

alle

st c

ountr

y in

to t

he s

mal

lest

con

tin

ent

near

ly 1

7.5 

mill

ion

tim

es. B

ut c

an t

he s

mal

lest

cat

th

at e

ver

exis

ted

real

ly h

ave

been

fou

r ti

mes

sm

alle

r th

an t

he s

mal

lest

pol

ice

dog

? A

nd w

hat

is t

he s

mal

lest

un

it

of l

eng

th in

the

uni

vers

e? G

WR

pre

sent

s a

whi

stle

stop

tou

r of

rel

ativ

e si

ze, f

rom

ste

llar

to s

ub-a

tom

ic.

< 5

0 c

m

Tin

ker

Toy,

a m

ale

blu

e p

oin

t H

imal

ayan

-Per

sian

, mea

sure

d 7

cm (2

.75

in) t

all a

nd

19 c

m

(7.5

in) l

ong

wh

en f

ully

g

row

n (a

ged

2.5

yea

rs).

H

is o

wn

ers

wer

e K

atri

na

and

Sco

tt

Forb

es o

f Ta

ylor

ville

, Ill

inoi

s, U

SA

.

Cat

7 cm

< 5

.5 c

m

< 1

mm

Dow

nlo

ad t

his

post

er: g

uinn

essw

orld

reco

rds.

com

/20

18

Arc

ade

mac

hin

e12

.4 x

5.2

x 6

cm

In 2

00

9, c

omp

ute

r en

gin

eer

Mar

k S

levi

nsk

y (C

AN

) bu

ilt

a fu

lly p

laya

ble

arc

ade

mac

hin

e m

easu

rin

g 12

.4

x 5

.2 x

6 c

m (4

.88

x 2.

05

x 2.

36

in).

He

wro

te h

is

own

oper

atin

g sy

stem

, Fu

nkO

S, t

o p

rog

ram

its

Tetr

is, S

pac

e In

vad

ers

and

Bre

akou

t cl

ones

.

Din

osau

r3

9 cm

The

feat

her

ed

Mic

rora

ptor

zh

aoia

nu

s m

easu

red

39 c

m (1

5.3

in)

lon

g, o

f w

hic

h 24

cm

(9

.4 in

) was

its

tail.

A

fos

sil s

pec

imen

fou

nd

in C

hin

a in

19

99

has

bee

n d

ated

to

110

–120

mill

ion

year

s ag

o.

By

usi

ng

field

ion

mic

rosc

opy,

th

e ti

ps

of p

rob

es o

f sc

ann

ing

tun

nel

ling

mic

rosc

opes

hav

e b

een

shap

ed t

o en

d in

a s

ing

le a

tom

. Th

e la

st t

hre

e la

yers

co

nst

itu

te t

he

wor

ld’s

sm

alle

st m

an-

mad

e py

ram

id, c

onsi

stin

g of

sev

en

atom

s, t

hre

e at

oms

and

one

atom

.

Man

-mad

e ob

ject

1 at

om

The

smal

lest

m

easu

rab

le le

ng

th in

th

e un

iver

se is

th

e P

lan

ck

len

gth

, wh

ich

is 1

.6 x

10

-35 m

ac

ross

. It

is e

qu

ival

ent

to

arou

nd

a m

illio

nth

of

a b

illio

nth

of

a b

illio

nth

of

a b

illio

nth

of

a ce

nti

met

re a

cros

s (a

dec

imal

p

oin

t fo

llow

ed b

y 3

4 ze

roes

an

d a

one)

. Thi

s is

th

e sc

ale

at w

hich

qu

antu

m f

oam

is b

elie

ved

to e

xist

. Q

uant

um t

heo

ry h

olds

th

at s

pace

-ti

me

is c

ompo

sed

of in

finit

esim

ally

ti

ny r

egio

ns

in w

hic

h n

ew d

imen

sion

s co

me

into

bei

ng

and

van

ish

at

incr

edib

le s

pee

d, r

ath

er li

ke f

oam

b

ub

ble

s. T

hes

e q

uan

tum

foa

m

bu

bb

les

are

tiny

com

pare

d ev

en

to a

tom

ic n

ucl

ei.

