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The Thirteen EnglishThe Thirteen English ColoniesColonies
New England ColoniesNew England Colonies
Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies
Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies
Why colonize the New Why colonize the New World?World?
Opportunities to make a livingOpportunities to make a living Religious freedomReligious freedom Avoid tyrannyAvoid tyranny Climate favorable to EnglishmenClimate favorable to Englishmen
How will the colonies be How will the colonies be financed (paid for) and financed (paid for) and
organized?organized? Joint stock company Joint stock company – formed by a – formed by a group of wealthy businessmen who group of wealthy businessmen who apply to the King for a charter to apply to the King for a charter to settle a colony. (Jamestown, settle a colony. (Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay)Massachusetts Bay)
Proprietary colony Proprietary colony – The king gives – The king gives land to a loyal subject or friend to land to a loyal subject or friend to start a colony (Pennsylvania, North start a colony (Pennsylvania, North Carolina)Carolina)
Royal colony Royal colony – the king appoints a – the king appoints a governor who controls the colony governor who controls the colony for him. (all colonies would become for him. (all colonies would become royal colonies by the start of the royal colonies by the start of the revolution)revolution)
New England ColoniesNew England Colonies
Massachusetts Massachusetts (1620)(1620)
Rhode Island Rhode Island (1636)(1636)
Connecticut (1636)Connecticut (1636) New Hampshire New Hampshire
(1638)(1638)
New England ColoniesNew England ColoniesColonyColony DatDat
eeFounderFounder ReasonsReasons ImportancImportanc
eePlymouthPlymouth
MA BayMA Bay
MAMA
16216200
16316300
PilgrimsPilgrims
PuritansPuritans
Religious Religious freedomfreedom
Religious Religious freedom (freedom (City City on a Hillon a Hill))
Mayflower Mayflower CompactCompact
RepresentatRepresentative govt.-ive govt.-General General CourtCourt
New New HampshirHampshiree
16216233
John John Mason, Mason, Sir F. Sir F. GorgesGorges
Religion, profit Religion, profit from trade from trade and fishingand fishing
MA MA colonists colonists moved in moved in areaarea
ConnecticConnecticutut
16316366
Thomas Thomas HookerHooker
Religion & Religion & political political freedom freedom limited govt. limited govt.
FundamentFundamental Orders of al Orders of CTCT
Rhode Rhode IslandIsland
16316366
Roger Roger WilliamsWilliams
Religious Religious tolerancetolerance
Separates Separates church and church and statestate
New EnglandNew England The New England The New England
colonies based colonies based their economy their economy mostly on trade mostly on trade and shipping. It and shipping. It was also supported was also supported by fishing, lumber, by fishing, lumber, manufacturing, manufacturing, and some and some agriculture. agriculture.
The New England The New England area was covered area was covered with forest, the with forest, the soil was thin and soil was thin and rocky. The area rocky. The area has long, cold has long, cold winters and short winters and short growing seasons. growing seasons.
The Middle ColoniesThe Middle Colonies New York New York
(1626)(1626) Delaware Delaware
(1638)(1638) New Jersey New Jersey
(1664)(1664) Pennsylvania Pennsylvania
(1682)(1682)
Middle ColoniesMiddle ColoniesColonyColony DatDat
eeFoundeFounde
rrReasonReason ImportancImportanc
eeNew New NetherlandNetherlandss
New YorkNew York
16216244
16616644
DutchDutch
Duke of Duke of YorkYork
Trade, Trade, religious religious freedomfreedom
Trade Trade
Diverse Diverse populationpopulation
DelawareDelaware 16316388
16616644
16816822
SwedesSwedes
EnglishEnglish
W PennW Penn
TradeTrade
Seized by Seized by rivalrival
Known as Known as lower lower countiescounties
Provide PN Provide PN a coastline a coastline
New JerseyNew Jersey 16616644
Lord Lord Berkeley, Berkeley, Sir Sir CarteretCarteret
Trade, Trade, religious and religious and political political freedomfreedom
Religion and Religion and assembly assembly rightsrights
PennsylvanPennsylvaniaia
16816822
W PennW Penn Religious and Religious and political political freedomfreedom
Diverse Diverse populationpopulation
Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies The economy of the The economy of the
Middle Colonies was a Middle Colonies was a mixture of agriculture mixture of agriculture and commerce – they and commerce – they were the middle man were the middle man between the Southern between the Southern and New England and New England colonies. They colonies. They became known as the became known as the “Bread Basket” “Bread Basket” coloniescolonies
The Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies has fertile soil, has fertile soil, temperate climate temperate climate with longer growing with longer growing seasons seasons
Results-some large Results-some large estates; large family estates; large family farms with indentured farms with indentured servants, little slavery servants, little slavery except in Delaware’s except in Delaware’s tobacco plantations. tobacco plantations.
Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies Virginia Virginia
(Jamestown – (Jamestown – 1607)1607)
Maryland (1633)Maryland (1633) North Carolina North Carolina
(1653)(1653) South Carolina South Carolina
(1663)(1663) Georgia (1732)Georgia (1732)
Southern ColoniesSouthern ColoniesColonyColony DateDate FounderFounder ReasonReason ImportanceImportance
JamestownJamestown
VirginiaVirginia16016077
16216244
VA Co of VA Co of LondonLondon
Trade, Trade, farming, farming, land, moneyland, money
Rolfe-tobaccoRolfe-tobaccoHouse of House of BurgessesBurgesses (1(1stst Representative Representative Assembly in North Assembly in North America)America)
MarylandMaryland 16316322
Lord Lord BaltimoreBaltimore
Religious Religious and political and political freedomfreedom
Elected Elected assembly; Act assembly; Act of Tolerationof Toleration
CarolinasCarolinas
N N CarolinaCarolina
S S CarolinaCarolina
16616633
17117122
17217299
Eight Eight ProprietorProprietorss
Royal Royal colonycolony
Trade, Trade, farming farming religionreligion
African slavesAfrican slaves
RepresentativRepresentative assembliese assemblies
GeorgiaGeorgia 17317322
James James OglethorpOglethorpee
Haven for Haven for prisoners prisoners and debtors; and debtors; buffer for buffer for Spanish FLSpanish FL
Slavery and Slavery and plantationsplantations
Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies The Southern The Southern
Colonies’ Colonies’ economy was economy was based on the based on the sale of crops to sale of crops to the other the other colonies and colonies and England.England.
Fertile soil; mild Fertile soil; mild winters with long winters with long growing season; growing season; lots of waterways lots of waterways for transportationfor transportation
Most farms were Most farms were small and worked small and worked by families; by families; plantations with plantations with hundreds of slaveshundreds of slaves
Triangular TradeTriangular TradeThe colonies engaged in a trading The colonies engaged in a trading system called “Triangular Trade.”system called “Triangular Trade.”
The Middle PassageThe Middle Passage A particularly harsh A particularly harsh
part of the slaves part of the slaves experience, the experience, the middle passage middle passage was the voyage was the voyage across the Atlantic across the Atlantic Ocean on a slave Ocean on a slave ship. This led to ship. This led to African Diaspora.African Diaspora.
Political life in colonial North Political life in colonial North AmericaAmerica
Political life in the colonies was based Political life in the colonies was based on self-government in England on self-government in England (Parliament)(Parliament)
Town meetings, where people met to Town meetings, where people met to discuss and vote on local matters, were discuss and vote on local matters, were an important part of the democratic an important part of the democratic process (direct democracy).process (direct democracy).
The colonial governor was usually The colonial governor was usually appointed by the king.appointed by the king.
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