The Abbasid Empire at Its Peak

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The Abbasid Empire at Its Peak. Islamic Heartlands in the Abbasid Eras. Abbasids build capitol in Baghdad Al-Mahdi (775-785) Shi’a unreconciled Succession not secure. Extravagance and Succession Disputes. Harun al-Rashid Son of al-Mahdi Flourishing of arts The Thousand and One Nights - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

The Abbasid Empire at Its Peak

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Islamic Heartlands in the Abbasid Eras

Abbasids build capitol in Baghdad Al-Mahdi (775-785)

Shi’a unreconciled Succession not secure

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Extravagance and Succession Disputes

Harun al-Rashid Son of al-Mahdi Flourishing of arts

The Thousand and One Nights Death followed by civil war

Al-Ma'mun Sons built mercenary force Out of control

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Imperial Breakdown andAgrarian Disorder

• Civil unrest• Caliphs:

built lavishly & supported mercenaries tax burden increased agriculture suffered

Infra-structure collapsed

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Declining Position of Women

Seclusion, veilPolygynyMore freedom for slave women

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Nomadic Incursions

Former provinces threaten AbbasidsBuyids, Persia

Take Baghdad, 945 “Sultans” = victorious

Seljuk Turks 1055, defeat Buyids Sunnis

Purged Shi’a officials Defeated Byzantines & Egyptians

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Crusades

1096, 1st Crusade Middle East invaded by Christian knights Small kingdoms established

8 Crusades Spanned 200 years

3rd Crusade Saladin vs. King Richard

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Impact of Crusades

Sparked: greater trade w/ Europe Animosity btwn. Christians & Muslims

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Age of Learning and Art

Urban growthMerchants thrive

Baghdad, before destruction by Mongols:

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Flowering of Persian Literature

Persian the court language Administration, literature

Arabic in religion, law, sciencesCalligraphyFirdawsi

Shah-Nama

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Shah-Nama

Epic poem History of Persia Often set to music Inspired exquisite illustrations

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Flowering of Persian Literature

Omar Kayyan (Khayyam) Rubaiyat Blend of mystical & commonplace

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Achievements in Math

MathBuilt on Greek workAl-Jabr

“algebra”

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Achievements in the Sciences

Chemistry 1st to conduct experiments

Al-Razi’s classifications animal, vegetable, mineral

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

The Spread of Islam,10th-16th Centuries

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Achievements in the Sciences

Medicine Hospitals Courses of study

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Religious Trends and the New Push for Expansion

Sufis Mysticism

Ulama Conservative Against outside influence Greek philosophy rejected

Qur'an sufficient

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

New Waves of Nomadic Invasions and the End of the Caliphate

Mongols Chinggis Khan Largest contiguous empire

1258, Baghdad fell to Mongols Last Abbasid killed

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Mongols conquering Baghdad

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Indian Influences on Islamic Civilization

Science, math, medicine, music, astronomy

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