Un

it o

f le

ng

th1.

6 x

10

-35 m

< 15

0,0

00

km

Ou

r S

un

is 1

1.6

tim

es la

rger

th

an t

he

smal

lest

kn

own

star

(see

bel

ow).

Ch

eryl

Mos

s (Z

AF

) han

d-cr

afte

d a

ted

dy

bea

r th

at

mea

sure

s ju

st 9

mm

(0.3

5 in

) ta

ll. S

he

has

bee

n m

akin

g “M

icro

bea

rs”

for

seve

ral

year

s an

d se

llin

g th

em

in s

pec

ialis

t te

dd

y-b

ear

stor

es.

Com

mer

cial

ly a

vaila

ble

st

itch

ed t

edd

y b

ear

9 m

m

The

smal

lest

cor

dle

ss

dri

ll m

easu

res

17 x

7 x

13

.5 m

m (0

.66

x 0

.27

x 0

.53

in) a

nd

hol

ds

a tw

ist

dri

ll th

at is

11

.75

mm

(0.4

6 in

) lon

g.

The

3D

-pri

nte

d to

ol w

as

des

ign

ed a

nd

pro

du

ced

by L

ance

Ab

ern

ethy

(NZ

) on

21

Mar

20

15.

Wor

kin

g d

rill

17 x

7 x

13

.5 m

m

The

Mer

cury

sp

acec

raft

was

u

sed

for

six

NA

SA

man

ned

m

issi

ons

bet

wee

n 19

61 a

nd

196

3. I

t ca

rrie

d a

sin

gle

as

tron

aut

insi

de

a co

nic

al

cap

sule

th

at w

as 3

.34

m

(10

ft

11.5

in) h

igh

and

1.8

9 m

(6

ft

2 in

) in

dia

met

er.

Pre

ssu

rise

d m

ann

ed

spac

ecra

ft3

.34

x 1

.89

m

Ch

and

ra B

ahad

ur

Dan

gi (

NP

L)

was

54

.6 c

m (2

1.5

in) t

all w

hen

m

easu

red

at C

IWEC

Clin

ic T

rave

l M

edic

ine

Cen

ter

in L

ain

chau

r, K

ath

man

du

, Nep

al, o

n 26

Feb

20

12.

Man

(eve

r)5

4.6

cm

Wom

an (e

ver)

61

cm

Pau

line

Mu

ster

s, k

now

n as

Pri

nce

ss P

aulin

e, w

as

bor

n in

Oss

end

rech

t,

Net

her

lan

ds,

on

26 F

eb

1876

an

d m

easu

red

1 ft

(3

0 c

m) a

t b

irth

. Sh

e d

ied

of p

neu

mon

ia w

ith

men

ing

itis

on

1 M

ar 1

895

in

New

Yor

k C

ity,

US

A, a

t th

e ag

e of

19.

A p

ost-

mor

tem

exa

min

atio

n re

veal

ed h

er h

eig

ht

to

be

2 ft

(61

cm).

Ch

ihu

ahu

a/ra

t te

rrie

r cr

oss

Mid

ge

is 2

8 cm

(11

in)

tall

and

58

cm (2

2.8

in)

lon

g. S

he

wor

ked

as a

n offi

cial

Law

En

forc

emen

t W

ork

Dog

(or

“Pol

ice

K9”)

w

ith

her

ow

ner

, Sh

eriff

Dan

M

cCle

llan

d (U

SA

), a

t G

eau

ga

Cou

nty

Sh

eriff

’s O

ffice

in

Ch

ardo

n, O

hio,

US

A. M

idge

pa

ssed

her

Ohi

o C

erti

ficat

ion

as a

Nar

coti

cs D

og o

n 7

Nov

20

06

and

reti

red

, alo

ng

wit

h S

her

iff M

cCle

llan

d,

on 1

Jan

20

17.

Pol

ice

dog

28

cm

Mim

as, o

ne

of S

atu

rn’s

moo

ns,

is ju

st

396

.6 k

m (2

46

.4 m

i) a

cros

s. It

is t

he

smal

lest

kn

own

bod

y w

hos

e sh

ape

has

bee

n ro

un

ded

ow

ing

to it

s ow

n g

ravi

ty. M

imas

is a

lso

the

20th

larg

est

moo

n in

th

e S

olar

Sys

tem

.

