The renaissance of Canadian wood products and...

WOOD 120 October 2015

The renaissance of Canadian wood products and advanced building systems

Chris Gaston, PhD

2Chris Gaston October 2015

Overview

• Canadian fibre supply

– land base, production and trade

• End-use markets

– Lumber, wood based panels and engineered wood products / composites• Residential, R&R, non-residential and industrial

– Bio-energy and bio-chemicals

• The renaissance of our industry!– Product and system evolution / revolution

• The Green Economy (?)

Overview of the Canadian forest sector

Forests of Canada

• 397.3 M hectares– 150.6 M certified

– 37.3 M national parks

• 2010 (hectares):– 0.69 M harvest

– 12.7 M lost to insects

– 2.6 M lost to fires

• 67% coniferous, 16% mixed wood and 11% hardwood

• 93% publicly owned

• 30% of the world’s boreal forest

Source: The State of Canada’s Forests, 2012 Annual Report

Forest industry in Canada—key facts

• Forest Sector Revenues (2010)

– Forestry and logging $ 7.8 Billion

– Pulp & paper $25.8

– Wood products $20.2

• Contribution to GDP: $24 Billion

• Balance of Trade (2010): $17 Billion

• Average Wages per Employee (2011): $52,673 – 16% above the national average

• Direct jobs (2011): 233,900

• Job losses since 2006: 86,900

• Research and development (2011)

– Wood Products Manufacturing: $95 Million

– Pulp and Paper: $56

– Forestry and Logging: $ 6

Source: FPAC; The State of Canada’s Forests, 2012 Annual Report

Structural changes in (or affecting) supply

• US housing collapse

• Drop in newsprint consumption

• Rise in lower grade demand (China, bioenergy)

• Rise in CDN $ value against US currency

• Annual allowable cut drops– Recently Ontario and Quebec; pending in BC with the MPB)

• Increasing fiber costs

• Decreasing fiber quality

• Increasing natural

disturbances

Wood supply cost in Canada

Source: International Wood Markets Group, February 2007

Global fibre supply changes

Source: Pöyry

Canada forest products exports

Source: Global Trade Atlas

Canada lumber production

Canada lumber exports

Some context: wood-use in the U.S.

Source: RISI, Boston, Massachusetts

U.S. housing starts

Source: US Bureau of the Census

‘Stick-built’ platform frame construction

The average cost of rough framing, sheathing, soffit, and door / window installation is as low as $8 per sq. ft.($16,000 for a 2,000 sq. ft. home)

‘Pre-fab’ platform frame construction

Move to 6-story multi-family

Source: WoodWorks

Library Square, Kamloops, BC, 2010

Source: Adera, Vancouver, BC

Residential, University of BC

Move to 6-story multi-family

Six story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: FPI, Quebec

Quebec, QC2010

Six story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: FPI, Quebec

Concrete cores/walls to

resist lateral loads

Glulam post & beam

+ Three levels of parking (concrete)

Five story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: Perkins + Will

Earth Sciences Building, UBC

Five story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: Perkins + Will

Earth Sciences Building, UBC

Consumer reaction to Canadian softwoods

‘Tall Buildings’

Source: Michael Green Architecture

Wood Innovation Design Centre, Prince George, BC

‘Tall Buildings’

Source: http://www.vancitybuzz.com/2014/09/ubc-wooden-building/

Proposed 18-storey wood hybrid, UBC

‘Tall buildings’

Source: Michael Green Architecture

“We are in a unique moment in architectural and building engineering history when shifting world needs has asked us to question some of the fundamentals of how we have built for the last century and how we will build in the next.”

Michael Green

Wood Works 2014 Design Awards

Project of the Canadian Wood Council

Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/

Residential Wood DesignSilver Lake House, WashingtonHewitt+Company Architecture Inc.

Multifamily Residential Wood DesignRed Sky Townhomes, Whistler, B.C.aka architecture + design inc.

Commercial Wood DesignSalmon Arm Savings & Credit UnionRatio Architecture

Interior Beauty DesignForest House, Bowen Island, B.C.JWT Architecture and Planning

Institutional Wood DesignYunesit'in Health Centre, Hanceville, B.C.David Nairne + Associates Ltd.

Western Red CedarLiard River Hot Springs, Liard River, B.C.Formline Architecture + Urbanism

EngineerBow River Bridge in Banff, AlbertaFast + Epp Structural Engineers

Wood ChampionPeter Busby Perkins + Will

Wood pellets

Source: www.pellet.org

Bio-pathways

Source: http://fpac.ca/

Bio-pathways

Source: FPInnovations

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Bio-pathways II—value pathways in construction

• Market Leader Interviews– Architects feel very strong

social / environmental responsibility

• Survey state of market-ready and emerging technologies / products

• Address business models of innovation– How to foster new product

development

Source: http://fpac.ca/

Value pathways in construction

Forest Industry Transformation (IFIT) program provided$190 million in 2010/2014 to help with the “valley of death”.

Source: http://cfs-scf.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/selective-cuttings/51

Examples of new tech / product development

• Past

– Heavy focus on commodities

– Heavy focus on manufacturing cost reductions

– More limited:• Wood modification

• Engineered wood products

• Present / future

– Growing interest in engineered wood products and systems

• Solid and Composites

– Bio-energy

– Bio-chemicals

Treated lumber

Source: US Borax

Thermally modified wood

Source: ThermoWood

Chemically modified (acetylated) wood

Source: Accsys Technologies

Non structural composites

Source: Trex

Decking

At stake for the U.S. market?

$4-5 billion annually

Profiled decking

Sound abatement panels

Glulam

Source: Chantiers Chibougamau

Glulam

Source: Nordic, Structurlam, Western Archrib

Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)

Source: FPInnovations, Quebec City office/laboratory

Cross laminated timber

Source: KLH

8-Storey buildings, Växjö, Sweden

9-Storey building, London, UK

Source: KLH

Kobe-level seismic test

FPInnovations has carried out a number of studies to develop seismic factors for CLT as a lateral load resisting system.

Courtesy of McFarland Marceaua r c h i t e c t s l t d

UBC Bio-energy R&D Project

Parallel and laminated strand lumber (PSL. LSL)

Source: FPInnovations, Weyerhaeuser

Joists

Dascanova

Wood fibre insulation

Source: http://www.gutex.de/en/Products/Installation_and_Product_Information/#

Steico, Actis, Pavatex, Gutex and others

Biodiesel

Rudolf Diesel

Rudolf Diesel's designed his demonstrated engine in Germany in 1893 running on nothing but peanut oil.

Linoleum

Biodiesel

Biochemicals / bioproducts

Star Trek replicator

3-D printing

The ultimate goal

Transportation Fuels

Other Fuels and Products

Chemicals, Plastics, Rubber

Petroleum End-uses

Revenues

Source: T. Werpy, 2009 BioWorld Conference (Modified by Tom Brown)

Questions?

Chris Gaston

chris.gaston@ubc.ca

chris.gaston@fpinnovations.ca

+1 604 827 1417

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