The renaissance of Canadian wood products and …wood120.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2012/08/Gaston-Renaissance-updated.pdf · The renaissance of Canadian wood products and advanced building

WOOD 120 October 2015

The renaissance of Canadian wood products and advanced building systems

Chris Gaston, PhD

TM

2Chris Gaston October 2015

Overview

• Canadian fibre supply

– land base, production and trade

• End-use markets

– Lumber, wood based panels and engineered wood products / composites• Residential, R&R, non-residential and industrial

– Bio-energy and bio-chemicals

• The renaissance of our industry!– Product and system evolution / revolution

• The Green Economy (?)


Overview of the Canadian forest sector


Forests of Canada

• 397.3 M hectares– 150.6 M certified

– 37.3 M national parks

• 2010 (hectares):– 0.69 M harvest

– 12.7 M lost to insects

– 2.6 M lost to fires

• 67% coniferous, 16% mixed wood and 11% hardwood

• 93% publicly owned

• 30% of the world’s boreal forest

Source: The State of Canada’s Forests, 2012 Annual Report


Forest industry in Canada—key facts

• Forest Sector Revenues (2010)

– Forestry and logging $ 7.8 Billion

– Pulp & paper $25.8

– Wood products $20.2

$53.8

• Contribution to GDP: $24 Billion

• Balance of Trade (2010): $17 Billion

• Average Wages per Employee (2011): $52,673 – 16% above the national average

• Direct jobs (2011): 233,900

• Job losses since 2006: 86,900

• Research and development (2011)

– Wood Products Manufacturing: $95 Million

– Pulp and Paper: $56

– Forestry and Logging: $ 6

Source: FPAC; The State of Canada’s Forests, 2012 Annual Report


Structural changes in (or affecting) supply

• US housing collapse

• Drop in newsprint consumption

• Rise in lower grade demand (China, bioenergy)

• Rise in CDN $ value against US currency

• Annual allowable cut drops– Recently Ontario and Quebec; pending in BC with the MPB)

• Increasing fiber costs

• Decreasing fiber quality

• Increasing natural

disturbances



Wood supply cost in Canada

Source: International Wood Markets Group, February 2007


Global fibre supply changes

Source: Pöyry


Canada forest products exports

Source: Global Trade Atlas


Canada lumber production



Canada lumber exports



Some context: wood-use in the U.S.

Source: RISI, Boston, Massachusetts


U.S. housing starts

Source: US Bureau of the Census


‘Stick-built’ platform frame construction

The average cost of rough framing, sheathing, soffit, and door / window installation is as low as $8 per sq. ft.($16,000 for a 2,000 sq. ft. home)


‘Pre-fab’ platform frame construction


Move to 6-story multi-family

Source: WoodWorks

Library Square, Kamloops, BC, 2010


Source: Adera, Vancouver, BC

Residential, University of BC

Move to 6-story multi-family


Six story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: FPI, Quebec

Quebec, QC2010


Six story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: FPI, Quebec

Concrete cores/walls to

resist lateral loads

Glulam post & beam

+ Three levels of parking (concrete)


Five story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: Perkins + Will

Earth Sciences Building, UBC


Five story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: Perkins + Will

Earth Sciences Building, UBC


Consumer reaction to Canadian softwoods


‘Tall Buildings’

Source: Michael Green Architecture

Wood Innovation Design Centre, Prince George, BC


‘Tall Buildings’

Source: http://www.vancitybuzz.com/2014/09/ubc-wooden-building/

Proposed 18-storey wood hybrid, UBC


‘Tall buildings’

Source: Michael Green Architecture

“We are in a unique moment in architectural and building engineering history when shifting world needs has asked us to question some of the fundamentals of how we have built for the last century and how we will build in the next.”

Michael Green


Wood Works 2014 Design Awards

Project of the Canadian Wood Council

Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/



Residential Wood DesignSilver Lake House, WashingtonHewitt+Company Architecture Inc.




Multifamily Residential Wood DesignRed Sky Townhomes, Whistler, B.C.aka architecture + design inc.




Commercial Wood DesignSalmon Arm Savings & Credit UnionRatio Architecture




Interior Beauty DesignForest House, Bowen Island, B.C.JWT Architecture and Planning




Institutional Wood DesignYunesit'in Health Centre, Hanceville, B.C.David Nairne + Associates Ltd.




Western Red CedarLiard River Hot Springs, Liard River, B.C.Formline Architecture + Urbanism




EngineerBow River Bridge in Banff, AlbertaFast + Epp Structural Engineers




Wood ChampionPeter Busby Perkins + Will



Wood pellets

Source: www.pellet.org


Bio-pathways

Source: http://fpac.ca/


Bio-pathways

Source: FPInnovations

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BC Central Interior ROCE – Normalized


Bio-pathways II—value pathways in construction

• Market Leader Interviews– Architects feel very strong

social / environmental responsibility

• Survey state of market-ready and emerging technologies / products

• Address business models of innovation– How to foster new product

development

Source: http://fpac.ca/


Value pathways in construction

Forest Industry Transformation (IFIT) program provided$190 million in 2010/2014 to help with the “valley of death”.

Source: http://cfs-scf.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/selective-cuttings/51


Examples of new tech / product development

• Past

– Heavy focus on commodities

– Heavy focus on manufacturing cost reductions

– More limited:• Wood modification

• Engineered wood products

• Present / future

– Growing interest in engineered wood products and systems

• Solid and Composites

– Bio-energy

– Bio-chemicals


Treated lumber

Source: US Borax


Thermally modified wood

Source: ThermoWood


Chemically modified (acetylated) wood

Source: Accsys Technologies


Non structural composites

Source: Trex


Decking


Decking


Decking


Decking

At stake for the U.S. market?

$4-5 billion annually


Profiled decking



Profiled decking



Sound abatement panels



Glulam

Source: Chantiers Chibougamau


Glulam

Source: Nordic, Structurlam, Western Archrib


Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)



Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)

Source: FPInnovations, Quebec City office/laboratory


Cross laminated timber




Source: KLH



8-Storey buildings, Växjö, Sweden

9-Storey building, London, UK

Source: KLH



Source: KLH


Kobe-level seismic test



FPInnovations has carried out a number of studies to develop seismic factors for CLT as a lateral load resisting system.



Courtesy of McFarland Marceaua r c h i t e c t s l t d

UBC Bio-energy R&D Project



Parallel and laminated strand lumber (PSL. LSL)

Source: FPInnovations, Weyerhaeuser


Joists


Dascanova


Wood fibre insulation

Source: http://www.gutex.de/en/Products/Installation_and_Product_Information/#

Steico, Actis, Pavatex, Gutex and others


Biodiesel

Rudolf Diesel

Rudolf Diesel's designed his demonstrated engine in Germany in 1893 running on nothing but peanut oil.

Linoleum


Biodiesel


Biochemicals / bioproducts


Star Trek replicator


3-D printing


3-D printing


The ultimate goal

Transportation Fuels

Other Fuels and Products

Chemicals, Plastics, Rubber

Petroleum End-uses

70%

26%

4%

Revenues

43%

42%

15%

Source: T. Werpy, 2009 BioWorld Conference (Modified by Tom Brown)


Questions?

Chris Gaston

[email protected]

[email protected]

+1 604 827 1417

Documents

The renaissance of Canadian wood products and …wood120.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2012/08/Gaston-Renaissance-updated.pdf · The renaissance of Canadian wood products and advanced building