Sp

her

ical

wor

ld3

96

.6 k

m

Roa

dwor

thy

car

63

.5 x

65

.4 x

12

6.3

cm

Cre

ated

by

Au

stin

Cou

lson

(U

SA

),

the

mos

t d

imin

uti

ve r

oad

wor

thy

car

mea

sure

s 6

3.5

cm

hig

h,

65

.4 c

m w

ide

and

126

.3 c

m lo

ng

(25

x 25

.75

x 49

.75

in).

It w

as

mea

sure

d in

Car

rollt

on,

Texa

s, U

SA

, on

7 S

ep 2

012

.

A g

uita

r bas

ed o

n a

Fen

der S

trat

ocas

ter a

nd

carv

ed

from

a b

lock

of s

ilico

n m

easu

red

10 m

icro

met

res

lon

g –

one-

twen

tiet

h of

th

e th

ickn

ess

of h

uman

h

air.

It w

as m

ade

in 1

997

in ju

st 2

0 m

in b

y sc

ien

tist

s at

Cor

nel

l Un

iver

sity

, New

Yor

k, U

SA

. Eac

h of

its

stri

ng

s w

as 0

.05

mic

rom

etre

s th

ick,

eq

uiv

alen

t to

a li

ne

of 1

00

ato

ms.

In 2

00

5, s

cien

tist

s at

Ric

e U

niv

ersi

ty, U

SA

, led

by

Jam

es T

our,

reve

aled

a “

car”

mad

e fr

om a

mol

ecu

le

of m

ostl

y ca

rbon

ato

ms

that

con

tain

s a

chas

sis,

axl

es

and

four

wh

eels

mad

e fr

om b

ucky

bal

l mol

ecul

es. T

he

enti

re a

ssem

bla

ge

mea

sure

s ju

st 3

-4 n

anom

etre

s ac

ross

– s

ligh

tly

wid

er t

han

a s

tran

d of

DN

A.

Nan

ocar

3

–4 n

anom

etre

s

Air

craf

t2

.69

m

Des

ign

ed a

nd

bu

ilt b

y R

ober

t H

Sta

rr (

US

A),

th

e b

ipla

ne

Bu

mb

le B

ee II

was

8 f

t 10

in

(2.6

9 m

) lon

g, w

ith

a w

ing-

span

of

5 ft

6 in

(1

.68

m),

an

d w

eig

hed

179

.6 k

g (3

96 lb

) em

pty

. It

cou

ld a

ccom

mod

ate

one

per

son

.

Sta

r11

9,6

60

km

The

smal

lest

kn

own

star

is 2

MA

SS

J

05

233

82

2-14

03

02

2, o

bse

rved

4

0 li

gh

t ye

ars

from

Ear

th. I

t h

as a

dia

met

er

of a

rou

nd

119,

66

0 k

m (

74,3

53

mi)

, aro

un

d 0

.08

6 ti

mes

th

at o

f th

e S

un

(top

).

The

stap

es o

r st

irru

p b

one,

on

e of

th

e th

ree

aud

itor

y os

sicl

es in

th

e m

idd

le

ear,

mea

sure

s 2.

6-

3.4

mm

(0.1

-0.1

3 in

) lon

g an

d w

eig

hs

2–4

.3 m

g (0

.03–

0.0

66

gra

ins)

.

Hu

man

bon

es2

.6–3

.4 m

m

Cou

ntr

y 0

.44

km

2

The

smal

lest

ind

epen

den

t co

un

try

is t

he

Sta

te o

f V

atic

an C

ity

or H

oly

See

(Sta

to d

ella

C

ittà

del

Vat

ican

o), a

n en

clav

e w

ith

in t

he

city

of

Rom

e in

Ital

y. It

has

an

area

of

0.4

4 km

2 (0

.17

sq m

i) a

nd

is s

mal

ler

than

th

e P

enta

gon

itse

lf t

he

wor

ld’s

larg

est

office

bu

ildin

g.

100

%10

0%Bir

d5

.7 c

m

Mal

e b

ee h

um

min

gb

ird

s (M

ellis

ug

a h

elen

ae) o

f C

ub

a an

d th

e Is

le o

f Yo

uth

mea

sure

5.7

cm

(2

.24

in) l

ong

, hal

f of

wh

ich

is

take

n u

p by

th

e b

ill a

nd

tail.

M

ales

wei

gh

1.6

g (0

.05

6 oz

),

bu

t fe

mal

es a

re s

ligh

tly

larg

er.

Rep

lica

gu

itar

10 m

icro

met

res

Ex

tras

olar

pla

net

1,9

30

km

An

extr

asol

ar p

lan

et (o

r exo

plan

et) i

s on

e th

at

orbi

ts a

sun

oth

er t

han

our

ow

n. K

eple

r 3

7b

orb

its

the

star

Kep

ler

37,

aro

un

d 2

10 li

gh

t ye

ars

from

Ear

th in

th

e co

nst

ella

tion

of

Lyra

. It

s d

isco

very

by

NA

SA

’s K

eple

r sp

acec

raft

w

as a

nn

oun

ced

on 2

0 F

eb 2

013

. Kep

ler

37b

is

on

ly a

rou

nd

1,20

0 m

i (1,

930

km

) acr

oss,

sm

alle

r th

an t

he

pla

net

Mer

cury

.

100

%

Som

e so

urce

s ar

gue

that

Oce

ania

, or O

cean

ia/

Aus

tral

asia

, is

the

smal

lest

con

tin

ent,

but

th

e d

efin

itio

ns

of w

hat

ter

rito

ries

th

is in

clu

des

va

ry w

idel

y. F

or m

ost

sour

ces,

incl

udin

g G

WR

, th

e re

cord

hol

der i

s A

ustr

alia

, wit

h a

wes

t-to

-ea

st w

idth

of s

ome

4,0

00

km

(2,4

85

mi)

and

an a

rea

of 7

.69

mill

ion

km2 (2

.96

mill

ion

sq m

i).

It is

als

o th

e si

xth

larg

est

cou

ntr

y.

Con

tin

ent

4,0

00

km

Wri

tten

by

Mar

tin

Lod

ewijk

(NLD

) an

d p

ub

lish

ed in

Ju

n 19

99,

a

spec

ial i

ssu

e of

A

gen

t 32

7 en

titl

ed

“Dos

sier

Min

imu

m

Bu

g”

mea

sure

d ju

st

2.5

8 x

3.7

cm

(1 x

1.

4 in

). A

tot

al o

f 2

,00

0 c

opie

s of

th

e 16

-pag

e, f

ull-

colo

ur

com

ic w

ere

pro

du

ced

and

sold

wit

h a

free

m

agn

ifyi

ng

gla

ss.

Com

ic b

ook

2.5

8 x

3.7

cm

Scu

lptu

re o

f a

hu

man

8

0 x

10

0 x

30

mic

rom

etre

s

The

smal

lest

scu

lptu

re m

odel

led

on a

re

al p

erso

n is

Tru

st b

y J

onty

Hu

rwit

z (U

K),

a 3

D-p

rin

ted

pie

ce d

epic

tin

g a

wom

an a

nd

mea

suri

ng

80

x 1

00

x

30

mic

rom

etre

s. T

he

stat

ue,

in

spir

ed b

y th

e ar

tist

’s fi

rst

love

27

yea

rs a

fter

th

ey m

et, w

as

veri

fied

on 1

3 Fe

b 20

15 a

t th

e K

arls

ruh

e N

ano

Mic

ro

Faci

lity

in G

erm

any.

The

C1S

T is

a w

orki

ng

revo

lver

5

.5 c

m lo

ng

, 3.5

cm

hig

h, 1

cm

w

ide

(2.1

x 1

.3 x

0.4

in) a

nd

wei

gh

ing

19.8

g (0

.7 o

z). I

t is

m

ade

by S

wis

sMin

iGu

n (C

HE

).

Rev

olve

r5

.5 c

m

100

%10

0%

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